30 Questions
What is the term used to describe individuals with specific traits who immigrate to a new population and add new phenotypes to the gene pool?
Gene flow
Which type of natural selection favors individuals with extreme trait values, leading to the emergence of two or more distinct forms within a population?
Disruptive selection
Which of the following is NOT a process by which people have historically modified organisms?
Natural selection
Which of the following is an example of how people have modified animals through selective breeding?
Breeding dogs with particular physiques and temperaments for specific jobs
What is the process by which individuals with certain traits leave a population, potentially removing those traits from the gene pool?
Emigration
Which type of natural selection favors intermediate trait values and maintains a relatively stable population?
Stabilizing selection
What is the function of telomeres in a chromosome?
Protect genetic information during cell division
Which enzyme adds telomeres to the ends of chromosomes?
Telomerase
What is the repetitive sequence found in telomeres in humans?
TTAGGG
How do telomeres protect the genes during cell division?
By preventing loss of genetic information
What is the relationship between telomerase and aging in cells?
Telomerase accelerates aging
Which cells continue to have their telomeres shortened with each cell division?
Somatic cells
What is the function of messenger RNA?
To translate the genetic code into proteins
Which type of RNA is responsible for transferring amino acids?
Transfer RNA
Where are ribosomes, which are responsible for protein synthesis, located?
In the cytoplasm
Which of the following is an example of a structural protein?
Collagen
What is the first step in DNA replication?
DNA unwinds at the origin of replication
What is the central dogma of molecular biology?
The transfer of genetic information from DNA to RNA to proteins
What is the blood type of Charlie?
Type AB
What is the possible blood type of Charlie's mother?
Type A (iAiA) or (iAi)
What are the possible blood types of offsprings that Charlie and his mother can produce?
Type A, B, and AB
What is the definition of evolution according to the text?
The change in the heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive generations in a long period of time.
What is the definition of adaptation according to the text?
The process by which an animal or plant species becomes fitted to its environment.
Who established species as the ultimate unit of taxonomy?
John Ray
What is the primary purpose of biotechnology?
To develop technologies and products that improve our lives and the environment
Which of the following is an example of ancient biotechnology?
The use of microorganisms to make cheese and bread
What technique is used to produce human insulin?
Recombinant DNA technology
What is the purpose of recombinant DNA technology?
To combine DNA from different species or create genes with new functions
Which of the following is an example of a product of classical breeding?
Kobe/Wagyu beef (beef with good fat distribution)
What is the macapuno trait in coconuts?
A naturally occurring trait obtained through classical breeding
Test your knowledge on the process of protein synthesis and the central dogma of molecular biology. Learn about the different types of RNA, their functions, and locations in the cell. Understand the role of proteins as the final products in this biological process.
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