Protein Synthesis and Central Dogma Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the term used to describe individuals with specific traits who immigrate to a new population and add new phenotypes to the gene pool?

  • Gene flow (correct)
  • Directional selection
  • Stabilizing selection
  • Disruptive selection

Which type of natural selection favors individuals with extreme trait values, leading to the emergence of two or more distinct forms within a population?

  • Natural selection
  • Stabilizing selection
  • Directional selection
  • Disruptive selection (correct)

Which of the following is NOT a process by which people have historically modified organisms?

  • Genetic engineering
  • Natural selection (correct)
  • Selective breeding
  • Artificial selection

Which of the following is an example of how people have modified animals through selective breeding?

<p>Breeding dogs with particular physiques and temperaments for specific jobs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which individuals with certain traits leave a population, potentially removing those traits from the gene pool?

<p>Emigration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of natural selection favors intermediate trait values and maintains a relatively stable population?

<p>Stabilizing selection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of telomeres in a chromosome?

<p>Protect genetic information during cell division (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme adds telomeres to the ends of chromosomes?

<p>Telomerase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the repetitive sequence found in telomeres in humans?

<p>TTAGGG (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do telomeres protect the genes during cell division?

<p>By preventing loss of genetic information (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between telomerase and aging in cells?

<p>Telomerase accelerates aging (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cells continue to have their telomeres shortened with each cell division?

<p>Somatic cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of messenger RNA?

<p>To translate the genetic code into proteins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of RNA is responsible for transferring amino acids?

<p>Transfer RNA (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are ribosomes, which are responsible for protein synthesis, located?

<p>In the cytoplasm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a structural protein?

<p>Collagen (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in DNA replication?

<p>DNA unwinds at the origin of replication (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the central dogma of molecular biology?

<p>The transfer of genetic information from DNA to RNA to proteins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the blood type of Charlie?

<p>Type AB (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the possible blood type of Charlie's mother?

<p>Type A (iAiA) or (iAi) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the possible blood types of offsprings that Charlie and his mother can produce?

<p>Type A, B, and AB (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of evolution according to the text?

<p>The change in the heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive generations in a long period of time. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of adaptation according to the text?

<p>The process by which an animal or plant species becomes fitted to its environment. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who established species as the ultimate unit of taxonomy?

<p>John Ray (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of biotechnology?

<p>To develop technologies and products that improve our lives and the environment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of ancient biotechnology?

<p>The use of microorganisms to make cheese and bread (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What technique is used to produce human insulin?

<p>Recombinant DNA technology (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of recombinant DNA technology?

<p>To combine DNA from different species or create genes with new functions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a product of classical breeding?

<p>Kobe/Wagyu beef (beef with good fat distribution) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the macapuno trait in coconuts?

<p>A naturally occurring trait obtained through classical breeding (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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