Properties of Water Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What are the two types of bonds found in a water molecule?

Covalent bonds and hydrogen bonds

What is the angle between the two hydrogen atoms in a water molecule?

  • 180 degrees
  • 104.5 degrees (correct)
  • 90 degrees
  • 109.5 degrees

Hydrogen bonds between water molecules are stronger than covalent bonds between the atoms in the same molecules.

False (B)

Which of the following is NOT a physical property of water?

<p>It has a neutral effect on litmus paper (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following states of water with their corresponding forms:

<p>Solid state = Ice Liquid state = Water Gaseous state = Water vapor</p> Signup and view all the answers

The boiling point of pure water at normal atmospheric pressure is 100°C.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does ice float on water?

<p>Ice is less dense than water</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process called when water is broken down into hydrogen and oxygen gas by electricity?

<p>Electrolysis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of water pollution?

<p>Atmospheric pollution (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of biological water pollution?

<p>Mixing animal and human wastes with water</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a harm caused by chemical pollution?

<p>Increased atmospheric pressure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Thermal pollution can be caused by the release of hot water from nuclear reactors.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for protecting water from pollution in Egypt?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main problem with storing tap water in plastic bottles for a long time?

<p>Plastic can react with chlorine in the water</p> Signup and view all the answers

Raising environmental awareness among people can help protect water from pollution.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Covalent Bond

A type of chemical bond formed between two atoms by the sharing of electrons.

Ionic Bond

A type of bond formed between two oppositely charged ions due to electrostatic attraction.

Polar Molecule

A molecule that has a positive end and a negative end due to uneven distribution of electrons.

Hydrogen Bond

A weak electrostatic attraction between a hydrogen atom in one molecule and an electronegative atom (like oxygen or nitrogen) in another molecule.

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Bond Angle in Water

The angle formed between the two hydrogen atoms and the oxygen atom in a water molecule.

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Solubility

The ability of a substance to dissolve other substances.

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Solvent

A substance that dissolves other substances.

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Solute

A substance that gets dissolved in a solvent.

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Dissolving

The process by which a substance dissolves in a solvent.

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Insoluble

A substance that cannot dissolve in a solvent.

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Boiling Point

The temperature at which a liquid changes into a gas.

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Freezing Point

The temperature at which a liquid changes into a solid.

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Density

The amount of mass per unit volume.

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Electrolyte

A substance that conducts electricity.

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Electrolysis

The process of breaking down a compound into its elements using electricity.

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Water Pollution

The addition of any substance into water that causes a change in its properties, affecting the health and life of living organisms.

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Natural Pollutants

Pollutants that originate from natural events like volcanic eruptions or storms.

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Artificial Pollutants

Pollutants that originate from human activities like factory waste or pesticide use.

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Biological Water Pollution

Pollution caused by mixing animal and human waste with water.

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Chemical Water Pollution

Pollution caused by releasing chemicals from factories and sewage into water.

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Thermal Water Pollution

Pollution caused by increasing the temperature of water, often by using it to cool nuclear reactors.

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Radiant Water Pollution

Pollution caused by radioactive materials leaking into water from nuclear reactors or waste dumping.

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Bilharzia

A disease caused by a parasitic worm that infects the bladder and intestines, often spread through contaminated water.

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Typhoid

A bacterial disease that can cause fever, headache, and stomach pain, often spread through contaminated water.

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Hepatitis

A viral disease that can cause jaundice, fatigue, and abdominal pain, often spread through contaminated water.

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Lead

A heavy metal that can harm brain cells if consumed in high amounts, often found in polluted water.

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Mercury

A heavy metal that can cause blindness if consumed in high amounts, often found in polluted water.

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Arsenic

A metalloid that can cause liver cancer if consumed in high amounts, often found in polluted water.

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Chlorine

A chemical used to kill bacteria and other microorganisms in water.

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Study Notes

Water Properties

  • Water is a polar molecule, formed by one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms, joined by single covalent bonds.
  • The angle between the bonds is 104.5°.
  • Water molecules attract each other through weak electrostatic forces called hydrogen bonds.
  • These hydrogen bonds are weaker than covalent bonds but critically important for influencing water's properties due to the high electronegativity of oxygen compared to hydrogen.

Physical Properties of Water

  • Exists in three states at ordinary temperatures: solid (ice), liquid (water), and gaseous (water vapor).
  • Water is a good solvent, dissolving many ionic compounds (like sodium chloride) and some covalent compounds (like sugar), which can form hydrogen bonds with water.
  • Covalent compounds like oil cannot dissolve in water because they cannot form hydrogen bonds.
  • Water has unusually high boiling and freezing points compared to similar-sized molecules.
  • The density of ice is less than that of liquid water; ice floats. This is due to the hydrogen bonds creating more space between molecules in the solid state.

Chemical Properties of Water

  • Neutral pH, meaning it doesn't affect litmus paper.
  • Electrolysis of water decomposes it into hydrogen and oxygen, with the volume of hydrogen twice that of oxygen. (2Hâ‚‚O → 2Hâ‚‚ + Oâ‚‚)

Water Pollution

  • Pollution results from increased agricultural, industrial, and developmental activities.
  • Water pollution is the introduction of substances that negatively affect water quality. This impacts the health and life of living creatures.
  • Water pollutants are broadly classified as natural (e.g., lightning, volcanic eruptions) and artificial (e.g., pesticides, sewage, industrial waste).
  • Various types of pollution exist including biological (e.g., animal waste), chemical (e.g., industrial runoff), thermal (e.g., cooling water from nuclear reactors), and radioactive (e.g., nuclear waste). Each type has different impacts on aquatic environments and human health.

Protecting Water Sources

  • Several measures protect water from pollution, such as:
  • Preventing waste disposal into water bodies.
  • Disinfection of water storage tanks.
  • Avoiding storing tap water in plastic containers.
  • Promoting awareness about water conservation and pollution prevention.
  • Establishing water purification stations and analyzing water quality regularly.

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Related Documents

Prep.2 Unit One - Lesson Four 2021 PDF

Description

Test your knowledge about the unique properties of water, including its molecular structure, states of matter, and bonding characteristics. This quiz covers key concepts such as polar molecules and the significance of hydrogen bonds in water's behavior.

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