Questions and Answers
What is the definition of matter?
What is the unit of measurement for volume?
What is density?
What is the state of matter where particles are widely spaced and move freely?
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What is the process when a liquid changes to a solid when heat is removed?
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What is an element?
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What is a compound?
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What is a mixture?
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What occurs when a gas changes to a liquid when heat is removed?
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Study Notes
Definition
- Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space.
- It is the physical substance that makes up all objects, living and non-living.
Properties of Matter
- Mass: the amount of matter in an object, measured in grams (g) or kilograms (kg).
- Volume: the amount of space occupied by an object, measured in liters (L) or cubic centimeters (cm³).
- Density: the ratio of mass to volume, measured in grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm³).
- State: matter can exist in three main states: solid, liquid, and gas.
States of Matter
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Solids:
- Have a fixed shape and volume.
- Particles are closely packed and vibrate in place.
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Liquids:
- Take the shape of their container.
- Particles are close together but can slide past each other.
-
Gases:
- Have neither a fixed shape nor volume.
- Particles are widely spaced and move freely.
Changes of State
- Melting: a solid changes to a liquid when heat is added.
- Freezing: a liquid changes to a solid when heat is removed.
- Evaporation: a liquid changes to a gas when heat is added.
- Condensation: a gas changes to a liquid when heat is removed.
Composition of Matter
- Elements: the simplest form of matter, consisting of only one type of atom (e.g., hydrogen, oxygen).
- Compounds: made up of two or more different elements chemically bonded together (e.g., water, sugar).
- Mixtures: composed of two or more substances that are not chemically bonded together (e.g., salt and pepper, air).
Definition of Matter
- Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space, making up all objects, living and non-living.
Properties of Matter
- Mass: a measure of the amount of matter in an object, measured in grams (g) or kilograms (kg).
- Volume: a measure of the amount of space occupied by an object, measured in liters (L) or cubic centimeters (cm³).
- Density: the ratio of mass to volume, measured in grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm³), describing how tightly matter is packed in an object.
States of Matter
- Solids:
- Have a fixed shape and volume.
- Particles are closely packed and vibrate in place.
- Liquids:
- Take the shape of their container.
- Particles are close together but can slide past each other.
- Gases:
- Have neither a fixed shape nor volume.
- Particles are widely spaced and move freely.
Changes of State
- Melting: heat is added to a solid, causing it to change to a liquid.
- Freezing: heat is removed from a liquid, causing it to change to a solid.
- Evaporation: heat is added to a liquid, causing it to change to a gas.
- Condensation: heat is removed from a gas, causing it to change to a liquid.
Composition of Matter
- Elements:
- The simplest form of matter.
- Consist of only one type of atom (e.g., hydrogen, oxygen).
- Compounds:
- Made up of two or more different elements chemically bonded together (e.g., water, sugar).
- Mixtures:
- Composed of two or more substances that are not chemically bonded together (e.g., salt and pepper, air).
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Description
Learn about the definition and properties of matter, including mass, volume, density, and state.
