Properties of Matter Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a physical property of a substance?

  • Combustibility
  • Colour (correct)
  • Toxicity
  • Reactivity with acids

A chemical property involves transforming a substance into a new substance.

True (A)

What are the three states of matter?

Solid, liquid, gas

A substance that is ______ has no distinct smell.

<p>odourless</p>
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Match the physical properties with their descriptions:

<p>Colour = Is it black, white, colourless, red, blue, greenish-yellow...? Texture = Is it fine, coarse, smooth, gritty...? Lustre = Is it shiny, dull...? Clarity = Is it clear, cloudy, opaque...?</p>
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Which statement best describes a physical property?

<p>It can be observed without changing the substance. (C)</p>
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The texture of a substance is an example of a chemical property.

<p>False (B)</p>
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Provide an example of a physical property of water.

<p>Clear</p>
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Liquid matter takes the shape of its ______.

<p>container</p>
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Which of the following is NOT a method for observing physical properties?

<p>Burning (B)</p>
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Which state of matter has a definite shape and volume?

<p>Solid (A)</p>
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Gases have a definite volume and take a fixed shape.

<p>False (B)</p>
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Rank the following substances by hardness from least to most: steel nails, chalk, glass, diamond.

<p>chalk, glass, steel nails, diamond</p>
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Gold is known for its __________, which allows it to be hammered into thin sheets.

<p>malleability</p>
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Match the properties with their descriptions:

<p>Hardness = Resistance to scratching Malleability = Ability to be shaped or bent Ductility = Ability to be drawn into wires Brittleness = Tendency to shatter easily</p>
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Which of the following materials is classified as a ductile substance?

<p>Copper (D)</p>
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Aluminum foil is an example of a brittle material.

<p>False (B)</p>
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What occurs when a brittle object is hammered?

<p>It shatters.</p>
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Diamonds are used to cut glass because they are harder than __________.

<p>glass</p>
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What is the primary characteristic of liquids?

<p>Indefinite shape and fixed volume (B)</p>
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Which of the following substances is described as soluble in water?

<p>Salt (C)</p>
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All solids exist in crystalline form.

<p>False (B)</p>
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What is the boiling point of water in Celsius?

<p>100</p>
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The property that describes how easily a liquid flows is called ___.

<p>viscosity</p>
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What does density describe?

<p>The amount of matter per unit volume (D)</p>
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Combustibility refers to a substance's ability to react with oxygen and produce energy.

<p>True (A)</p>
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What is an example of a ductile material besides copper?

<p>Gold or aluminum</p>
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When a substance undergoes a chemical reaction and forms new substances, it is said to have ____ properties.

<p>chemical</p>
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Match the following terms to their definitions:

<p>Ductility = Ability to be stretched into wires Solubility = Ability to dissolve in a solvent Viscosity = Thickness of a liquid Combustibility = Ability to ignite and burn</p>
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Which of the following describes a substance that does not burn?

<p>Nonflammable (B)</p>
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What happens when magnesium metal is added to acid?

<p>It produces bubbles of gas and disappears. (D)</p>
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Gold metal reacts with acid in a similar manner to magnesium.

<p>False (B)</p>
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What is a chemical property of limestone?

<p>It reacts with acid to produce bubbles of gas.</p>
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Metals can be categorized into two groups: __________ and nonmetals.

<p>metals</p>
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Match the metal to its property:

<p>Stainless steel = High stiffness Gold alloy = Medium stiffness Nickel/Titanium alloy = Low stiffness Gold = Does not react with acid</p>
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Which of the following metals is known to have poor springiness?

<p>Nickel/Titanium alloy (B)</p>
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All metals have similar properties suitable for any use.

<p>False (B)</p>
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What are alloys?

<p>Mixtures of different metals.</p>
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The metals used in dental braces must not react with __________.

<p>saliva</p>
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Which of the following statements is true about metals used in airplane parts?

<p>They must not bend easily. (B)</p>
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Which of the following materials is NOT combustible?

<p>Gold (C)</p>
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The ability of a substance to react with acid is a physical property.

<p>False (B)</p>
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What is the chemical property that describes a substance's ability to burn?

<p>Combustibility</p>
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The metal chosen for airplane parts must have specific ______ properties that make it suitable for the task.

<p>physical</p>
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Match the following metals with their primary use:

<p>Copper = Electrical wiring Bronze = Statues and bells Iron = Construction and tools Steel = Construction and vehicles Gold = Jewelry and electronics</p>
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Which of the following metals is NOT a good choice for dental braces?

<p>Lead (B)</p>
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Alloys are mixtures of metals that often have improved properties compared to the individual metals.

<p>True (A)</p>
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What is the main reason why metals have been used for thousands of years?

<p>Their unique and useful properties</p>
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The metal used in dental braces must ______ react with saliva or food chemicals.

<p>not</p>
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Which of the following properties is NOT a consideration for metals used in airplane parts?

<p>Combustibility (C)</p>
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Which of the following materials is known for its ductility, similar to copper?

<p>Gold (A)</p>
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Water has a melting point of 100°C.

<p>False (B)</p>
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What is the term used to describe the ability of a substance to dissolve in a solvent like water?

<p>Solubility</p>
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The property of a liquid that describes how easily it flows is called ______.

<p>Viscosity</p>
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Match the following physical properties with their definitions:

<p>Melting Point = The temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid Boiling Point = The temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas Density = The amount of matter per unit volume Viscosity = The resistance of a fluid to flow</p>
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Which of the following is NOT a chemical property?

<p>Density (D)</p>
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A substance that will not burn is considered nonflammable.

<p>True (A)</p>
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What is the chemical property that describes a substance's ability to react with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, water, and energy?

<p>Combustibility</p>
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Which of the following is an example of a chemical reaction?

<p>Burning wood (A)</p>
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Which state of matter is characterized by having a definite shape and volume?

<p>Solid (D)</p>
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Liquids have a definite volume but no definite shape.

<p>True (A)</p>
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Rank the following substances from least to most hard: steel nails, chalk, glass, diamond.

<p>chalk, steel nails, glass, diamond</p>
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If a solid can be drawn into wires, it is said to be __________.

<p>ductile</p>
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Match each property to its description.

<p>Hardness = Resistance to being scratched Malleability = Ability to be hammered into shapes Ductility = Ability to be drawn into wires Brittleness = Tendency to shatter when hammered</p>
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Which material is known to shatter easily when hammered?

<p>Glass (D)</p>
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All solids are considered ductile.

<p>False (B)</p>
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What is one common use for gold due to its malleability?

<p>Making jewelry or decorative items</p>
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Gases always fill the entire __________ they occupy.

<p>container</p>
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Which of the following substances is most likely to be used for cutting glass due to its hardness?

<p>Diamond (C)</p>
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Which of the following describes a property of matter that does not involve a substance becoming a new substance?

<p>Physical property (C)</p>
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All physical properties of matter can be observed without changing the substance itself.

<p>True (A)</p>
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List the three states of matter.

<p>Solid, liquid, gas</p>
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The ______ of a substance refers to its ability to be hammered into thin sheets.

<p>ductility</p>
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Match the physical property with its description:

<p>Colour = Is it clear, cloudy, opaque...? Texture = Is it fine, coarse, smooth, gritty...? Odour = Is it odourless, spicy, sharp, burnt...? Clarity = Is it shiny, dull...?</p>
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Which physical property is observed when determining if a substance has a strong smell?

<p>Odour (C)</p>
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A solid has a definite shape and volume.

<p>True (A)</p>
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What state of matter takes the shape of its container?

<p>Liquid</p>
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The ability of a substance to dissolve in water is known as its ______.

<p>solubility</p>
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Which of the following would be considered a physical property of a substance?

<p>Its boiling point (C)</p>
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Flashcards

Physical Property

A characteristic of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing the substance's chemical composition.

Texture

The way a substance looks and feels, such as smooth, rough, or bumpy.

Lustre

The way a substance appears under light, such as shiny or dull.

Clarity

The ability of a substance to allow light to pass through it, such as clear, cloudy, or opaque.

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State of Matter

A property of matter that describes its state at room temperature, such as solid, liquid, or gas.

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Solid

A solid has a fixed shape and volume.

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Liquid

A liquid has a fixed volume but takes the shape of its container.

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Gas

A gas has no fixed shape or volume and fills its container.

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Melting

The process of a substance changing from a solid to a liquid.

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Boiling

The process of a substance changing from a liquid to a gas.

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Melting Point

The temperature at which a solid changes into a liquid.

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Boiling Point

The temperature at which a liquid changes into a gas.

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Crystal

A solid material with a regular, repeating pattern of atoms or molecules.

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Solubility

The ability of a substance to dissolve in a liquid (usually water).

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Viscosity

The resistance of a fluid to flow. Thick liquids are more viscous than thin liquids.

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Density

The amount of mass per unit volume of a substance.

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Chemical Property

A characteristic that describes how a substance reacts with other substances.

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Combustibility

The ability of a substance to react with oxygen to produce energy and other products, often involving burning.

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Flammable

A substance that can easily burn or ignite.

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Nonflammable

A substance that will not burn.

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Hardness

A solid's resistance to being scratched or dented.

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Malleability

A solid's ability to be hammered or bent into different shapes.

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Ductility

A solid's ability to be pulled into wires.

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Brittle

A solid that shatters easily when hit or bent.

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Definite Shape

A solid that has a fixed shape, meaning it doesn't change its shape easily.

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Definite Volume

A solid that has a fixed volume, meaning it takes up a specific amount of space.

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Non-Malleable

A material that is not malleable.

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Reaction with acid

A chemical property of a substance that describes its ability to react with acid.

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Alloy

A mixture of two or more metals.

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Stiffness

The ability of a material to resist bending or deforming.

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Springiness

The ability of a material to return to its original shape after being bent or stretched.

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Joinability

The ease with which a material can be joined to another material.

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Combustible material

A material that is easily flammable or burns quickly.

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Limestone

A type of rock that reacts with acid, producing bubbles of gas.

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Metals

A group of elements that are typically shiny, malleable, and good conductors of heat and electricity.

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Study Notes

Properties of Matter

  • Matter's characteristics are crucial for daily choices.
  • Properties are categorized by scientists as physical or chemical.
  • Physical properties describe matter without changing its identity.

Physical Properties

  • Observing matter (seeing, touching, hearing, smelling, tasting) reveals physical characteristics.
  • Physical properties aid in identifying substances.
  • Unlike chemical properties, physical ones don't result in new substances.
  • Examples include color, texture, odor, luster, clarity, and taste.

States of Matter

  • The state of matter (solid, liquid, or gas) is a physical property.
  • Solids have a definite shape and volume.
  • Liquids have a definite volume but take the shape of their container.
  • Gases have neither a definite shape nor volume; they fill their container completely.

Hardness

  • Hardness measures resistance to scratching or denting.
  • Diamond is the hardest known material.
  • Materials vary in hardness; a harder material can scratch a softer one.

Malleability

  • Malleable materials can be hammered or bent into different shapes.
  • Aluminum foil and gold are good examples.
  • Glass, conversely, is not malleable.

Ductility

  • Ductile materials can be drawn into thin wires.
  • Copper is a common ductile material, crucial for electrical wiring.

Melting and Boiling Points

  • Melting point is the temperature at which a solid turns to a liquid.
  • Boiling point is the temperature at which a liquid turns to a gas.
  • These temperatures are characteristic physical properties.
  • Water's melting point is 0°C and boiling point is 100°C.

Crystal Form

  • Some solids crystallize in distinct, regular shapes (e.g., cubes of salt).
  • Crystal structure is a physical property.

Solubility

  • Solubility is a substance's ability to dissolve in a liquid (e.g., water).
  • Solutes dissolve; insoluble substances don't.
  • Salt dissolves in water, but pepper does not.

Viscosity

  • Viscosity describes a liquid's thickness.
  • Syrup is more viscous (flows more slowly) than water.

Density

  • Density is the amount of matter per unit volume.
  • Expressed in kg/m³ or g/cm³.
  • Water has a density of 1.0 g/cm³.

Chemical Properties

  • Chemical properties describe how a substance changes into a new substance.
  • Reactions with other substances or with elements are key.
  • Examples include flammability (ability to burn).
  • Combustible materials react with oxygen to burn.

Combustibility

  • Combustibility describes a substance's ability to react with oxygen and produce energy (light and heat).
  • Flammable substances catch fire easily, like gasoline.
  • Water and some materials are nonflammable.

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