Properties of Hyaline Articular Cartilage Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What type of collagen is the main type found in fibrocartilage?

  • Type 4 collagen
  • Type 3 collagen
  • Type 1 collagen (correct)
  • Type 2 collagen
  • Which type of joints have minimal mobility and contain fibrocartilage between bones?

  • SYN arthroses
  • AMPHI arthroses
  • DI arthroses (correct)
  • None of the above
  • What is the main type of collagen found in hyaline articular cartilage?

  • Type 3 collagen
  • Type 4 collagen
  • Type 2 collagen (correct)
  • Type 1 collagen
  • Which type of joint is surrounded by a fibrous capsule and lined by synovium?

    <p>DI arthroses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to hyaline articular cartilage when it wears out?

    <p>It has poor reparative capacity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which joints are characterized by being mobile and occurring in peripheral limb joints and TMJ?

    <p>DI arthroses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The menisci of the knee are examples of which type of cartilage?

    <p>Fibrocartilage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    "Today, we will focus on the 3rd type of joint" refers to which type of joint?

    <p>DI arthroses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of articular cartilage in a joint?

    <p>To act as a shock absorber</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of water in normal hyaline articular cartilage?

    <p>90%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In osteoarthritis, what happens to the chondrocytes in hyaline articular cartilage?

    <p>They multiply and try to synthesize more matrix molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component gives hyaline articular cartilage its strength and structure?

    <p>Type 2 collagen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of proteoglycans in cartilage?

    <p>To attract water into the cartilage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does hyaline articular cartilage appear radiolucent on X-ray?

    <p>Due to being non-calcified</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the source of nutrients for chondrocytes in hyaline articular cartilage?

    <p>Synovial fluid and subchondral bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'The hydrophilia of the cartilage proteoglycans is crucial.' What does this mean for the cartilage?

    <p>It helps in water absorption keeping the cartilage flexible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do PG aggregates play in the articular cartilage?

    <p>Protect from enzymatic degradation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme targets type 2 collagen arcade?

    <p>Collagenase 1 (MMP 1)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of TIMPS in the articular cartilage?

    <p>Inhibit MMP enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is responsible for targeting proteoglycans in the articular cartilage?

    <p>Stromelysin (MMP 3)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to water content in the articular cartilage during late osteoarthritis?

    <p>Loss of water; dried and dessicated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What confers the property of deformability and the ability to distribute load in a reversible sponge-like fashion in hyaline articular cartilage?

    <p>Proteoglycans containing negatively charged glycosaminoglycans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone helps stimulate cartilage metabolism and synthesis?

    <p>Growth hormone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main factor that tips the balance toward cartilage catabolism in osteoarthritis?

    <p>Cartilage degradation by enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is Chondroitin Sulfate (CS) located in the core protein of proteoglycans in articular cartilage?

    <p>At the superior aspect, or carboxyl end, of the core protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the glycans side chains (GAGs) in proteoglycan monomers?

    <p>Contribute to hydration and deformability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme targets the collagen arcade and is a collagenase?

    <p>Collagenase 1 (MMP 1)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region of the aggrecan PG monomer houses Keratan Sulfate (KS) chains?

    <p>Proximal or amino-terminal of the core protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What allows for the deformability and shock-absorbing effect of hyaline articular cartilage?

    <p>Aggregating proteoglycans (aggrecans)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of the hook or hyaluronic acid binding region (HABR) in proteoglycan aggregates?

    <p>Attaching to hyaluronic acid strands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would be the likely effect on cartilage if it lacked glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)?

    <p>Brittleness and dryness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of the up-regulation of MMP 1 and 13 in severe progressive fibrillation of cartilage?

    <p>Worse fragmentation of collagen network</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does the loss of cartilage PG's have on the water content in osteoarthritis (OA)?

    <p>Decrease in water content</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for the decrease in tensile strength of collagen seen in OA?

    <p>Worse fragmentation of collagen arcade</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of decreased PG aggregates due to cleavage at the CS-6 hook binding region by aggrecanase?

    <p>Decrease in PG aggregates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant finding related to chondrocytes in aging and in OA?

    <p>Increase in apoptosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

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