The Molecules of Cells until page 60 actually starts from page 45 but I took from page 1-60 - Text base question and answer

The spontaneous formation of organic molecules.

The ability to replicate itself.

Nucleic acids.

<p>RNA.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Employing DNA as genetic material, being surrounded by plasma membranes, and using the same basic mechanisms for energy metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The fundamental similarities between different types of cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Life first emerged through the spontaneous formation and polymerization of simple organic molecules in primitive Earth's atmosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Translation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are amphipathic molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Instruction manuals</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To enclose self-replicating RNA and associated molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>spherical, rod-shaped, or spiral</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1 to 10 m</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>rod-shaped with a rigid cell wall and a plasma membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>mitochondria and chloroplasts</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The rough endoplasmic reticulum functions in the processing and transport of proteins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The smooth endoplasmic reticulum functions in the synthesis of lipids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Some common organelles found in both animal and plant cells include the nucleus, cytoskeleton, and Golgi apparatus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Some organelles unique to plant cells include the cell wall, chloroplasts, and large vacuoles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Golgi apparatus functions in further processing and sorting of proteins, as well as lipid synthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Proteins are transported within small membrane vesicles from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Glycolysis is the anaerobic breakdown of glucose to lactic acid. It is important for cells because it provides a mechanism for converting the energy in glucose to ATP, which can then be used as a source of energy for other metabolic reactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The next major evolutionary step is the development of photosynthesis, which allows cells to harness energy from sunlight and become independent of preformed organic molecules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Photosynthesis utilizes energy from sunlight to convert CO2 to organic molecules and release O2 as a by-product. This process is thought to have made O2 abundant in Earth's atmosphere.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Oxidative metabolism, which involves the complete breakdown of glucose to CO2 and H2O, yields much more energy than glycolysis. The complete breakdown of glucose produces 36 to 38 molecules of ATP, compared to the 2 molecules of ATP produced by glycolysis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Genome editing and development of new drugs targeted to interfere with the growth of cancer cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Replace damaged tissues and treat patients suffering from conditions like diabetes, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and spinal cord injuries.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Because it is a rapidly growing field of research.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To understand cell biology.</p> Signup and view all the answers