10 Questions
Which protein is a component of prokaryotic flagella?
Flagellin
Which of the following statements about prokaryotic cells is correct?
They contain 70S ribosomes.
What is the function of the Svedbergs unit (S) in the context of ribosomes?
It indicates the density gradient during centrifugation.
Which organism uses pseudopodia for locomotion?
Amoeba
Which type of ribosome is found in prokaryotic cells?
70S
What is a distinctive feature of the lysosomes in plant cells?
They can destroy worn out organelles.
Which organelle is described as having a 9+2 arrangement of microtubules?
Flagella
What is the primary substance constituting the cell wall of plant cells?
Cellulose
What is the main difference in the development of the Golgi complex between plant and animal cells?
The Golgi complex is well developed in animal cells.
Which characteristic is specific to sap vacuoles in plant cells?
They are central and large, containing water and salts.
Study Notes
Prokaryotic Cell
- A primitive karyon is present, but it lacks a nucleus with a nuclear membrane.
- The DNA in prokaryotic cells is circular and naked, meaning it's not bounded by a nuclear membrane.
- Histone proteins are present, but they do not form a nucleus.
- Membrane-bound organelles such as Golgi, ER, and Lysosomes are absent.
Cell Components
- Ribosomes, the protein factories, are 70S in prokaryotes.
- The S in 70S refers to the Svedberg unit, a measure of the size and shape of the ribosome.
Locomotion
- Prokaryotic cells move using flagella, which are made of the protein flagellin.
- Flagella are also found in some eukaryotes, such as Euglena, Chlamydomonas, and higher animals.
- Amoeba, on the other hand, forms pseudopodia to move.
Eukaryotic Flagella
- Characterized by a 9+2 arrangement of microtubules composed of tubulin
Plant Cell
- Has a cell wall made of cellulose
- Green cells possess chloroplasts or other types of plastids
- Contains a large, central sap vacuole that stores water and salts
- Possesses lysosomes that can break down and destroy worn-out organelles
- Has a well-developed Golgi complex, also known as dictyosomes
- Contains centrioles, which are also found in flagella
Animal Cell
- Has a peripheral and smaller sap vacuole compared to plant cells
This quiz covers the key features of prokaryotic cells, including the nucleus, DNA, organelles, ribosomes, and locomotion. It also touches on the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
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