Prokaryotic Cell Division Processes

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Questions and Answers

What is the initial step in bacterial cytokinesis?

  • Recruitment of cell division proteins
  • Contracting of the FtsZ ring
  • Distribution of FtsZ throughout the cytoplasm (correct)
  • Formation of DNA replication forks

Which protein forms a ring on the inner surface of the cytoplasmic membrane during bacterial cytokinesis?

  • FtsA
  • MreB
  • ZipA
  • FtsZ (correct)

When does the FtsZ ring contract during bacterial cytokinesis?

  • After DNA replication (correct)
  • During DNA replication
  • Simultaneously with DNA replication
  • Before DNA replication

What does the theta structure represent in prokaryotic DNA replication?

<p>Bidirectional replication (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why can some rapidly growing bacterial cells end up without DNA?

<p>The DNA replication time is shorter than the cell cycle time (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What induces FtsZ filamentation in bacterial cytokinesis?

<p>Cell-cycle cue (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is responsible for the nucleation of both nuclear and cytoplasmic microtubules in budding yeast?

<p>Spindle pole body (SPB) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which type of organisms does the nuclear envelope remain intact throughout mitosis?

<p>Unicellular organisms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of Golgi-derived vesicles in cell division?

<p>Transport of cell wall material (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the early embryonic cycles that involve division without growth?

<p>Cycles without growth (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic difference between the cell division of somatic cells and early embryonic cycles?

<p>Division with growth (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does the nuclear envelope need to break down in open mitosis?

<p>To allow spindle access to chromosomes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of cohesin in the cell cycle?

<p>Prevents separation of sister chromatids (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is responsible for encircling loops of DNA and compressing sister chromatids during chromosome condensation?

<p>Condensin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it crucial for the nuclear membrane to breakdown early in mitosis?

<p>To allow the spindle to access the chromosomes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which event marks the beginning of mitosis?

<p>Chromosome condensation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the kinetochore during mitosis?

<p>Attaches to the centromere of chromosomes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does condensin contribute to chromosome structure during cell division?

<p>Encircles DNA loops and compresses sister chromatids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process known as when DNA replication is initiated before completion of the previous round?

<p>Multifork replication (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is multifork replication essential in ensuring successful completion of at least one round of replication before cytokinesis?

<p>To ensure faithful segregation of chromosomes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phase of the eukaryotic cell cycle involves growth, doubling the mass of organelles, and synthesis of enzymes for DNA replication?

<p>G1 phase (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens in the G0 phase of the cell cycle?

<p>Terminally differentiated cells never divide again (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it crucial for liver cells to exit G0 and enter the cell cycle when new liver cells are needed?

<p>To ensure the liver can regenerate when damaged (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phase of the eukaryotic cell cycle involves chromosome duplication?

<p>S phase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must mother cells do to ensure asymmetric cell division?

<p>Segregate cell fate determinants and position the plane of division (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of stem cell division in relation to niche cells?

<p>Blocks differentiation but allows cell division (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of density-dependent inhibition in cell division?

<p>Inhibits cell division once cells contact each other (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of P granule segregation in the development of Caenorhabditis elegans?

<p>Drives formation of germ cells through RNA-protein complex (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many cells are there in an adult hermaphrodite of Caenorhabditis elegans?

<p>959 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an essential requirement for many animal cells to divide, according to the text?

<p>Attachment to a substratum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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