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Questions and Answers
What elements are revealed by the X-ray data for the fungal microcolony?
What elements are revealed by the X-ray data for the fungal microcolony?
- Iron and copper
- Manganese and iron (correct)
- Iron and zinc
- Manganese and copper
What shapes do most single-celled prokaryotes come in?
What shapes do most single-celled prokaryotes come in?
- Spherical (correct)
- Cylindrical
- Cubical
- Pyramidal
What is the simplest shape for a single-celled prokaryote?
What is the simplest shape for a single-celled prokaryote?
- Cuboid
- Sphere (correct)
- Pyramid
- Cylinder
What does the X-ray analysis of the surrounding rock reveal?
What does the X-ray analysis of the surrounding rock reveal?
What are the two types of prokaryotic cell division processes mentioned in the text?
What are the two types of prokaryotic cell division processes mentioned in the text?
In which type of cell division does the mother cell produce two daughter cells while maintaining symmetry throughout?
In which type of cell division does the mother cell produce two daughter cells while maintaining symmetry throughout?
What is the result of budding in prokaryotic cell division?
What is the result of budding in prokaryotic cell division?
What is the process undergone by Actinobacteria resulting in the simultaneous formation of numerous unicellular rods?
What is the process undergone by Actinobacteria resulting in the simultaneous formation of numerous unicellular rods?
What is the name of the smaller daughter cells produced by Cyanobacteria during cell division?
What is the name of the smaller daughter cells produced by Cyanobacteria during cell division?
In which bacterium can bud formation be repeated as long as nutrients are available for growth?
In which bacterium can bud formation be repeated as long as nutrients are available for growth?
How do scientists determine cell component composition?
How do scientists determine cell component composition?
What method is used to separate and purify cell components for studying subcellular features?
What method is used to separate and purify cell components for studying subcellular features?
How are the fine structure and ultrastructure of microbial cells observed?
How are the fine structure and ultrastructure of microbial cells observed?
What does density gradient centrifugation use to separate cell fractions?
What does density gradient centrifugation use to separate cell fractions?
What can be done with the separated and purified cell fraction?
What can be done with the separated and purified cell fraction?
What is the primary function of prokaryotic genome?
What is the primary function of prokaryotic genome?
What is the structure of prokaryotic DNA?
What is the structure of prokaryotic DNA?
What are plasmids in prokaryotic cells?
What are plasmids in prokaryotic cells?
What is the molecular weight range of prokaryotic DNA?
What is the molecular weight range of prokaryotic DNA?
What is the appearance of DNA in prokaryotic cells?
What is the appearance of DNA in prokaryotic cells?
What is the role of plasmids in prokaryotic cells?
What is the role of plasmids in prokaryotic cells?
How is genetic material transferred between prokaryotes?
How is genetic material transferred between prokaryotes?
What is the appearance of released DNA from prokaryotic cells?
What is the appearance of released DNA from prokaryotic cells?
What is the role of ribosomes in prokaryotic cells?
What is the role of ribosomes in prokaryotic cells?
What is the hereditary material in prokaryotic cells?
What is the hereditary material in prokaryotic cells?
What is the structure used for material identity and purity checks in prokaryotic cells?
What is the structure used for material identity and purity checks in prokaryotic cells?
Where are ribosomes commonly found in prokaryotes?
Where are ribosomes commonly found in prokaryotes?
What is the mass of the prokaryotic 70S ribosome?
What is the mass of the prokaryotic 70S ribosome?
What is the composition of the shell of gas vesicles?
What is the composition of the shell of gas vesicles?
Which antibiotics disrupt ribosome activity in bacteria but have no adverse effects on Archaea?
Which antibiotics disrupt ribosome activity in bacteria but have no adverse effects on Archaea?
What is the function of gas vesicles in prokaryotes?
What is the function of gas vesicles in prokaryotes?
What is the mass of the eukaryotic 80S ribosome?
What is the mass of the eukaryotic 80S ribosome?
What is the main constituent of the interior of gas vesicles?
What is the main constituent of the interior of gas vesicles?
What is the sedimentation coefficient of bacterial and archaeal ribosomes?
What is the sedimentation coefficient of bacterial and archaeal ribosomes?
What is the shape of gas vesicles?
What is the shape of gas vesicles?
What do eukaryotic ribosomes consist of?
What do eukaryotic ribosomes consist of?
What is the most common type of bacterial cell division?
What is the most common type of bacterial cell division?
How are gas vesicles isolated from bacteria and archaea?
How are gas vesicles isolated from bacteria and archaea?
How do prokaryotes maintain their shapes during asexual reproduction?
How do prokaryotes maintain their shapes during asexual reproduction?
What prevents water from entering gas vesicles?
What prevents water from entering gas vesicles?
What is the shape of unicellular bacteria that includes rods?
What is the shape of unicellular bacteria that includes rods?
What is the mass of the small 30S subunit in prokaryotic ribosomes?
What is the mass of the small 30S subunit in prokaryotic ribosomes?
Which type of bacteria form long filaments with branches, creating a network called a mycelium?
Which type of bacteria form long filaments with branches, creating a network called a mycelium?
What is the term for the multicellular shapes exhibited by cyanobacteria, with cells having specialized functions?
What is the term for the multicellular shapes exhibited by cyanobacteria, with cells having specialized functions?
How do multicellular prokaryotes with trichomes divide?
How do multicellular prokaryotes with trichomes divide?
What precedes septum formation in binary transverse fission?
What precedes septum formation in binary transverse fission?
What is the term for the less common form of cell division among prokaryotic organisms?
What is the term for the less common form of cell division among prokaryotic organisms?
What happens in budding, a less common form of cell division among prokaryotic organisms?
What happens in budding, a less common form of cell division among prokaryotic organisms?
In which axis does a septum form in binary transverse fission?
In which axis does a septum form in binary transverse fission?
What is the term for the network created by long filaments with branches in actinobacteria?
What is the term for the network created by long filaments with branches in actinobacteria?
What shape is included in the unicellular bacteria variations?
What shape is included in the unicellular bacteria variations?
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Study Notes
Prokaryotic Cell Division and Structure
- Bacteria and Archaea grow and divide along one axis, resulting in chains of cells of various lengths.
- Shapes of unicellular bacteria include cocci, rods, helices, and variations like prosthecae.
- Actinobacteria are multicellular, forming long filaments with branches, creating a network called a mycelium.
- Cyanobacteria exhibit multicellular shapes like trichomes, with cells having specialized functions.
- Prokaryotes maintain their shapes during asexual reproduction through binary transverse fission or budding.
- Binary transverse fission is the most common type of bacterial cell division, resulting in two separate cells.
- In binary transverse fission, a septum is formed along the transverse axis of the original cell, and DNA replication precedes septum formation.
- Multicellular prokaryotes with trichomes divide by transverse fission, ultimately separating into two separate trichomes.
- Budding, or bud formation, is a less common form of cell division among prokaryotic organisms.
- In budding, a small protuberance forms on the mother cell and enlarges as growth proceeds.
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