Project Management in IT

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of needs analysis in system development?

To gather information to consider while evaluating the system (correct)

To identify the functional areas that will use the system

To evaluate the success of the proposed system

To design the joint program for the system

Who should be part of the task force formed for system development?

Representatives from different departments and IT (correct)

Only systems analysts and users

Only IT department representatives

Only top management and technical advisors

What is the outcome of a joint program design?

A detailed agenda for the task force

A final document containing system definitions (correct)

A list of potential users of the system

A visual aid for the system design

Why is it important for users to understand the 4 W's?

To understand the capabilities of the system Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of a feasibility study?

To assess the practicality of the system Signup and view all the answers

During needs analysis, what should be considered in relation to the organisation's strategic goals?

How the system will support the organisation's goals Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of a joint program design?

Collaborative activity among task force members Signup and view all the answers

Who are considered external users of a system?

Non-employees who will use the system Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a Request for Proposal (RFP) document?

To compare different vendor bids for equipment and services Signup and view all the answers

Which implementation alternative involves the organisation's team developing the system internally?

Insourcing Signup and view all the answers

What is a key consideration when using a single vendor to supply all components?

The vendor's lack of knowledge in all areas of business Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the 'Task to be performed' phase?

Implementing the system design requirements Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of a self-sourcing implementation alternative?

End users design their own system with minimum or no input from IT Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of the system design phase?

To align the system with organisational goals Signup and view all the answers

Which implementation method involves running the old and new systems simultaneously for a short period?

Parallel Signup and view all the answers

What is a major drawback of the parallel implementation method?

It is very expensive and requires the old system to be operational Signup and view all the answers

Which implementation method involves stopping the old system and starting the new one immediately?

Plunge Signup and view all the answers

What is a key benefit of the phased-in-phased-out implementation method?

It can be effective in accounting and finance Signup and view all the answers

Which implementation method involves introducing the new system to a limited area of the organisation?

Pilot Signup and view all the answers

What is a key risk associated with the plunge implementation method?

There are problems with the new system Signup and view all the answers

Which implementation method is suitable for organisations that require a gradual transition?

Phased-in-phased-out Signup and view all the answers

What is a key consideration when choosing an implementation method?

The risk associated with the new system Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Implementing Tasks

Purchase of new equipment
Appointment of new employees
Training of employees
Planning and design of physical layout
Coding
Testing
Design security measures and safeguards
Create a disaster recovery plan

Request for Proposal

A written document with detailed specifications used for bidding
Contains detailed functional, technical, and business requirements information
Compares different bids
Convenient to use a single vendor to supply all components
Consider that the vendor might not have knowledge for all areas of the business

Implementation Alternatives

Insourcing: Organisation's team develops the system internally
Self-sourcing: End-users design their own system with minimum or no input from IT
Outsourcing: Organisation appoints an external supplier or consultant who specialises in development services

Implementation Methods

Parallel: Old and new systems run simultaneously for a short time to ensure the new system works
Phased-in-phased-out: Each module is phased in and the old one phased out until the whole system is operational
Plunge: Stop the old system and start using the new one
Pilot: New system is introduced to a limited area of organisation, and if it functions correctly, it is implemented in the rest of the organisation

Planning Questions

Why is the system being developed?
Who are the current and future users of the system?
Is the system new, an upgrade, or an extension of the current system?
Which functional areas (departments) are going to use the system?

Needs Analysis

Information to be considered by the analyst includes:
- Organisation's strategic goals
- How the proposed system will support these goals
- Factors critical for the success of the proposed system
- Criteria for evaluating the proposed system

Task Force

Should have representatives from different departments, including IT, systems analysts, technical advisors, and top management
Joint program design is a collective activity of task force members
Structured workshop where everyone comes together to develop the program
Result is a final document containing definitions of the planned system

User Feedback

Users should understand the 4 W's:
- Why is the system being designed?
- Who is going to use the system?
- When will the system be operational?
- What kind of capabilities will the system provide

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Description

This quiz covers the implementation phase of a project, including purchasing new equipment, hiring employees, training, and planning the physical layout. It also involves coding, testing, and designing security measures and disaster recovery plans.