Project Management Basics Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of a schedule in project management?

  • To communicate final deadlines (correct)
  • To increase overall project costs
  • To ignore resource needs
  • To provide entertainment for the team

    • Sequences of activities in project management are done haphazardly without planning.

    False

    What does WBS stand for in project management?

    Work Breakdown Structure

    Tasks should be broken down into sizes that are __________ to assign to one person.

    <p>assignable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following elements of schedule management with their descriptions:

    <p>Define activities = Identify activities needed to complete WBS items Sequence activities = Determine the order of task execution Estimate activity resources = Identify what is needed to accomplish activities Estimate activity durations = Assess required effort for task completion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is essential for a mental health case patient management system?

    <p>Only authorized medical staff may access patient information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The wilderness weather station is designed to collect data about weather conditions in urban areas.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one safety feature that a mental health case patient management system should offer.

    <p>Warning about potentially suicidal or dangerous patients.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _______ model is an example of a general process model in software development.

    <p>waterfall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following tools to their category:

    <p>Diagramming = Documentation Tools Python = Programming Languages Eclipse = Integrated Development Environment JUnit = Testing Framework</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is NOT a phase in the software process?

    <p>Documentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The design and implementation phase only focuses on defining the system's requirements.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main activities involved in software processes?

    <p>Specification.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of web-based systems?

    <p>They must be delivered incrementally due to complex requirements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Users purchase web software upfront rather than paying according to usage.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the dominant approach for constructing web-based systems?

    <p>Software reuse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Web-based systems are complex __________ systems.

    <p>distributed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a fundamental principle that applies to all types of software systems?

    <p>Dependability and performance are important.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their descriptions:

    <p>Cloud Computing = Provision of software services remotely Prototyping = Creating models for user feedback AJAX = Technology for rich web interfaces Managed Process = Systematic approach to development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Web interfaces are constrained by the capabilities of operating systems.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of system is an automobile control system classified as?

    <p>ROM, No UI prototyping</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the agile method of software development?

    <p>Stakeholders are involved in version evaluation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In agile development, outputs are predetermined before development begins.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major challenge in agile methods concerning customer involvement?

    <p>Keeping customers interested.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A plan-driven approach to software engineering is based around separate development __________.

    <p>stages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following elements to their descriptions:

    <p>Agile method = Inter-leaved specification, design, and implementation Plan-driven development = Separate planned stages with defined outputs Iteration = Occurs within activities in development Stakeholders = Involved in version evaluation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a problem associated with agile methods?

    <p>Maintaining simplicity requires more effort</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Agile methods do not support software maintenance.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one key issue regarding the maintainability of systems developed using agile approaches?

    <p>Minimizing formal documentation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key feature of the Cleanroom Approach in software development?

    <p>Reliability through formal methods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Software testing in the Cleanroom process is conducted without statistical analysis.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the core activities of the software development ecosystem?

    <p>Requirements, Design &amp; Implementation, Validation, Evolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the Cleanroom method, when quality standards are not met, development returns to the ______ phase.

    <p>design</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following software development methodologies with their characteristics:

    <p>Waterfall = Linear and sequential approach Spiral = Risk-driven model with iterative cycles Agile = Emphasizes flexibility and customer feedback RAD = Focuses on rapid application development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs when an increment fails to meet quality standards in the Cleanroom Approach?

    <p>Return to the design phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Project management focuses solely on the budget and does not consider time schedules or quality.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of a project?

    <p>A temporary endeavor to create a product, service, or result with a definite beginning and end.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the possible developer interpretations of the term 'search'?

    <p>Search for a patient name in an individual clinic after choosing the clinic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Complete and consistent requirements are always achievable in practice.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are non-functional requirements?

    <p>Constraints on services, functions, or the overall architecture of the system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The system shall implement patient privacy provisions as set out in ______.

    <p>HStan-03-2006-priv</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the types of requirements with their characteristics:

    <p>Product requirement = Availability and uptime during working hours Organizational requirement = User authentication using health authority identity card External requirement = Compliance with patient privacy regulations Non-functional requirement = Constraints affecting the entire system architecture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a non-functional requirement?

    <p>The PMS shall be available to all clinics during normal working hours.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Non-functional requirements are generally less critical than functional requirements.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a complete requirements document include?

    <p>Descriptions of all facilities required.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Software Processes and Agile Methods

    • Software Engineering is the design, modification, or development of artifacts using appropriate theories and methods, while considering organizational and financial constraints.
    • Software includes computer programs and associated documentation. It can be developed for a specific customer or for a general market.
    • Software engineering is the discipline overseeing all stages of software production, from specification to maintenance.
    • Essential software attributes include maintainability, dependability, security, efficiency, and acceptability.
    • Software processes involve high-level activities such as specification, development, validation, and evolution.

    Fundamentals of Software Engineering

    • Software engineering principles apply to all types of software systems.
    • Different types of systems require different tools and techniques.
    • Software engineers have societal and professional responsibilities, going beyond technical issues.
    • Professional societies provide standards of conduct.

    Building Good Software

    • Developing good software requires more than just programming.
    • Essential skills include strong software management and personnel skills.
    • Modern software needs to consider ongoing technological advancements and changes in business needs.
    • Even well-designed systems can develop issues.

    Software Product Categories

    • Generic products are marketed to any customer.
    • Customized products are commissioned to meet a specific client's needs.

    Software Costs

    • Software costs often outweigh hardware costs, especially in long-term systems.
    • Maintenance costs tend to be greater than initial development costs for systems with an extended lifespan

    State of Software and Software Engineering

    • Software underpins economies worldwide.
    • Dependence on software-controlled systems continues to grow in all areas.

    Software Engineering - History

    • 1968- marked a turning point for addressing software project failures.
    • 1970-1980- period focused on techniques like structured programming and object-oriented development.

    The Software Crisis

    • Software project failures are common due to factors like insufficient user involvement, late delivery, excessive costs.

    Software Engineering Activities

    • Software specification is the first step in defining what the software system should do and what constraints surround its operation and development.
    • Software development is concerned with translating the requirements into code.
    • Software validation is the process of checking the software to ensure it meets the stated requirements.
    • Software evolution, or maintenance, is modifying the software in response to changing customer or market needs.

    Ethical Issues in Software Engineering

    • Ethical responsibility requires more than just legal compliance.
    • Confidentiality, competence, respect for intellectual property, and awareness of computer misuse are key concepts in software engineering ethics.
    • The ACM/IEEE Software Engineering Code of Ethics governs practitioners' behavior.

    Software Process Models

    • Waterfall model - distinct phases with sequential progression.
    • Incremental development – iterative development, with each iteration adding functionality.
    • Reuse-oriented development that utilizes existing components.
    • Spiral model - iterative approach where risks are analyzed at each step.
    • Agile methodologies emphasize flexibility in responding to change. Methods such as Scrum and XP are common agile approaches.

    Tools Used by Software Engineers

    • Tools for documentation, diagramming, programming languages, integrated development environments, and testing frameworks are essential.

    Application Types

    • Stand-alone, interactive, embedded control, batch processing, systems for entertainment, modeling and simulation, data collection, and systems of systems are different types of applications.

    Software Evolution

    • Software is inherently flexible and can change as business needs and technical aspects evolve.
    • Although initial development and maintenance may appear distinctly different, they are increasingly considered parts of a similar process.
    • Software evolution is often a significant portion of a software's overall lifecycle cost and effort.

    Plan-Driven and Agile Processes

    • Plan-driven processes are structured and plan the whole operation in advance. Agile processes tend to be more flexible to meet evolving requirements.

    Software Evolution Processes

    • The evolution phases of a system or software product.
    • Considerations for changing environments and requirements.

    Designing and Implementing Software

    • Architectures – the way software is divided into modules, components or components.
    • Models – ways of showcasing interactions among the elements of the system.
    • Object oriented design, a style that focuses on 'objects' as the key elements.
    • Design process – moving from initial ideas to an executable system through iterative refinement and review stages.
    • Design Concepts - the concepts of structuring a system (for example, modularity).

    Software Testing

    • Testing – demonstrating that the software meets its requirements, a step by step verification process.
    • Unit testing – testing individual components to find initial defects.
    • Interface testing – testing exchanges of information and data between parts of the system.
    • System testing – testing the whole integrated system for its functionalities.
    • Regression testing – re-testing a program or software system after changes to confirm that the changes have not introduced defects to other parts of the system
    • Static testing, assessing for any structural issues
    • Test Planning - an organized method to ensure that every part of the process is well covered.

    Testing Strategies

    • Testing strategies – plan of action.
    • Test-driven development – creating tests before implementing code.
    • Common testing faults – typical shortcomings.

    Software Configuration Management (SCM)

    • Managing changes during the software development process.
    • Managing different versions and changes appropriately.

    Software Project Management

    • Project management strategies for managing a project given different perspectives.

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    Software Engineering FINALS 2024 PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on essential project management concepts including scheduling, WBS, and software process phases. This quiz covers key principles and tools used for effective project and patient management systems. Ideal for students and professionals looking to reinforce their understanding of project management.

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