Project Development Approach and Lifecycle

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Questions and Answers

Match the following development approaches with their characteristics:

Predictive = Well-defined phases with a clear scope Hybrid = Combination of predictive and adaptive methods Adaptive = Flexible and iterative development Iterative = Repeated cycles of development and feedback

Match the following project life cycle phases with their descriptions:

Initiation = Defining the project and obtaining approvals Planning = Developing a roadmap for project execution Execution = Implementing the project plans and delivering results Closure = Finalizing all activities to formally close the project

Match the following terms with their meanings in a project context:

Deliverable = A tangible output produced during the project Exit Criteria = Conditions that must be met before moving to the next phase Stakeholder = An individual or group affected by the project Cadence = The rhythm or timing of project progress and activities

Match the following project aspects with their corresponding project variables:

<p>Product Variables = Characteristics that affect deliverable quality Organizational Variables = Factors that influence project governance Business Value = The benefit derived from project outcomes Stakeholder Value = The satisfaction or benefit to stakeholders</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following delivery methods with their usage in a project lifecycle:

<p>Sequential Delivery = Delivering project phases one after another Concurrent Delivery = Simultaneous development of multiple phases Iterative Delivery = Returning to previous phases for improvements Phased Delivery = Releasing project components in stages</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the project deliverable with its corresponding delivery cadence:

<p>Building = Single delivery Senior services = Multiple deliveries Website = Periodic deliveries Community action patrol training = Multiple deliveries</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the development approach with its appropriate deliverable:

<p>Predictive = Building Iterative = Senior services Adaptive = Website Incremental = Community action patrol training</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the phase of the project life cycle with its main focus:

<p>Start Up = Business case approval Plan = Detailed design creation Execution = Deliverable production Closure = Project completion</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the feedback mechanism to its iteration:

<p>Iteration 1 = Feedback Backlog Iteration 2 = Feedback Prioritization Iteration 3 = Feedback Assessment Iteration 4 = Feedback Implementation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the project performance domain with its corresponding method:

<p>Adaptive Development = Minimize resource waste Kanban Scheduling = Lean principles Just-In-Time = Efficiency Incremental Development = Small scale improvements</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the term with its appropriate description:

<p>Delivery Cadence = Frequency of deliverables Feedback Backlog = Collection of comments Prioritization = Ranking of tasks Exit Criteria = Conditions to leave a phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the component of the adaptive development approach with its stage:

<p>Iteration = Repeated cycles of development Feedback = Adjustments based on stakeholder input Backlog = List of pending tasks Prioritization = Determining order of importance</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the project life cycle component with its description:

<p>Business Case = Justification for project initiation Project Charter = Authorization document Roadmap = High-level plan Resource Requirements = Personnel and materials needed</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the delivery types with their descriptions:

<p>Single delivery = Deliveries are concluded before project completion Multiple deliveries = Deliveries may include various components Periodic deliveries = Internal deliveries occur at regular intervals Continuous delivery = Features are delivered immediately to customers</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the development approaches with their characteristics:

<p>Predictive approach = Plan-driven, with a focus on upfront specifications Adaptive approach = Flexible and iterative, allowing for changes during development DevOps = Integrates development and operations for faster delivery #noprojects = Focuses on continuous flow instead of traditional project phases</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following project management approaches with their characteristics:

<p>Predictive Approach = Deployment after full development Adaptive Approach = Iterative development with feedback Incremental Approach = Progressively deliver features Iterative Approach = Try different ideas to clarify scope</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the types of project deliveries with their examples:

<p>Single delivery = New process rollout at project end Multiple deliveries = Preclinical submissions for drug development Periodic deliveries = Releasing updates every two weeks Continuous delivery = Using small batches of work for immediate releases</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following project deliverables with their development strategies:

<p>Community Center Senior Services = Incremental development of individual services Community Action Patrol Training = Complete after all modules are deployed Transportation Service = Developed after senior services Group Outings and Events = Follow-up iteration after service establishment</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the terms with their definitions:

<p>Stable project teams = Teams focused on one product over time Learning about the product = Understanding market trends and stakeholder needs Value delivery = Providing customers with beneficial features Development cycles = Phases of creating and maintaining a product</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following concepts with their definitions:

<p>Feedback and Adaptation = Process of incorporating user input into development Iterative Development = Cycles of development involving repeated improvements Incremental Development = Adding features progressively Hybrid Approach = Combination of adaptive and predictive methods</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the terms related to delivery options with their key aspects:

<p>Physical barriers = Example of multiple deliveries for security updates New badges = Component of security update deliveries Key code pads = Another element of multiple deliveries Feature increments = Aspect of continuous delivery in digital products</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following project management terms with their examples:

<p>Adaptive Approach = Using feedback to refine project outcomes Incremental Approach = Basic training followed by logistics training Predictive Approach = Planning and executing to a fixed scope Iterative Approach = Exploring various ideas before settling on a path</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the delivery types to their workflow characteristics:

<p>Single delivery = Sequential delivery at project end Multiple deliveries = Non-sequential deliveries developed separately Periodic deliveries = Regular schedules for internal releases Continuous delivery = Ongoing delivery of new features</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terminologies with their main focus:

<p>Incremental Development = Focusing on one complete feature at a time Adaptive Development = Flexibility to change based on feedback Predictive Framework = Rigorous upfront planning and execution Iterative Cycle = Repeating cycles to improve versions</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the project approaches with their intended results:

<p>Iterative = Clarifying scope and requirements Incremental = Providing usable products over time Adaptive = Responding to changes swiftly Predictive = Delivering a fully finished product at once</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the project management themes with their practices:

<p>Stable teams = Better response to market trends Value-focused approach = Directs efforts towards stakeholder benefits Learning application = Improves team adaptability to changes Product-focused teams = Enhances focus on customer satisfaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the delivery practices with their contexts:

<p>Continuous Digital = Employs automation technology for deliveries Periodic releases = Activities that occur on defined timelines Market responsiveness = Ability to adapt based on market feedback Development-oriented aspects = Emphasizes process improvement and iteration</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following project features with their characteristics:

<p>Community Services = Deployed individually as they are completed Volunteer Training Program = Complete after all integrated modules Senior Services Implementation = Consists of several interrelated offerings Transportation Services = Dependent on successful establishment of senior services</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following project management styles with their attributes:

<p>Adaptive = Responsive and flexible Incremental = Feature by feature delivery Iterative = Cyclic and progressive adjustments Predictive = Linear and pre-defined trajectory</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following phases with their respective activities in the Community Center Life Cycle:

<p>Planning = Community Center Construction Development = Website Development and Deliveries Testing = Community Action Patrol Training Launch = Community Center Open</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the Senior Service Releases with their respective focuses:

<p>Release 1 = Basic Training Release 2 = Logistics Training Release 3 = Patrol Training Release 4 = Integration</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions related to the project:

<p>Milestone = A significant event in a project Deliverables = Outputs produced during a project Community Center = A facility for community services Increments = Progressive stages in project development</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the steps in the Community Center Life Cycle with their order:

<p>Start Up = Initiating the project Review = Assessing progress Deploy = Implementing the website Close = Finalizing the project</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the modules to their respective training focuses:

<p>Module 1 = Basic Training Module 2 = Logistics Training Module 3 = Patrol Training Module 4 = Integration</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following components to their role in the project:

<p>Community Action Patrol = Ensuring community safety Service Iterations = Iterative improvement of services Website Release = Launching the community portal Construction Phase = Building the center structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their associated locations within the Community Center structure:

<p>Community Center Life Cycle = Overall project framework Website Release = Digital presence for the community Senior Service Releases = Segmented service offerings Community Action = Engagement and outreach initiatives</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following project management tools with their usage in the life cycle:

<p>Planning Tool = Defines the roadmap Review Tool = Evaluates project status Testing Tool = Ensures quality control Deployment Tool = Facilitates the launch process</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions:

<p>Deliverable = Required to be produced to complete a process, phase, or project. Development Approach = A method used to create and evolve the product, service, or result during the project life cycle. Cadence = A rhythm of activities conducted throughout the project. Project Life Cycle = The series of phases that a project passes through from its start to its completion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the types of project deliverables with their characteristics:

<p>Single Delivery = One set of deliverables is provided at the end of the project. Multiple Deliveries = Multiple sets of deliverables are provided at various stages. Periodic Deliveries = Deliverables are provided at regular intervals throughout the project. Incremental Delivery = Deliverables are provided in small, manageable parts over time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the development approaches with their descriptions:

<p>Predictive = A development approach focused on thorough planning before execution. Iterative = A development approach that revisits and refines deliverables through repeated cycles. Incremental = A development approach that delivers the project in parts over time. Adaptive = A development approach that adjusts based on feedback and changing requirements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the project phases to their characteristics:

<p>Initiation = The phase where the project is defined and authorized. Planning = The phase focused on outlining how the project will be executed. Execution = The phase where project deliverables are created and completed. Closure = The phase where project deliverables are finalized and assessed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the terms with their expected outcomes:

<p>Effective execution = Optimized project outcomes and stakeholder value. Delivery cadence = Timing and frequency of project deliverables. Logically related activities = A collection of activities that culminate in a deliverable. Project life cycle = Facilitates the process from project start to completion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the development phases with their significance:

<p>Preparation = Ensures readiness for successful execution. Execution = Involves carrying out the project plan. Monitoring = Ensures project stays on track with goals. Closure = Finalizes all project activities and documentation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the development approaches with their specific methodologies:

<p>Hybrid = Combines elements of both predictive and adaptive methodologies. Agile = Emphasizes flexibility and iterative progress. Waterfall = A linear method with distinct phases. Scrum = A framework for managing complex projects with iterative sprints.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the terms with their related concepts:

<p>Stakeholder Value = The benefits that project stakeholders receive. Project Deliverables = Tangible or intangible outcomes produced by the project. Project Activities = Tasks undertaken in a project to achieve its goals. Project Timeline = The schedule outlining when project activities will occur.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Development Approach

A method used to create a product, service, or result during the project lifecycle, like predictive, iterative, or adaptive.

Deliverable

Something that must be produced to complete a phase or project.

Cadence

The rhythm of activities in a project.

Project Phase

A group of related project tasks leading to one or more deliverables.

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Project Life Cycle

The series of phases a project goes through from start to finish.

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Delivery Cadence

Timing and frequency of project deliverables (single, multiple, or periodic).

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Project Deliverables depend on

The type of project deliverable(s) determines how it can be developed; the type of deliverable(s), development approach, and desired delivery cadence determine the project lifecycle.

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Relationship between Development Approach, Cadence, and Lifecycle

The type of deliverable, development approach, and delivery cadence determine the project life cycle and its phases.

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Single delivery project

A project that completes a single, final deliverable at the end.

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Multiple delivery project

A project that involves multiple, sequential deliverables to complete the project.

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Periodic delivery

A project that involves multiple, often frequent, but pre-determined deliveries.

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Continuous delivery

A continuous flow of small, incremental deliverables, usually through automation and small batches of work.

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Predictive approach

A project management approach that plans and executes the entire project in advance.

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Adaptive approach

A project management approach that adapts as the project evolves, adjusting to changes and uncertainties.

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Project team stability

Maintaining a consistent project team allows the team to learn about the product, stakeholders, and market, improving effectiveness in value delivery.

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Iterative development

A cyclical process where features and functions are developed and refined in small increments, enabling early feedback and adjustments.

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Incremental development

A phased approach where deliverables are completed and deployed independently, providing value early and progressively.

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Hybrid approach

Combining different development methodologies, like using adaptive for some deliverables and predictive for others.

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What type of project would benefit from an adaptive approach?

Projects with high uncertainty, evolving requirements, or frequent changes in the environment would benefit from an adaptive approach.

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What type of project would benefit from an iterative approach?

Projects needing early feedback loops, rapid prototyping, and flexibility in design would benefit from an iterative approach.

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What type of project would benefit from an incremental approach?

Projects where deliverables can be deployed independently and provide value progressively would benefit from an incremental approach.

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When is a hybrid approach useful?

A hybrid approach is beneficial when multiple deliverables have different characteristics, requiring different development strategies.

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Adaptive Development Approach

A method used to manage projects where the process adjusts to changing circumstances, often using iterations and feedback loops.

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Project Vision

A clear statement about the desired outcome, benefits, and goals of a project.

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Iteration

A cycle in adaptive development, where a portion of the project is completed, reviewed, and improved before moving to the next cycle.

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Feedback Loop

A process of gathering information about a completed project phase, analyzing it, and using it to improve the next phase.

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Backlog Prioritization

The process of ranking tasks or features in order of importance and urgency for each iteration.

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Life Cycle Phases

Distinctive stages in a project's journey from start to finish, each having its own goals and deliverables.

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Start-Up Phase

The initial phase of a project where the project plan, team, and resources are established.

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Plan Phase

A detailed planning phase where the high-level project plan is broken down into specific tasks and milestones.

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What decides the project lifecycle?

The type of project deliverables, the chosen development approach, and the desired delivery cadence all determine the project lifecycle and its phases.

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What makes a good project life cycle?

A good project life cycle has clear phases that connect the delivery of business and stakeholder value from start to finish, ensuring each phase has proper exit criteria.

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How do development approaches fit into the lifecycle?

The chosen development approach (predictive, hybrid, or adaptive) should be consistent with the project deliverables, reflecting the product and organizational variables.

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How does cadence affect the lifecycle?

The planned cadence for development, testing, and deployment is reflected in the project life cycle phases. Projects with varied deliverables often have overlapping or repeating phases.

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What's the benefit of a consistent project team?

Having a stable project team allows for a deeper understanding of the product, stakeholders, and the market, leading to more effective value delivery.

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Community Center Life Cycle

A series of phases that a community center goes through from its initial planning and development to its eventual closure.

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Study Notes

Development Approach and Life Cycle Performance Domain

  • This domain focuses on activities and functions related to the development approach, cadence, and life cycle phases of a project
  • Effective execution results in development approaches aligned with project deliverables, a project life cycle with phases connecting business/stakeholder value from start to finish, and a project life cycle that facilitates delivery cadences and development approaches for deliverables

Deliverables

  • Unique, verifiable products, results, or service capabilities needed to complete a process, phase, or project
  • Required to complete a process, phase, or project

Development Approach

  • A method for creating and evolving a product/service/result during a project life cycle
  • Methods include: predictive, iterative, incremental, adaptive, and hybrid

Cadence

  • Rhythm of project activities throughout the project
  • Regularity of project activities

Project Phase

  • Group of logically related project activities culminating in a deliverable's completion
  • Set of tasks within the project that are grouped together

Project Life Cycle

  • The series of phases from project initiation to completion
  • Ordered sequence of phases

Development, Cadence, and Life Cycle Relationship

  • Project deliverable type dictates the method
  • Development approach and desired delivery cadence affect life cycle and phases

Delivery Cadence

  • Timing & frequency of project deliverables
  • Includes: single delivery, multiple deliveries, or periodic deliveries

Single Delivery

  • Deliver project results at project end
  • For instance, a process reengineering project might have deliveries only at the end

Multiple Deliveries

  • Projects with components delivered at different project times
  • Examples include: development of a new drug - preclinical test, trials etc.

Periodic Deliveries

  • Fixed delivery schedule like monthly/bimonthly
  • For example, a new software application can have internal deliveries per two weeks and periodic releases to the market

Continuous Delivery

  • Delivering feature increments to customers immediately
  • Often using automation technology
  • Emphasis on benefits/value throughout a product's life cycle

Development Approaches

  • Predictive, Hybrid, Adaptive

Predictive Approach

  • Useful when project/product requirements are defined initially
  • Often referred to as a Waterfall Approach
  • Suitable when risk is high and requires frequent process reviews, change control mechanisms and replanning

Hybrid Approach

  • Combination of predictive and adaptive approaches
  • Useful when requirements are uncertain or where deliverables can be de-modularized or done by different teams
  • More adaptive than a predictive approach

Adaptive Approach

  • Useful for projects with requirements subject to high uncertainty and changes
  • Often entails iterative and incremental approaches
  • More agile and useful for changing requirements

Life Cycle and Phase Definitions

  • The type/number of phases depends on many variables including delivery cadence and development approach
  • Examples of phases:
    • Feasibility: Determines if a business case is valid and if the organization can deliver
    • Design: Includes planning and analysis to create deliverables
    • Build: Construction of deliverable with quality assurance
    • Test: Final quality review and inspection before transition/acceptance
    • Deploy: Project deliverables put into use
    • Close: Project closure, knowledge & artifacts archived, and contracts closed

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PMBOK 7th Edition PDF - Development Approach

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