Lecture 2 - Procurement 101: Definition, Process & Importance

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Questions and Answers

What percentage of work is typically completed before a portion of the payment is held back until the client is satisfied?

25% (correct)

50%

10%

75%

What is the primary purpose of implementing penalty clauses and warranty conditions?

To ensure that delivered goods are of good quality and meet the agreed terms (correct)

To ensure timely delivery of goods

To reduce the cost of production

To improve the communication between buyer and supplier

What is the term for the action taken when the organization sends out signals of material shortages?

Follow-up and evaluation

Routine status check

Advanced status check

Exception expediting (correct)

What is the primary benefit of E-procurement in terms of paperwork?

Virtual elimination of physical paperwork Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of E-auction where the supplier determines the price?

Forward auction Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical cost reduction resulting from E-auctions?

5% to 40% Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of a professional buyer in the procurement process?

To act as a facilitator for the supply process Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between organizational buying behavior and consumer buying behavior?

Organizational buying involves more rational decision-making Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the 'five rights' of procurement?

To ensure the right quality, quantity, time, price, and source of goods Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the purchasing department in the organization?

To support internal customers in defining purchasing specifications Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of industrial buying behavior?

Derived demand Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the supplier selection process?

To determine the best supplier for the organization's needs Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the contract in the procurement process?

To ensure the supplier meets the organization's needs Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of expediting and evaluation in the procurement process?

To monitor the supplier's performance Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of e-procurement?

To increase the efficiency of the procurement process Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the preliminary qualification of suppliers in the procurement process?

To identify potential suppliers and create a bidder's list Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Procurement Definition and Importance

Procurement is interchangeably used with terms such as purchasing, sourcing, and supply management
The five rights of procurement include: right quality, right quantity, right time, right price, and right source

Organizational Buying vs. Consumer Buying

Organizational buying involves companies, governmental organizations, and institutions that need products to feed, support, and maintain their primary and supporting processes
Buying process includes determining procurement needs, selecting the supplier, agreeing to proper price, terms and conditions, issuing the contract or order, and following up to ensure a proper delivery and payment
Consumer buying involves individuals striving for immediate satisfaction of their needs, with a derived demand

Procurement Process

The procurement process includes determining specifics, selecting supplier, contracting, ordering, expediting, and evaluation
The added value of a professional buyer lies in their ability to act as a facilitator for the supply process
Procurement process timeline includes internal customer, determining specifics, selecting supplier, contracting, ordering, expediting, and evaluation

Elements of the Linear Procurement Process Model

Internal customer
Determining specifics
Selecting supplier
Contracting
Ordering
Expediting and evaluation
Follow-up and evaluation

Procurement Situations

Supplier selection
Determining the method of subcontracting
Preliminary qualification of suppliers and drawing up the bidder's list
Preparation of the quests for quotation and analysis of the bids received
Selection of the supplier
Negotiation and contracting

Purchase Agreement

Prices and terms of delivery
Terms of payment
Penalty clauses and warranty conditions
Different price arrangements available: fixed-price + incentive fee contract, cost-plus contract, cost-reimbursable contract, and agreement with price-adjustment

The Ordering Process

Purchase order specification includes quality specifications, logistics specifications, maintenance specification, legal and environmental requirements, and target budget
Expediting includes exception expediting, routine status check, and advanced status check

E-Procurement

Benefits of e-procurement include virtual elimination of physical paperwork, reduced time between need recognition and order release and receipt, improved communication, reduction in errors, reduction in overhead costs, and reduction in P.O and invoice processing times
Three types of e-procurement solutions: electronic marketplaces, electronic auctions, and electronic catalog and ordering systems

Bottlenecks and Problems in Procurement

Supplier or brand specification
Inadequate supplier selection
Personal relationships
Lack of good contractual agreements
Too much emphasis on price
Poor admin
Delivery problems - risk of transport

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Description

Test your knowledge of procurement and its significance in business. Learn about the linear procurement process model, e-procurement, and the five rights of procurement. Identify the major bottlenecks in procurement and understand the differences between organizational and consumer buying behavior.