Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the key characteristic of probability sampling?
What is the key characteristic of probability sampling?
- Only specific groups are included in the sample.
- All members have the same likelihood of being chosen. (correct)
- Selection is based on human judgment.
- Members are selected based on convenience.
What is a disadvantage of systematic sampling?
What is a disadvantage of systematic sampling?
- It is only suitable for large populations.
- It is too random and lacks structure.
- It does not require a sampling frame.
- It may introduce bias if the interval aligns with patterns. (correct)
Stratified random sampling involves dividing the population based on which factors?
Stratified random sampling involves dividing the population based on which factors?
- The available resources for sampling.
- The size of the sample needed.
- Geographical location only.
- Characteristics such as age or gender. (correct)
Which sampling method would be characterized as non-probability sampling?
Which sampling method would be characterized as non-probability sampling?
A researcher selects every 4th participant based on a random start. This technique is known as:
A researcher selects every 4th participant based on a random start. This technique is known as:
Which of the following is a qualitative research method most suitable for non-probability sampling?
Which of the following is a qualitative research method most suitable for non-probability sampling?
What is a primary concern when using convenience sampling?
What is a primary concern when using convenience sampling?
In stratified random sampling, what is the purpose of creating strata?
In stratified random sampling, what is the purpose of creating strata?
Which sampling technique is most likely to involve judgment in selecting participants?
Which sampling technique is most likely to involve judgment in selecting participants?
A method that relies heavily on social networks for participant recruitment is referred to as:
A method that relies heavily on social networks for participant recruitment is referred to as:
What is a defining characteristic of stratified random sampling?
What is a defining characteristic of stratified random sampling?
Which of the following best describes multistage cluster random sampling?
Which of the following best describes multistage cluster random sampling?
When is probability sampling considered appropriate?
When is probability sampling considered appropriate?
What is a major limitation of convenience sampling?
What is a major limitation of convenience sampling?
What is the purpose of quota sampling?
What is the purpose of quota sampling?
In what situation is network (snowball) sampling most useful?
In what situation is network (snowball) sampling most useful?
How does systematic random sampling differ from simple random sampling?
How does systematic random sampling differ from simple random sampling?
What is a drawback of using multistage cluster sampling in a widely distributed population?
What is a drawback of using multistage cluster sampling in a widely distributed population?
Which of the following implies a convenience or judgment-based selection of respondents?
Which of the following implies a convenience or judgment-based selection of respondents?
Which of the following methods can lead to a less representative sample of a population?
Which of the following methods can lead to a less representative sample of a population?
Which sampling method ensures that every member of the population has a known chance of being selected?
Which sampling method ensures that every member of the population has a known chance of being selected?
What distinguishes stratified sampling from other sampling methods?
What distinguishes stratified sampling from other sampling methods?
Which of the following best describes systematic sampling?
Which of the following best describes systematic sampling?
In cluster sampling, what is done after forming the clusters?
In cluster sampling, what is done after forming the clusters?
What is the key limitation of convenience sampling?
What is the key limitation of convenience sampling?
How does probability sampling differ from non-probability sampling?
How does probability sampling differ from non-probability sampling?
What is the primary advantage of using stratified sampling?
What is the primary advantage of using stratified sampling?
Which sampling method could be least appropriate for conducting a survey on a specialized medical condition?
Which sampling method could be least appropriate for conducting a survey on a specialized medical condition?
What is a common misconception regarding cluster sampling?
What is a common misconception regarding cluster sampling?
Which situation is an example of systematic sampling?
Which situation is an example of systematic sampling?
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Study Notes
Probability Sampling
- Simple random sampling:
- Each member of the population has an equal chance of being selected.
- Requires a comprehensive sampling frame.
- Can be done using SPSS, online random sample generators, or a table of random numbers.
- Systematic sampling:
- Involves selecting every nth individual after a random starting point.
- The interval between selections should be fixed and not correspond with any patterns in the population.
- Stratified random sampling:
- Divides population into subgroups based on a specific characteristic, like age, gender, or socioeconomic status.
- A random sample is then selected from each subgroup.
- Multistage cluster random sampling:
- Used when the population is geographically dispersed.
- Involves dividing the population into clusters, then randomly selecting clusters and sampling within those clusters.
- Clusters are assumed to be similar to each other and to the overall population.
###Â Nonprobability Sampling
- Convenience sampling:
- Selection based on ease of access.
- Often used as a preliminary method, but can be prone to bias.
- Quota sampling:
- Convenience sampling with quotas for demographic characteristics.
- Aims to achieve proportions found within the population, but does not involve random selection.
- Purposive sampling:
- Respondents are handpicked based on their perceived representativeness of the population.
- Can be useful for specific situations where a particular type of participant is required.
- Network (snowball) sampling:
- Used when locating respondents with specific characteristics is difficult.
- The researcher finds initial respondents and asks them to recommend others.
- Respondent driven sampling:
- Similar to snowball sampling, but respondents are incentivized to recruit other participants, increasing the likelihood of reaching hidden populations.
###Â Sampling Considerations
- Target population: the overall group of interest.
- Accessible population: the subset of the target population that's reachable.
- Sampling frame: a list of members of the accessible population, used for selecting the sample.
- Sample: the individuals chosen from the accessible population to participate in the study.
- Sampling methodology: the approach used to select the sample, influencing the representativeness of the results.
- Sampling unit: the individual, household, or other unit selected in the sampling process.
- Sampling bias: systematic error resulting from a non-random selection method, compromising the accuracy of the findings.
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