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The Reformation
The Reformation
Led by Martin Luther, it challenged the Roman Catholic Church, emphasizing individual faith and salvation through the Bible.
Early Protestantism
Early Protestantism
Emphasized individual spiritual experience and salvation through faith alone, without needing church intermediaries.
Anglican Church's Establishment
Anglican Church's Establishment
Officially separated from the Catholic Church during Henry VIII's reign but maintained aspects of the old church while adopting Protestant principles.
Study Notes
- Printing spread everywhere.
- Initially, presses printed religious books like Bibles and sermons.
- Gradually, more secular books were introduced, including romances and travel narratives.
- By the 1530s, printed pamphlets cost the same as a loaf of bread.
- A copy of the New Testament cost the same as labor's daily wage.
- Culture shifted from listening to reading and writing.
- A literary culture emerged around the printing press
- The agenda was driven by demand and profit, not religious or political beliefs.
The New Religion
- The Reformation, led by Martin Luther (1483-1546), challenged the foundations of the Roman Catholic Church.
- Protestantism was based on individual's spiritual experience for salvation.
- Faith and the Bible were enough to be saved.
- Salvation was seen as a direct connection with God.
- Protestantism was an extreme form of Renaissance individualism in Northern Europe.
- It later created its form of institutionalism, such as the theocracy by John Calvin (1509-1564).
- England broke with the Catholic Church during Henry VIII's reign.
- The new Anglican Church, led by the monarch, kept old characteristics but adopted Protestant ideas.
- This led to a mix of politics and religion, which caused debates for years.
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