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Questions and Answers
Questions and Answers
Analyzing the historical development of media, which form is considered the oldest due to its direct link to the emergence of the printing press?
Analyzing the historical development of media, which form is considered the oldest due to its direct link to the emergence of the printing press?
- Print media (correct)
- Digital/New media
- Broadcast media
- Social media
Considering the evolution of Philippine newspapers, which publication holds the distinction of being the first newspaper established by the Spanish in 1811?
Considering the evolution of Philippine newspapers, which publication holds the distinction of being the first newspaper established by the Spanish in 1811?
- THE MANILA TIMES
- LA SOLIDARIDAD
- DEL SUPERIOR GOVIERNO (correct)
- The Philippine Reforms
When examining the different types of print media, what is the primary purpose of a brochure?
When examining the different types of print media, what is the primary purpose of a brochure?
- To offer research-oriented articles and scholarly discussions.
- To publish fictional stories and non-fiction reference works.
- To introduce a company, product, or service and inform potential customers. (correct)
- To provide daily news updates and correspondence.
Evaluating the significance of books in media history, what distinguishes books as the very first mass media in human history?
Evaluating the significance of books in media history, what distinguishes books as the very first mass media in human history?
Considering the evolution of broadcast media in the Philippines, who introduced the first TV Broadcast in 1953?
Considering the evolution of broadcast media in the Philippines, who introduced the first TV Broadcast in 1953?
Analyzing the characteristics of digital/new media, what defines these forms of media?
Analyzing the characteristics of digital/new media, what defines these forms of media?
Applying the concept of media convergence, what scenario best illustrates this phenomenon?
Applying the concept of media convergence, what scenario best illustrates this phenomenon?
When evaluating digital information sources, which aspect of the CAFAR criteria focuses on whether the content presents all sides of an issue and multiple points of view?
When evaluating digital information sources, which aspect of the CAFAR criteria focuses on whether the content presents all sides of an issue and multiple points of view?
Understanding intellectual property, what is the primary purpose of a 'patent'?
Understanding intellectual property, what is the primary purpose of a 'patent'?
Considering the different types of plagiarism, which type involves replacing synonyms of an author's work while maintaining the same meaning and overall structure?
Considering the different types of plagiarism, which type involves replacing synonyms of an author's work while maintaining the same meaning and overall structure?
Which of the following would NOT typically be covered by copyright?
Which of the following would NOT typically be covered by copyright?
In the context of evaluating internet sources, what aspect of authorship is important to consider regarding the author's credentials?
In the context of evaluating internet sources, what aspect of authorship is important to consider regarding the author's credentials?
How does 'Fair Use' limit copyright holders' rights?
How does 'Fair Use' limit copyright holders' rights?
What is the main function of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)?
What is the main function of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)?
Which of the following is an example of an economic right granted under copyright?
Which of the following is an example of an economic right granted under copyright?
What is the primary characteristic of an 'Industrial design' as a type of intellectual property?
What is the primary characteristic of an 'Industrial design' as a type of intellectual property?
How do Creative Commons licenses differ from traditional 'all rights reserved' copyright?
How do Creative Commons licenses differ from traditional 'all rights reserved' copyright?
When considering 'Indigenous Knowledge,' which characteristic is consistently present?
When considering 'Indigenous Knowledge,' which characteristic is consistently present?
What is the core concept behind 'netiquette'?
What is the core concept behind 'netiquette'?
Considering legal issues in media, which Philippine law directly addresses intellectual property rights?
Considering legal issues in media, which Philippine law directly addresses intellectual property rights?
Questions and Answers
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Flashcards
Flashcards
Newspaper
Newspaper
Printed publications, usually issued daily or weekly, consisting of folded unstapled sheets containing news, features, ads, and correspondence.
The Manila Times
The Manila Times
The oldest newspaper in the Philippines, established on October 11, 1898.
Del Superior Govierno
Del Superior Govierno
The first newspaper in the Philippines, established in 1811 by the Spanish.
Comics
Comics
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The Monkey and the Tortoise
The Monkey and the Tortoise
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Books
Books
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Doctrina Christiana
Doctrina Christiana
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Brochure
Brochure
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Magazines
Magazines
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Broadcast Media
Broadcast Media
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Television
Television
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Judge Antonio Quirino
Judge Antonio Quirino
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Radio
Radio
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KZKZ Radio station
KZKZ Radio station
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Film
Film
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Social Media
Social Media
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Media Convergence
Media Convergence
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Library
Library
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WIPO
WIPO
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Intellectual Property
Intellectual Property
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Flashcards
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Study Notes
Study Notes
Types of Media
- Print Media refers to physically distributed materials published using paper and ink through a mechanical printing process, making it the oldest form of media.
- Newspapers are printed publications, usually daily or weekly, consisting of folded, unstapled sheets containing news, feature articles, advertisements, and correspondence.
- The Manila Times is the oldest newspaper in the Philippines, established on October 11, 1898.
- Del Superior Govierno, the first newspaper in the Philippines, was established in 1811 by the Spanish.
- La Solidaridad contains Philippine Reforms.
- Comics communicate ideas through images, often combined with text.
- Famous Filipino comics writers include Carlo J. Caparas (known for Panday, Totoy Bato, Joaquin Bordado) and Mars Ravelo (known for Darna, Captain Barbell, Lastikman, Dyesebel).
- The Monkey and the Tortoise by Jose Rizal is considered the first comic book in the Philippines.
- Books are regarded as the first mass media in human history, consisting of printed pages glued or sewn together and bound in covers, covering various topics from fiction to reference.
- The Bible has the most printed copies.
- Doctrina Christiana was the first printed book in the Philippines.
- The Christian Bible is the best-selling book of all time.
- Brochures are small magazines containing pictures and information about products or companies, designed to be folded into a template, pamphlet, or leaflet. They are primarily promotional documents used to introduce a company, organization, products, or services and inform potential customers or the public about benefits. Examples include Avon, Tupperware, Personal Collection, and various travel and tourism brochures.
- Magazines are periodical publications with articles and illustrations, typically focusing on a specific subject or area.
- National Geographic is one of the most famous magazines globally.
- FHM, YES, and COSMOPOLITAN are well-known magazines in the Philippines.
Broadcast Media
- Broadcast Media reaches target audiences using airwaves as the transmission medium.
- Television is a system that transmits visual images and sound reproduced on screens, mainly for entertainment, information, and education programs. Judge Antonio Quirino introduced the first TV broadcast in the Philippines in 1953.
- Radio is electronic equipment used for listening to radio broadcasts. KZKZ Radio station was the first AM radio station established by Americans in 1924.
Digital/New Media
- Digital/New Media requires digital tools for access, with content organized and distributed on digital platforms.
- Film consists of recorded moving pictures shown in cinemas or on television. Film is an important cultural artifact, reflecting societal desires, ideologies, and sensibilities. Avatar is the highest-selling movie of all time.
- Social media is computer-based technology that facilitates sharing ideas, thoughts, and information through virtual networks and communities. It is internet-based, providing quick electronic communication of personal information, documents, videos, and photos. Facebook is the highest-grossing social media platform.
Media Convergence
- Media Convergence occurs when two or more media sources combine, allowing media texts to be produced and distributed across multiple digital devices. It enables the transformation of different media into digital code, making them accessible via various devices.
- Examples of convergence include:
- Books: E-books, print on demand (POD).
- Newspapers: Mobile application versions, online versions, online publishing.
- Magazines: Custom publishing.
- Film: Movement from print to television (or vice versa), advertorials, concept movies, sequels, remakes, franchises, adaptations from tele-drama or comic books, and video game remakes.
- Radio: Tele-radio, internet-based radio, and podcasting.
Media and Information Sources
- Library is a place with a collection of literary, musical, artistic, or reference materials such as books, manuscripts, recordings, or films, kept for use rather than sale. Libraries offer various sources despite not being as readily accessible as the internet.
- Four major types of libraries:
- Academic Libraries serve colleges and universities, like the Bodleian Library at the University of Oxford.
- Public Libraries serve cities and towns, like the Bacolod City Public Library.
- School Libraries serve students and teaching personnel, like the CSAB Library.
- Special Libraries are in specialized environments such as hospitals, corporations, museums, private businesses, and governments, like the CCP Library and Archives.
- Resources/services libraries offer include:
- Books: Educational textbooks, fictional works like Harry Potter.
- Magazines: Preferred by visual learners due to enticing graphics; examples include Time, Newsweek, and National Geographic.
- Newspapers: Provide news articles on current happenings and timely issues.
- Journals: Research-oriented articles.
- Maps: Visual representations of geographical information.
- Digital Sources: Digital information sources like CDs, tapes, and films.
- Indigenous Sources refer to understandings, skills, and philosophies developed by societies with long histories of interaction with their natural surroundings. This knowledge underpins agriculture, food preparation, healthcare, education, and conservation.
- Characteristics of Indigenous Knowledge: oral tradition, information stored in memories, face-to-face information exchange, and information contained within the community's borders.
- Examples of Indigenous Knowledge include:
- Traditional Medicines and Health Care: The TINGGUIAN practice DAWAK ritual for couples to bear children, UD-UDONG ritual to free sick people from spirits, and the Dumagat group's belief in putting ashes on a newborn's umbilical cord to assist healing.
- Traditional Agriculture: Indigenous groups adhere to traditional farming practices despite modern technological advancements.
- Traditional Cultural Expressions: Music and dances for rituals and festivities, literature in legends, chants, proverbs, and riddles, and weaving as a visual representation of cultures, including textiles, mats, baskets, and rattan furniture.
- Related Genetic Resources: The Philippines' natural resource richness allows for diverse variations of agricultural products, such as rice.
- World Wide Web (WWW) is an information system where various forms of information can be accessed with ease, allowing for easy retrieval and universal access.
- Open-Collaborative Sources are generated by user and moderator contributions and collaboration, serving as preliminary data for verification (e.g., Wikipedia).
- Social Media is used for interacting with networks and accessing information needed by families and friends.
Evaluating Internet Sources: CAFAR
- Currency: Check if information is current and updated, looking for a publication date or last update.
- Author: Identify who created the content, their credentials, expertise, and publisher. Verify if the author's name and contact information are visible.
- Fairness: Assess if the content is balanced, presents all sides of an issue, includes various points of view, and is free of biases.
- Accuracy: Determine if the content is grammatically correct, verifiable, and cited. Check if information is accurate, verifiable, and if sources are referenced.
- Relevance: Evaluate if the content is relevant to your topic or research, if its purpose meets your needs, and identify the intended audience.
Legal, Ethical, and Societal Issues in Media and Information
- World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) is a global forum for intellectual property services, policy, information, and cooperation. It promotes and protects intellectual property worldwide through state cooperation and the administration of various intellectual property treaties.
- Intellectual Property refers to creations of the mind, such as inventions, literary and artistic works, designs, symbols, names, and images used in commerce.
- Copyright is a legal term describing creators' rights over literary and artistic works.
- Common protected works include novels, poems, plays, news articles, architecture, films, musical compositions, choreographies, maps, technical drawings, and photographs.
- Copyright does not cover ideas, procedures, methods of operation, mathematical concepts, titles, slogans, or logos.
- Two types of rights under copyright: Economic rights (allowing owners to derive financial reward from others' use of their works) and Moral rights (protecting the author's non-economic interests).
- Copyright Infringement is a copyright violation.
- Registering copyright helps resolve ownership disputes, facilitates financial transactions, and aids in rights transfer.
- Patent is an exclusive right granted for an invention, allowing the owner to decide how it can be used.
- Trademark is a sign that distinguishes goods or services of one enterprise from others. The TM symbol indicates an unregistered trademark, while the R symbol indicates a registered and legally protected trademark.
- Industrial Design constitutes the ornamental or aesthetic aspect of an object/article, including three-dimensional features (shape, surface) or two-dimensional features (patterns, lines, color).
- Geographical Indications and Appellations of Origin are signs used on goods with a specific geographical origin and qualities essentially attributable to that place.
- Fair Use limits copyright holders' rights to reproduce works for a limited time, promoting freedom of expression by permitting unlicensed use of copyrighted works under certain circumstances. Common examples include student projects, teacher instruction materials, and sound/video clips used in classrooms.
- Legal Sharing Using Creative Commons (CC) enables copyright holders to easily change copyright terms from "all rights reserved" to "some rights reserved." CC licenses are based on four conditions: attribution (by), Share alike (sa), non-commercial (nc), and no derivatives (nd).
- Public Domain works can be used, adapted, copied, and published without restrictions or permission.
- Other Issues in Media and Information:
- Plagiarism is using or closely imitating another author's language and thoughts without authorization or crediting the original author.
- Direct plagiarism involves copying ideas without citing them.
- Self-plagiarism is using one's own previous work in a new context without citing it.
- Mosaic plagiarism involves replacing synonyms while maintaining the original meaning and structure.
- Accidental plagiarism is paraphrasing someone's work without proper credit, forgetting to cite, or misquoting sources.
- Cyberbullying is an offensive action using electronic technology.
- Internet addiction is excessive or compulsive internet use.
- Digital divide is an economic inequality in access, use, or knowledge of information and communications technology (ICT) among groups.
- Netiquette combines "net" (internet) and "etiquette" (rules of polite behavior), referring to proper conduct when using the internet.
- Virtual Self depicts how individuals present themselves when interacting online.
- Digital Footprint is the trail of data created while using the internet.
Laws to Remember
- RA 10175: Cybercrime Prevention Act and Cybercrime Law
- RA 8293: Intellectual Property Code of the Philippines
- RA 8371: The Indigenous Peoples' Rights Act of 1997
- SB 1492: Anti-Fake News Law
- RA 10627: Anti-Bullying Act of 2013
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