Principles of Medical Laboratory Science Practice 1

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Questions and Answers

What should students be able to describe regarding the profession of Medical Laboratory Science?

The profession's historical foundation, code of ethics, and its impact on health care and society.

What does the Medical Laboratory Science curriculum prepare students for?

The Philippine Medical Technology Board Exam and relevant international licensure examinations.

Which bodies oversee the Profession of Medical Laboratory Science?

National and international bodies that have functional responsibilities.

What dual role does the clinical laboratory serve?

As a health care workplace and as a training site for the Medical Technology Internship program. Signup and view all the answers

What is characterized in the Clinical Chemistry section?

Its historical development and the services it offers. Signup and view all the answers

What should be described in the Microbiology section?

The routine tests carried out inside the Microbiology section. Signup and view all the answers

What types of organisms are enumerated in the study of Parasitology?

Various classes of medically important parasites. Signup and view all the answers

Who traced the beginning of medical technology to as early as 1550 BC?

Vivian Herrick Signup and view all the answers

What ancient medical text contains the first documented records of intestinal parasitic infection?

Ebers papyrus Signup and view all the answers

Which Hindu physician described diabetes as characterized by the passage of large amounts of urine?

Sushruta Signup and view all the answers

What ancient Greek physician is known as the 'father of medicine'?

Hippocrates Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following terms refers to the four humors described by Hippocrates?

Black bile Signup and view all the answers

Galen described diabetes as 'diarrhea of urine'.

True Signup and view all the answers

What practice involved analyzing urine specimens during the medieval period?

Uroscopy Signup and view all the answers

Who performed tests at the University of Bologna in the 14th century?

Alessandra Gillani Signup and view all the answers

Who is regarded as the father of modern anatomic pathology?

Marcello Malpighi Signup and view all the answers

Who established the world's first pathology laboratory?

Rudolf Virchow Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Course Overview: Principles of Medical Laboratory Science Practice 1

Designed for Bachelor of Science in Medical Laboratory Science students at SLU's School of Nursing, Allied Health, and Biological Sciences.
Focuses on practical and theoretical aspects of medical laboratory science.

Course Learning Outcomes

Profession Understanding:
- Describe the foundation and history of Medical Laboratory Science.
- Understand the profession’s code of ethics relevant to the national context.
- Analyze the impact of Medical Laboratory Science on healthcare and society.
Curriculum and Examinations:
- Discuss the Medical Laboratory Science curriculum.
- Familiarize with the Philippine Medical Technology Board Exam and international licensure options for Medical Laboratory Scientists.
Regulatory Bodies:
- Identify national and international organizations governing Medical Laboratory Science.
- Characterize the functional responsibilities of these organizations.
Clinical Laboratory Setting:
- Understand the clinical laboratory as both a healthcare workplace and training site for Medical Technology internships.
Clinical Chemistry Section:
- Detail the historical development of the Clinical Chemistry section.
- Identify the services provided by this section within the laboratory.
Microbiology Section:
- Describe the Microbiology section and its significance in medical laboratory practice.
- Enumerate routine microbiology tests commonly performed.
Parasitology:
- Classify various species of medically significant parasites.
- Understand the role of Parasitology in medical diagnoses and treatment.

Early Beginnings

Vivian Herrick highlights the origin of medical technology back to 1550 BC through the Ebers papyrus, the oldest Egyptian medical text.
The Ebers papyrus documented intestinal parasitic infections caused by Ascaris lumbricoides and Taenia species.
Sushruta, a Hindu physician from 600 BC, described diabetes as the condition characterized by excessive urine production, noting the sweet taste of urine that attracted ants.
Hippocrates, the "father of medicine" (300 BC), introduced the concept of four humors which he associated with personality traits and disease causation, suggesting that imbalances led to illness.
- Blood (sanguis): Courageous, hopeful, playful
- Yellow bile (khole): Ambitious, easily angered
- Black bile (melaina khole): Melancholic, analytical
- Phlegm (phlegma): Calm, patient
Hippocrates concluded that bubbles, blood, and pus in urine indicated kidney disease and chronic illnesses.
He advocated a treatment approach consisting of drugs, surgery, and bloodletting.
Galen (180 AD) referred to diabetes as “diarrhea of urine” and established a link between fluid intake and urine volume.

Medieval Period (1098-1438)

Ruth Williams suggests that medical technology significantly advanced during the medieval period.
The practice of uroscopy (diagnosis by water casting) became widespread, with urinalysis leading to public scrutiny of physicians' practices.
Patients often submitted urine samples in decorative flasks, and neglecting to examine these samples could result in public beatings for physicians.

14th Century

Anna Fagelson dates the profession's beginnings to the 14th century with Alessandra Gillani's contributions.
Gillani worked at the University of Bologna, performing lab tests before dying from a laboratory-acquired disease in 1326.

Onset of Modern Medical Technology

Marcello Malphigi is celebrated as one of the early microscopists, known for his work in embryology and the physiology of glands, earning him the title of founding father of modern anatomic pathology.
Rudolf Virchow is recognized as the father of microscopic pathology and established the first pathology laboratory, emphasizing the observable characteristics of diseases and infections.

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Description

This quiz covers the essential principles outlined in Module 1 of Medical Laboratory Science Practice. It is designed to assess your understanding and application of key concepts relevant to the field. Prepare to dive into various topics that shape the foundational knowledge necessary for a career in medical laboratory sciences.