Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following scenarios best exemplifies the principles of participatory democracy?
Which of the following scenarios best exemplifies the principles of participatory democracy?
- A city-wide referendum where all citizens vote on whether to approve a new public transportation project. (correct)
- Elected officials making policy decisions based on the advice of a panel of experts.
- Lobbyists from various industries meeting with legislators to advocate for specific policy changes.
- A small group of wealthy donors heavily influencing a political campaign through large contributions.
In a pluralist democracy, how is policy typically shaped?
In a pluralist democracy, how is policy typically shaped?
- Through direct voting on every potential law by all citizens.
- Through the dominance of a single, powerful interest group.
- By the decisions of a small group of elite policymakers and leaders.
- By balancing the competing interests and influences of various groups. (correct)
Which of the following actions would most likely violate the ideals of elite democracy?
Which of the following actions would most likely violate the ideals of elite democracy?
- Allowing political action committees (PACs) to contribute unlimited amounts of money to political campaigns. (correct)
- Establishing independent regulatory agencies to oversee campaign finance laws.
- Implementing campaign finance reforms that limit individual and organizational contributions.
- Increasing transparency requirements for political donations and spending.
How did the Declaration of Independence influence later movements and documents?
How did the Declaration of Independence influence later movements and documents?
Which weakness of the Articles of Confederation contributed most directly to Shay's Rebellion?
Which weakness of the Articles of Confederation contributed most directly to Shay's Rebellion?
Which of the following was a key strength of the Articles of Confederation?
Which of the following was a key strength of the Articles of Confederation?
What was the primary concern that led to the call for a new constitutional convention after the Articles of Confederation?
What was the primary concern that led to the call for a new constitutional convention after the Articles of Confederation?
What is the relationship between the debates about “excessive democracy” and tyranny, the challenge addressed by the creation of a limited government with checks and balances?
What is the relationship between the debates about “excessive democracy” and tyranny, the challenge addressed by the creation of a limited government with checks and balances?
Which Enlightenment idea posits that governmental authority ultimately derives from the people's consent?
Which Enlightenment idea posits that governmental authority ultimately derives from the people's consent?
In the context of Enlightenment philosophy, what is the primary purpose of a 'social contract'?
In the context of Enlightenment philosophy, what is the primary purpose of a 'social contract'?
Which principle directly addresses the potential for governmental tyranny by ensuring its powers are not absolute?
Which principle directly addresses the potential for governmental tyranny by ensuring its powers are not absolute?
Which of the following best describes the Enlightenment view of human nature as understood by the Framers?
Which of the following best describes the Enlightenment view of human nature as understood by the Framers?
Which concept from Enlightenment thinkers is embodied in the idea of 'unalienable rights'?
Which concept from Enlightenment thinkers is embodied in the idea of 'unalienable rights'?
Which Enlightenment thinker argued that life without government would be a state of anarchy?
Which Enlightenment thinker argued that life without government would be a state of anarchy?
How do separation of powers and checks and balances, as components of limited government, prevent potential abuses of power?
How do separation of powers and checks and balances, as components of limited government, prevent potential abuses of power?
How did the Framers' understanding of political conflict influence the structure of the government they created?
How did the Framers' understanding of political conflict influence the structure of the government they created?
What key weakness of the Articles of Confederation was highlighted by Shays' Rebellion?
What key weakness of the Articles of Confederation was highlighted by Shays' Rebellion?
Which statement accurately reflects a viewpoint of the Anti-Federalists regarding the new Constitution?
Which statement accurately reflects a viewpoint of the Anti-Federalists regarding the new Constitution?
How did the Great Compromise address the differing needs of large and small states during the Constitutional Convention?
How did the Great Compromise address the differing needs of large and small states during the Constitutional Convention?
Why was the Three-Fifths Compromise created during the Constitutional Convention?
Why was the Three-Fifths Compromise created during the Constitutional Convention?
What was the main purpose of the Electoral College as established by the Constitution?
What was the main purpose of the Electoral College as established by the Constitution?
Which of the following describes a challenge regarding the Electoral College in modern U.S. presidential elections?
Which of the following describes a challenge regarding the Electoral College in modern U.S. presidential elections?
Why did the US Constitution include an amendment procedure?
Why did the US Constitution include an amendment procedure?
Which of the following is required for amending the Constitution?
Which of the following is required for amending the Constitution?
Which of the following accurately describes the process for amending the U.S. Constitution as outlined in Article V?
Which of the following accurately describes the process for amending the U.S. Constitution as outlined in Article V?
The USA PATRIOT Act, passed after the 9/11 attacks, sparked debate primarily concerning which aspect of constitutional rights?
The USA PATRIOT Act, passed after the 9/11 attacks, sparked debate primarily concerning which aspect of constitutional rights?
What constitutional principle is most relevant to the debate surrounding federal education policies such as No Child Left Behind and Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA)?
What constitutional principle is most relevant to the debate surrounding federal education policies such as No Child Left Behind and Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA)?
Which of the following describes 'concurrent powers' in the context of federalism?
Which of the following describes 'concurrent powers' in the context of federalism?
An example of an exclusive power delegated to the federal government is:
An example of an exclusive power delegated to the federal government is:
What is the primary characteristic of categorical grants in fiscal federalism?
What is the primary characteristic of categorical grants in fiscal federalism?
Which of the following scenarios best exemplifies the concept of fiscal federalism?
Which of the following scenarios best exemplifies the concept of fiscal federalism?
Which of the following is an example of a reserved power?
Which of the following is an example of a reserved power?
What is the 'heavy presumption against prior restraint' regarding freedom of the press?
What is the 'heavy presumption against prior restraint' regarding freedom of the press?
Which of the following best describes the historical interpretation of the Second Amendment prior to District of Columbia v. Heller (2008)?
Which of the following best describes the historical interpretation of the Second Amendment prior to District of Columbia v. Heller (2008)?
District of Columbia v. Heller (2008) was a landmark Supreme Court case. What did the Supreme Court rule?
District of Columbia v. Heller (2008) was a landmark Supreme Court case. What did the Supreme Court rule?
How did McDonald v. City of Chicago (2010) expand upon the ruling in District of Columbia v. Heller (2008)?
How did McDonald v. City of Chicago (2010) expand upon the ruling in District of Columbia v. Heller (2008)?
The Supreme Court's decision in United States v. Lopez (1995) addressed the balance of power between:
The Supreme Court's decision in United States v. Lopez (1995) addressed the balance of power between:
Which of the following is a key provision of the National Firearms Act?
Which of the following is a key provision of the National Firearms Act?
Which of the following groups are prohibited from purchasing firearms under the Gun Control Act of 1968?
Which of the following groups are prohibited from purchasing firearms under the Gun Control Act of 1968?
A state law requires gun owners to store firearms unloaded and locked. It also allows temporary removal of firearms from individuals deemed a threat to themselves or others. How would the Supreme Court most likely evaluate this law regarding the Second Amendment?
A state law requires gun owners to store firearms unloaded and locked. It also allows temporary removal of firearms from individuals deemed a threat to themselves or others. How would the Supreme Court most likely evaluate this law regarding the Second Amendment?
How did the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut influence the development of democratic ideals in the United States?
How did the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut influence the development of democratic ideals in the United States?
Which statement best describes the contrasting viewpoints of the Federalists and Anti-Federalists during the ratification of the U.S. Constitution?
Which statement best describes the contrasting viewpoints of the Federalists and Anti-Federalists during the ratification of the U.S. Constitution?
What role did the Northwest Ordinance of 1787 play in the expansion and development of the United States?
What role did the Northwest Ordinance of 1787 play in the expansion and development of the United States?
How did the ideas of Jean-Jacques Rousseau influence the development of democratic ideals in the United States?
How did the ideas of Jean-Jacques Rousseau influence the development of democratic ideals in the United States?
What was the primary weakness of the Articles of Confederation that led to Shay's Rebellion, and how did this event influence the creation of the U.S. Constitution?
What was the primary weakness of the Articles of Confederation that led to Shay's Rebellion, and how did this event influence the creation of the U.S. Constitution?
How did the Mayflower Compact reflect democratic ideals in the New England Colonies during the early settlement period?
How did the Mayflower Compact reflect democratic ideals in the New England Colonies during the early settlement period?
What is the main concept of the Preamble to the Constitution, and why is it important for understanding the purpose of American government?
What is the main concept of the Preamble to the Constitution, and why is it important for understanding the purpose of American government?
How did the Age of Reason influence the Declaration of Independence?
How did the Age of Reason influence the Declaration of Independence?
Teddy Roosevelt's conservation efforts led to the creation of the National Park Service and the setting aside of approximately 23 million acres of public lands.
Teddy Roosevelt's conservation efforts led to the creation of the National Park Service and the setting aside of approximately 23 million acres of public lands.
The National Environmental Policy Act mandates environmental impact reports for significant federal actions, a concept that emerged primarily from the environmentalist-conservative debates of the early 1960s.
The National Environmental Policy Act mandates environmental impact reports for significant federal actions, a concept that emerged primarily from the environmentalist-conservative debates of the early 1960s.
The EPA's authority to enforce environmental standards on states is absolute, and the Supreme Court has consistently upheld all EPA regulations without exception.
The EPA's authority to enforce environmental standards on states is absolute, and the Supreme Court has consistently upheld all EPA regulations without exception.
The United States is a signatory to both the Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Agreement, demonstrating its commitment to international climate change mitigation efforts.
The United States is a signatory to both the Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Agreement, demonstrating its commitment to international climate change mitigation efforts.
The Controlled Substances Act of 1970 led to decreased punishments on drugs.
The Controlled Substances Act of 1970 led to decreased punishments on drugs.
Passage of the 1996 California legislation legalizing marijuana directly led to the legalization of marijuana in Ohio.
Passage of the 1996 California legislation legalizing marijuana directly led to the legalization of marijuana in Ohio.
Reagan's New Federalism and the 'devolution revolution' aimed to decrease federal power by transferring responsibilities to state and local governments.
Reagan's New Federalism and the 'devolution revolution' aimed to decrease federal power by transferring responsibilities to state and local governments.
The Welfare Reform Act of 1996 restricted the states' discretion in designing programs to transition individuals from welfare to work.
The Welfare Reform Act of 1996 restricted the states' discretion in designing programs to transition individuals from welfare to work.
The Articles of Confederation established a strong central government with significant power over the states.
The Articles of Confederation established a strong central government with significant power over the states.
The Virginia Plan proposed equal representation for each state in the new Congress, ensuring that smaller states would have the same influence as larger states.
The Virginia Plan proposed equal representation for each state in the new Congress, ensuring that smaller states would have the same influence as larger states.
The Great Compromise resolved the dispute over representation in Congress by creating a two-house legislature, one based on population and the other with equal representation for each state.
The Great Compromise resolved the dispute over representation in Congress by creating a two-house legislature, one based on population and the other with equal representation for each state.
Participatory democracy emphasizes the influence of various interest groups, ensuring no single group dominates political decisions.
Participatory democracy emphasizes the influence of various interest groups, ensuring no single group dominates political decisions.
The House of Burgesses was a British institution directly appointed by the King to govern the colonies.
The House of Burgesses was a British institution directly appointed by the King to govern the colonies.
John Locke, influenced the Declaration of Independence with his concept of natural rights, including the rights to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.
John Locke, influenced the Declaration of Independence with his concept of natural rights, including the rights to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.
Elite democracy posits that a broad base of informed citizens should control policy decisions through direct participation.
Elite democracy posits that a broad base of informed citizens should control policy decisions through direct participation.
Thomas Paine's Common Decree advocated reconciliation with England rather than complete independence.
Thomas Paine's Common Decree advocated reconciliation with England rather than complete independence.
The Declaration of Independence primarily reflects the philosophical ideas of Jean-Jacques Rousseau.
The Declaration of Independence primarily reflects the philosophical ideas of Jean-Jacques Rousseau.
The Seneca Falls Declaration of Sentiments (1848) was inspired by the Declaration of Independence.
The Seneca Falls Declaration of Sentiments (1848) was inspired by the Declaration of Independence.
Baron de Montesquieu's ideas on the concentration of powers influenced the framers of the Constitution.
Baron de Montesquieu's ideas on the concentration of powers influenced the framers of the Constitution.
The English Bill of Rights (1689) expanded the power of the monarchy.
The English Bill of Rights (1689) expanded the power of the monarchy.
The Articles of Confederation established a strong central government with broad powers over the states.
The Articles of Confederation established a strong central government with broad powers over the states.
Under the Articles of Confederation, the national government had the power to directly tax citizens, enabling it to effectively manage its finances.
Under the Articles of Confederation, the national government had the power to directly tax citizens, enabling it to effectively manage its finances.
The Northwest Land Ordinance, enacted under the Articles of Confederation, facilitated westward expansion but prohibited the establishment of new states.
The Northwest Land Ordinance, enacted under the Articles of Confederation, facilitated westward expansion but prohibited the establishment of new states.
Shay's Rebellion demonstrated the strength and effectiveness of the government under the Articles of Confederation in suppressing internal conflicts.
Shay's Rebellion demonstrated the strength and effectiveness of the government under the Articles of Confederation in suppressing internal conflicts.
The Contract with America, spearheaded by Newt Gingrich in 1994, advocated for increased federal government spending and expanded welfare programs.
The Contract with America, spearheaded by Newt Gingrich in 1994, advocated for increased federal government spending and expanded welfare programs.
The Welfare Reform Act of 1996 shifted responsibility for welfare from federal entitlements to block grants, requiring recipients to seek employment and mandating states to locate parents delinquent in child support payments.
The Welfare Reform Act of 1996 shifted responsibility for welfare from federal entitlements to block grants, requiring recipients to seek employment and mandating states to locate parents delinquent in child support payments.
The Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) of 1996 primarily aimed to align state marriage laws with federal standards by recognizing same-sex marriages nationwide.
The Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) of 1996 primarily aimed to align state marriage laws with federal standards by recognizing same-sex marriages nationwide.
Federal responses to natural disasters, such as Hurricane Katrina and Sandy, demonstrate instances where state and federal powers are clearly delineated and require minimal coordination.
Federal responses to natural disasters, such as Hurricane Katrina and Sandy, demonstrate instances where state and federal powers are clearly delineated and require minimal coordination.
Civil liberties, as defined in the U.S. context, encompass constitutionally protected guarantees and freedoms that shield citizens' opinions and property from unwarranted governmental intrusion.
Civil liberties, as defined in the U.S. context, encompass constitutionally protected guarantees and freedoms that shield citizens' opinions and property from unwarranted governmental intrusion.
The Bill of Rights initially applied uniformly to both the Federal Government and the State Governments, ensuring consistent protection of individual liberties across all jurisdictions from its inception in 1791.
The Bill of Rights initially applied uniformly to both the Federal Government and the State Governments, ensuring consistent protection of individual liberties across all jurisdictions from its inception in 1791.
The incorporation theory, specifically through 'selective incorporation,' extends all provisions of the Bill of Rights simultaneously and uniformly to the states via the Fourteenth Amendment's Due Process Clause.
The incorporation theory, specifically through 'selective incorporation,' extends all provisions of the Bill of Rights simultaneously and uniformly to the states via the Fourteenth Amendment's Due Process Clause.
Before Gideon v. Wainwright, all states uniformly provided legal counsel to accused individuals, ensuring equal access to justice regardless of location.
Before Gideon v. Wainwright, all states uniformly provided legal counsel to accused individuals, ensuring equal access to justice regardless of location.
The Establishment Clause, as interpreted by Thomas Jefferson, establishes a complete barrier to any interaction between government and religious institutions.
The Establishment Clause, as interpreted by Thomas Jefferson, establishes a complete barrier to any interaction between government and religious institutions.
In Wallace v. Jaffree (1985), the Supreme Court ruled that a moment of silence in public schools is always unconstitutional, regardless of intent.
In Wallace v. Jaffree (1985), the Supreme Court ruled that a moment of silence in public schools is always unconstitutional, regardless of intent.
The Lemon Test, established in Lemon v. Kurtzman, primarily assesses whether government aid to religious schools poses an excessive financial burden on taxpayers.
The Lemon Test, established in Lemon v. Kurtzman, primarily assesses whether government aid to religious schools poses an excessive financial burden on taxpayers.
The Free Exercise Clause allows individuals to engage in any religious practice, even if it violates existing laws.
The Free Exercise Clause allows individuals to engage in any religious practice, even if it violates existing laws.
In Oregon v. Smith, the Supreme Court upheld the right to use illegal drugs for religious ceremonies, establishing a broad precedent for religious exemptions from drug laws.
In Oregon v. Smith, the Supreme Court upheld the right to use illegal drugs for religious ceremonies, establishing a broad precedent for religious exemptions from drug laws.
The ruling in Reynolds v. US established the principle that an individual's religious belief cannot be used as a defense against a criminal indictment.
The ruling in Reynolds v. US established the principle that an individual's religious belief cannot be used as a defense against a criminal indictment.
Wisconsin v. Yoder mandated that all Amish children must attend public school until the age of 16, regardless of their religious beliefs.
Wisconsin v. Yoder mandated that all Amish children must attend public school until the age of 16, regardless of their religious beliefs.
If the supreme court makes a controversial decision about the first amendment, other political institutions have no means to limit the impact of those decisions.
If the supreme court makes a controversial decision about the first amendment, other political institutions have no means to limit the impact of those decisions.
The Brady Bill mandated a ten-day waiting period for handgun purchases to facilitate background checks.
The Brady Bill mandated a ten-day waiting period for handgun purchases to facilitate background checks.
The debates surrounding the 2nd Amendment primarily concern the balance between personal freedoms and maintaining public order and safety.
The debates surrounding the 2nd Amendment primarily concern the balance between personal freedoms and maintaining public order and safety.
The Supreme Court case Miranda v. Arizona led to arguments between individual freedom and public order.
The Supreme Court case Miranda v. Arizona led to arguments between individual freedom and public order.
Gregg v.Georgia ruled that capital punishment is inherently cruel and unusual, thus violating the Eighth Amendment.
Gregg v.Georgia ruled that capital punishment is inherently cruel and unusual, thus violating the Eighth Amendment.
The 4th Amendment's protection against unreasonable searches and seizures is absolute and cannot be overridden by any government action.
The 4th Amendment's protection against unreasonable searches and seizures is absolute and cannot be overridden by any government action.
Metadata, as it pertains to cell phone communication, includes only the actual recorded conversations, and excludes all other communication information.
Metadata, as it pertains to cell phone communication, includes only the actual recorded conversations, and excludes all other communication information.
Substantive due process, as derived from the 5th and 14th Amendments, primarily deals with the specific legal procedures used by the government in criminal cases.
Substantive due process, as derived from the 5th and 14th Amendments, primarily deals with the specific legal procedures used by the government in criminal cases.
The theory of incorporation ensures that all rights outlined in the U.S. Constitution are uniformly applied to state governments.
The theory of incorporation ensures that all rights outlined in the U.S. Constitution are uniformly applied to state governments.
Flashcards
Age of Reason
Age of Reason
Period emphasizing the use of reason and questioning traditional authority.
Mayflower Compact
Mayflower Compact
First governing document for direct democracy in the New England Colonies.
Shay's Rebellion
Shay's Rebellion
Farmers' uprising that highlighted weaknesses in the Articles of Confederation.
Anti-Federalists
Anti-Federalists
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Preamble
Preamble
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Federalists
Federalists
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Bill of Rights
Bill of Rights
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Northwest Ordinance of 1787
Northwest Ordinance of 1787
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Natural Rights
Natural Rights
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Social Contract
Social Contract
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Popular Sovereignty
Popular Sovereignty
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Limited Government
Limited Government
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Separation of Powers
Separation of Powers
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Checks and Balances
Checks and Balances
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Political Conflict
Political Conflict
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Excessive Democracy
Excessive Democracy
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Participatory Democracy
Participatory Democracy
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Pluralist Democracy
Pluralist Democracy
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Elite Democracy
Elite Democracy
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Articles of Confederation
Articles of Confederation
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Shay’s Rebellion
Shay’s Rebellion
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Declaration of Independence
Declaration of Independence
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AOC (Articles of Confederation)
AOC (Articles of Confederation)
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Great Compromise
Great Compromise
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Three-Fifths Compromise
Three-Fifths Compromise
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Electoral College
Electoral College
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Amendment Procedure
Amendment Procedure
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Two-stage process
Two-stage process
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Exclusive Powers
Exclusive Powers
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Concurrent Powers
Concurrent Powers
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Reserved Powers
Reserved Powers
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USA Patriot Act
USA Patriot Act
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Categorical Grants
Categorical Grants
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No Child Left Behind Act
No Child Left Behind Act
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Second Amendment
Second Amendment
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District of Columbia v Heller
District of Columbia v Heller
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McDonald v Chicago
McDonald v Chicago
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United States v Lopez
United States v Lopez
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National Firearms Act
National Firearms Act
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Gun Control Act of 1968
Gun Control Act of 1968
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Balancing Social Order and Personal Freedoms
Balancing Social Order and Personal Freedoms
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Prior Restraint
Prior Restraint
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Virginia Plan
Virginia Plan
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New Jersey Plan
New Jersey Plan
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House of Burgesses
House of Burgesses
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Thomas Paine's Common Sense
Thomas Paine's Common Sense
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Baron de Montesquieu
Baron de Montesquieu
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Teddy Roosevelt
Teddy Roosevelt
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Clean Water Act
Clean Water Act
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Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
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Kyoto Protocol
Kyoto Protocol
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Paris Agreement
Paris Agreement
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Devolution Revolution
Devolution Revolution
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National Environmental Policy Act
National Environmental Policy Act
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Clean Air Act
Clean Air Act
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Welfare Reform Act of 1996
Welfare Reform Act of 1996
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Contract with America
Contract with America
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Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA)
Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA)
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Incorporation Theory
Incorporation Theory
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Selective Incorporation
Selective Incorporation
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Gideon v Wainwright
Gideon v Wainwright
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Civil Liberties
Civil Liberties
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Brady Bill
Brady Bill
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2nd Amendment
2nd Amendment
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8th Amendment
8th Amendment
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Furman v. Georgia
Furman v. Georgia
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4th Amendment
4th Amendment
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Due Process
Due Process
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Palko v. Connecticut
Palko v. Connecticut
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Metadata
Metadata
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Establishment Clause
Establishment Clause
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Engle v Vitale (1962)
Engle v Vitale (1962)
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Lemon Test
Lemon Test
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Free Exercise Clause
Free Exercise Clause
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Oregon v Smith (1990)
Oregon v Smith (1990)
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Reynolds v US (1879)
Reynolds v US (1879)
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Wallace v Jaffree (1985)
Wallace v Jaffree (1985)
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Wisconsin v Yoder
Wisconsin v Yoder
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