Principles and Ethics in Science

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Questions and Answers

Which core principle of science emphasizes that findings should be based on objective data rather than personal opinions?

  • Testability
  • Skepticism
  • Objectivity (correct)
  • Replicability

A researcher observes a new phenomenon in a laboratory. Which step of the scientific method would they undertake NEXT to begin investigating this phenomenon systematically?

  • Formulate a hypothesis.
  • Ask a question. (correct)
  • Conduct an experiment.
  • Collect data.

If multiple independent research groups repeat an experiment and obtain consistent results, which principle of science is being supported?

  • Skepticism
  • Replicability (correct)
  • Testability
  • Objectivity

Which of the following best describes the difference between a scientific theory and a scientific law?

<p>A theory explains <em>why</em> something occurs, and a law describes <em>what</em> occurs. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which activity exemplifies the use of inferential statistics in scientific research?

<p>Using sample data to predict the outcome of an election. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ethical consideration is MOST directly violated when a researcher uses data from another study without proper citation?

<p>Integrity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of interdisciplinary science?

<p>Using physics principles to understand the workings of the human heart. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A climate scientist uses computer models to simulate the effects of greenhouse gas emissions on global temperatures. Which of the following scientific tools are they using?

<p>Computers and software (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a fundamental SI unit?

<p>Newton (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A researcher aims to minimize bias in their study. What steps should they take during the data collection and analysis phases?

<p>Use standardized procedures and transparent statistical methods. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is Science?

A systematic approach to understanding the natural world through observation, experimentation, and analysis.

What is Objectivity?

Findings are based on empirical evidence and free from personal bias.

What is Empirical Evidence?

Data and observations collected through systematic experimentation and observation.

What is Skepticism?

Questioning and scrutinizing claims and evidence.

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What is Testability?

Ideas must be testable through experiments or observations.

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What is Replicability?

Experiments and studies can be repeated by other researchers to verify the results.

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What is a Scientific Theory?

A well-substantiated explanation of the natural world, confirmed through repeated observation and experimentation.

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What is a Scientific Law?

A descriptive statement that reliably predicts events under certain conditions.

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What is Statistics in science?

Collecting, analyzing, interpreting, and presenting data.

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What is Integrity in science?

Ensuring honesty and transparency in research.

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