Chapter 2: Methods 1 The Scientific Method and Research Ethics with Humans
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Questions and Answers

What is the first step in the Scientific Method?

  • Gather information
  • Generate a hypothesis
  • Design and conduct experiments
  • Identify the problem (correct)

Which ethical principle involves doing no harm and maximizing benefits?

  • Principle B: Fidelity and Responsibility
  • Principle D: Justice
  • Principle C: Integrity
  • Principle A: Beneficence and Nonmaleficence (correct)

What is a key consideration for participants with decisional impairment to be involved in research?

  • Excluding these participants from research studies
  • Informed consent from parent or guardian and assent from participant (correct)
  • Having the research conducted without consent
  • Providing consent only from the participant themselves

Which step follows 'Analyzing data and formulating conclusions' in the Scientific Method?

<p>Restart the process (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Principle E of the APA ethical principles emphasize regarding research participants?

<p>Respecting the rights and dignity of participants (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Hawthorne Effect?

<p>Behavioural reactivity where a person changes their behaviour as a result of being observed (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does internal validity refer to in research?

<p>The degree to which results can be attributed to the independent variable and not other explanations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statistical measure provides information about the spread of data around the mean?

<p>Standard deviation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of descriptive statistics in analyzing data?

<p>To describe the central tendency of the data (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does external validity in research refer to?

<p>The degree to which results can be generalized to other people, settings, and times (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a correlation coefficient of +1 indicate?

<p>A perfect positive linear relationship between variables (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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