Primate Taxa and Dispersal Patterns
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Questions and Answers

Which primate taxa commonly exhibit facultative dispersal by both sexes?

Some atelines, colobines, and gorillas

In which primate species are males the resident sex and females the dispersing sex?

Bonobos, chimpanzees, and a few other species

What are the expected relationships among members of the resident sex over evolutionary times?

Closely related

Why do females of primate species derive greater benefits on average from remaining in their natal area?

<p>Nature of the respective benefits in relation to sex-specific determinants of reproductive success</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factors affect dispersal decisions and the resulting genetic structure of primate groups?

<p>Demographic, environmental, and social factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

What statistical test was used to compare the mean distances between the centres of activity of male and female adults?

<p>t-test</p> Signup and view all the answers

What lies at the core of all ultimate analyses of social behavior in primates?

<p>Understanding the evolution of sex-biased dispersal</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance level for the variance comparison between male and female juveniles?

<p>p &lt; 0.01</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many individuals shared haplotype A with individuals from the main study area in the mtDNA haplotype analysis?

<p>One adult male</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the transfer of haplotypes into other areas suggest about the gene flow within the population?

<p>Occasional transfer of haplotypes into other areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many new haplotypes were identified from the five females and three males caught in an area 4 km away from the main study area?

<p>Five new haplotypes</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the pattern observed for adults of both sexes alone in terms of mean distances?

<p>Similar pattern</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical mating system of solitary prosimians?

<p>Spatial polygyny</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the assumption of female philopatry and male-biased dispersal predict in solitary primates?

<p>Spatial clustering of female members of more than two generations</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the diversity of social organizations and mating systems of nocturnal prosimian primates?

<p>Largely unknown</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do most nocturnal prosimians exhibit in terms of social behavior?

<p>Predominantly solitary foraging at night and gregarious resting during the day</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of societies are most nocturnal prosimians characterized by?

<p>Complex societies</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many species of nocturnal prosimian primates are mentioned in the text?

<p>More than 60</p> Signup and view all the answers

What needs to be addressed in future studies regarding population variation in dispersal?

<p>The proportion of males that disperse and the variability in rates of philopatry and dispersal in both sexes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What may favor male dispersal in the suggested mating system of this species?

<p>The benefit of roaming males encountering more potential mates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some challenges in studying male dispersal in this species?

<p>Logistical problems associated with locating and following animals in a dense forest with no trail system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What raises poorly defined questions about the evolutionary dynamics of this species?

<p>The interactions among the social organization, mating system, and genetic structure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do most males in this species do early in life according to the text?

<p>Leave their natal area, possibly disperse over large distances, and shift their centers of activity frequently.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is needed to determine the proportion of males that disperse and the variability in rates of philopatry and dispersal in both sexes?

<p>More extensive long-term studies and data from a larger study area.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who supported the field work in Madagascar?

<p>B.Rakotosamimanana</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organization provided financial support for the research?

<p>Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who helped with the sequencing of the mitochondrial haplotypes?

<p>E.Sarropoulou</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who made suggestions for the analyses of the spatial data?

<p>M.Eberle, T.Hovestadt, F.Torkler and D.Stahl</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who were involved in the establishment of microsatellite markers and initial typings?

<p>U.Gerloff and J.Gockel</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who provided very constructive comments as referees?

<p>Two referees</p> Signup and view all the answers

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