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What is the central aim of Primary Health Care (PHC)?
Which of the following best describes a significant feature of Primary Health Care?
In the context of Primary Health Care, what does 'access' imply?
Which demographic factors are considered in ensuring access to Primary Health Care?
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How does Primary Health Care contribute to community health?
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What is a primary objective of multisectoral policy in health?
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Which element is essential for the integration of primary care and public health functions?
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What does the partnership between public and private organizations primarily enhance?
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What is a potential outcome of effective multisectoral policy action?
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How does the concept of primary care contribute to the broader health agenda?
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What is the primary purpose of the National Immunization Program?
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Which of the following statements about immunization is true?
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In what way does the National Immunization Program primarily benefit the population?
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What constitutes immunity in the context of public health?
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Which of the following best characterizes the objective of immunization services in public health?
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What distinguishes passive immunity from active immunity?
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Which law serves as the legal foundation for the National Immunization Program after its repeal?
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Which of the following vaccinations was NOT included in RA 10152 of 2011 for infants and children?
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What is the age limit specified in PD No. 996 for the compulsory basic immunization?
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In the context of the National Immunization Program, what does 'attenuated vaccines' refer to?
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What is a correct guideline when administering multiple vaccines at the same site on a child's leg?
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Which of the following statements regarding booster doses is accurate?
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At what age is the eligible limit for receiving pentavalent vaccines?
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Which statement reflects a common misunderstanding about the immunization schedule?
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When reminding caregivers about immunization, which aspect is emphasized for every clinic visit?
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Which sequence is recommended for administering multiple vaccines?
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What is the recommended action regarding BCG and Rotavirus vaccines concerning their exposure to light?
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What is the maximum duration for which reusable vaccines like OPV may be used under specific storage conditions?
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What should caregivers be informed about when their child is due for immunization?
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After reconstitution, how long should special diluents for vaccines like BCG, AMV, and MMR be discarded?
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Study Notes
Primary Health Care (PHC)
- Primary Health Care (PHC) is a comprehensive approach to providing people with access to basic healthcare.
- The core aim of PHC is to improve the health of communities.
- A central principle of PHC is bringing healthcare closer to people.
- PHC aims to ensure everyone, regardless of factors like age, sex, creed, religion, ideology, or race, has access to basic health services.
Primary Health Care
- Promotes collaboration across all sectors of society
- Values partnership between public and private organizations
- Prioritizes primary care and essential public health functions as core components of integrated services
- Aims to prevent diseases, prolong life, and promote health
Multisectoral Policy and Action
- Involves functional coordination between public and private agencies
- Includes health, environment, and economic sectors
- Strives to make health for all attainable through collaborative efforts
National Immunization Program
- The National Immunization Program (NIP) is a crucial public health service aimed at reducing mortality and morbidity in infants and children.
- The NIP prioritizes providing free access to routinely recommended vaccines for Filipinos, especially those in low-income communities.
- Immunization plays a vital role in protecting individuals from diseases by stimulating the immune system to produce antibodies that fight off pathogens.
- The program's core goal is to ensure that Filipinos have access to safe and effective vaccines to help prevent serious health problems.
Types of Immunity
- Active Immunity is developed through exposure to weakened or attenuated pathogens, or vaccines.
- Passive Immunity is acquired through pre-existing antibodies, like those found in breast milk.
Immunization Policies and Laws in the Philippines
- Presidential Decree (PD) No. 996 of 1976 mandated compulsory basic immunization for infants and children under 8 years old.
- Republic Act (RA) 7846 of 1994 expanded the mandatory immunization program to include Hepatitis B for infants and children under 8 years old.
- RA 10152 of 2011 replaced PD 996 and established the current legal basis for the National Immunization Program (NIP). This law mandates immunization for infants and children up to 5 years old and includes new vaccines: Hepatitis B, Mumps, Rubella, and Haemophilus Influenza Type B (Hib).
Immunization Program Considerations
- Caregivers should adhere to the recommended immunization schedule for their children and bring their immunization records to every visit.
- Previous doses of vaccines do not need to be repeated, regardless of the time interval between doses.
- The pentavalent vaccine is suitable for children up to 5 years old.
- Booster doses are generally not required.
- Multiple vaccines can be administered on the same day at different injection sites.
- When administering multiple vaccines on the same leg, ensure injections are spaced at least 2.5 to 5 cm apart.
Vaccine Administration Order
- Administer vaccines in a specific order.
- Begin with Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV), followed by Rotavirus vaccine, and then other vaccines.
Vaccine Storage and Expiration
- Utilize the "First Expiry, First Out" (FEFO) inventory management method for vaccines.
- Dispose of BCG, AMV, and MMR vaccines six hours after reconstitution or at the end of the clinic day.
- Protect BCG from direct sunlight and Rotavirus from light.
Injection Site Care
- Use cotton to clean the injection site.
- If using alcohol, ensure the area is completely dry before administering the vaccine.
Information for Caregivers
- Inform caregivers about potential side effects of vaccination.
- Provide instructions on how to manage common side effects.
Reusable Vaccine Storage
- Reusable vaccines, such as OPV, Pentavalent, Hepatitis B, and Tetanus Toxoid, can be stored for up to four weeks under specific conditions.
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Description
This quiz explores the fundamental concepts of Primary Health Care (PHC). Learn about its core principles, objectives, and commitment to providing equitable healthcare access to all individuals in a community. Test your knowledge on how PHC aims to enhance public health.
