Primary Elections and Voter Participation Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is the main goal of a political party?

  • To form interest groups
  • To win elections
  • To influence policies
  • To control government (correct)

Why do political parties facilitate collective action in the electoral process?

  • To win elections (correct)
  • To influence policies
  • To form interest groups
  • To control government

What is the main difference between political parties and interest groups?

  • Political parties are made up of politicians, activists, and voters, while interest groups are made up of elected officials.
  • Political parties focus on influencing policies, while interest groups focus on winning elections.
  • Political parties exist to win elections, while interest groups mainly focus on influencing elected officials. (correct)
  • Political parties and interest groups have the same goals.

According to the text, who determines the composition of the committees in Congress?

<p>The majority party (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of political parties, as stated in the text?

<p>To elect political candidates (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the relationship between the president and his party?

<p>The president's character and popularity shape the party's brand (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of primary allows members of any party to vote in the primary?

<p>Open primary (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a state with closed primaries, who can vote in the democratic primary?

<p>Only democrats (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do some states try to have their primaries early?

<p>To have more participation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is one of the main functions of political parties in the U.S.?

<p>Recruit candidates (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens once a candidate has enough delegates?

<p>They become the nominee (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process through which a potential candidate is chosen to represent a particular party in an election?

<p>Nominating (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of primary election allows only registered voters of a particular party to vote?

<p>Closed primary (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for political parties to recruit and nominate candidates?

<p>To ensure the best candidates are chosen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about the first elections under the new Constitution in 1788?

<p>There were no parties during the first elections. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When did the first party system in America begin?

<p>1796 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which parties were involved in the first party system?

<p>Federalists and Democratic-Republicans (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which party was dominant in the presidential contests between 1800 and 1824?

<p>Democratic-Republicans (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was the first Whig candidate to win the presidency?

<p>William Henry Harrison (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which party re-branded themselves as the 'Democrats'?

<p>Democratic-Republicans (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which party was destroyed by the issue of slavery?

<p>Whigs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During the third party system, the Democratic party gained support from which two groups of people?

<p>White Southerners and working class immigrants (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which party was primarily associated with political machines during the third party system?

<p>Democratic party (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which party merged with the Democrats in 1896 and brought certain elements of populism?

<p>The People's Party (Populists) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which party was unable to elect any presidential candidates between 1896 and 1932, except for Woodrow Wilson in 1912?

<p>Democratic party (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of people were attracted to the Democratic party during the New Deal era?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a major re-alignment in terms of African American support for political parties?

<p>African Americans shifted their support from the Republican party to the Democratic party (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for the shift in the South from solid Democratic support to unshakable Republican support?

<p>Race and the Democrats' support of civil rights legislation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of voters is now more likely to vote Republican compared to the past?

<p>White working class men (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Duverger's Law, what is the strongest influence on the number of parties in a political system?

<p>The way people vote (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the voting method used in America called?

<p>Plurality voting (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main disadvantage of winner-takes-all districts in terms of representation?

<p>Smaller parties have no chance of winning (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Duverger's 2nd Factor, why is plurality voting hard on small parties?

<p>People are afraid of the 'Spoiler' effect (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one advantage of Approval Voting over plurality voting?

<p>Approval Voting allows voters to express all the candidates they approve of (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between Approval Voting and Proportional Representation?

<p>Approval Voting is a single-winner voting method, while Proportional Representation is a multi-winner voting method (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one advantage of Proportional Representation over plurality voting?

<p>Proportional Representation encourages more honest voting (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organization supports Crash Course U.S. Government and Politics?

<p>Voqal (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of Voqal?

<p>To promote social equity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is Crash Course made with the help of?

<p>Special interests (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which branch of government do interest groups primarily focus on?

<p>Congress (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the combination of interest groups, congress, and the bureaucracy?

<p>Iron triangle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which level of government is it more likely for interest groups to write bills for?

<p>State (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group is more likely to have more funding for research and information compared to bureaucratic agencies?

<p>Interest groups (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a main function of interest groups in the U.S. political system?

<p>Mobilizing voters and putting direct pressure on elected officials (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of an interest group?

<p>It is an organized group of individuals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main things that interest groups do when they interact with the government?

<p>Shape policies and gather information for elected officials (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one argument in favor of interest groups, according to the clone with a tie?

<p>Interest groups offer more opportunity for participation in politics. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the clone without a tie, why do interest groups diminish American democracy?

<p>Interest groups represent the voices of the wealthy. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What evidence does the clone without a tie provide to support their argument?

<p>A chart showing the growth of PACs since the mid-1970s. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of interest groups in the American political system, according to Wheezy?

<p>To shape policies that affect people's lives. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the pluralist theory, what is the main proposition regarding interest groups?

<p>Every group with a particular interest should be able to form an organization that will pursue policies to further that interest. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason why not every interest forms a group, according to political scientists?

<p>Collective action problems (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a classic example of a collective action problem?

<p>Building a road that many people could use but no one individual could build on their own (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one type of benefit that interest groups provide to their members?

<p>Financial benefits (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe people who benefit from a project without contributing to it?

<p>Free riders (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are smaller groups more successful in forming and pushing their agenda compared to larger groups?

<p>They are more cohesive (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe individuals who make extraordinary efforts to bring people together for the purpose of changing policy?

<p>Political entrepreneurs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the practice of an organized group encouraging its members to contact elected officials through letter writing, emails, or telephone calls?

<p>Grassroots lobbying (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one reason why grassroots lobbying has become increasingly prominent?

<p>Advancements in technology (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term is used to describe bogus attempts at grassroots organizing?

<p>Astroturf lobbying (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of an insider lobbying strategy mentioned in the text?

<p>Filing amicus curiae briefs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of grassroots lobbying?

<p>To engage in protests (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group is often the focus of the courts in terms of lobbying strategies?

<p>Minority groups (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of lobbying according to the text?

<p>To influence policy by providing officials with information (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to James Madison, why did he believe it was better to let factions flourish and compete against each other?

<p>To protect individual freedoms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between interest groups and political parties?

<p>Interest groups do not primarily focus on electing candidates or controlling the government (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one concern raised about the number of interests in the United States?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of interest groups?

<p>To influence government decision-making (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a lobbyist?

<p>Someone who influences policy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is lobbying?

<p>Influencing policy through contacting lawmakers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between interest groups and political parties?

<p>They sometimes work together and sometimes compete (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common insider tactic used by lobbyists?

<p>Contacting lawmakers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of most interest groups in their lobbying efforts?

<p>To influence decision-makers and public policies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of an outside lobbying tactic?

<p>Placing stories and articles in the media (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some tactics used by interest groups to get their message out to the public?

<p>Entering coalitions with other groups (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a membership group mentioned in the text?

<p>The National Rifle Association (NRA) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of interest groups?

<p>To represent the views and concerns of a specific group of people (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe groups of institutions that join with others within the same trade or industry?

<p>Associations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between inside lobbying and outside lobbying?

<p>Inside lobbying takes the interest group's message directly to a government official, while outside lobbying targets the general public. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of a collective action problem?

<p>Organizations must overcome collective action problems to be productive (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to economist Mancur Olson, where are collective action problems prevalent?

<p>Among organized interests (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do most people take no action on most issues, according to the text?

<p>Their action will likely have little bearing on whether a given policy is adopted (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a reason why some students choose to do little on a group project?

<p>They prefer to do something else (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the phenomenon where some individuals can receive benefits without helping to bear the cost?

<p>Free rider problem (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do many listeners not contribute to National Public Radio's fund-raising efforts?

<p>Their donation is unlikely to be decisive in whether NPR has adequate funding (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What advantage do smaller, well-organized interest groups have in mobilizing compared to larger groups?

<p>Opinions within smaller groups may be more similar, making it easier to reach consensus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do interest groups use incentives to overcome collective action problems?

<p>To encourage members to join and participate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a situation where membership in an organization is required in order to participate in a profession?

<p>Joining the American Bar Association to practice law (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When could union membership be required of workers in the past?

<p>In urban areas controlled by political machines (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a reason why the wealthy and elites do not always win in every situation, according to the text?

<p>Their position may be at odds with the wish of an attentive public (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the recent dispute between fast food chains and their employees about?

<p>Minimum wage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the dispute between fast food chains and their employees in New York?

<p>The minimum wage for fast food employees was raised to $15 per hour (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a way in which interest groups offer opportunities for political participation?

<p>Attending Tea Party protests (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role did established interest groups play in promoting the aims of the Tea Party movement?

<p>They actively supported and promoted the movement (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one issue that advocacy interest organizations like the Human Rights Campaign are currently dealing with?

<p>Continuing discrimination against members of the LGBTQ community (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a reason for the increase in the number of interest groups in the United States?

<p>Advancements in technology and social media (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which issues does the interest group Student PIRGs focus on?

<p>Education costs and homelessness (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some common barriers to political participation in the United States?

<p>Wealth and education (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one reason why not every interest forms a group, according to political scientists?

<p>Lack of resources (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a reason why individuals living in poverty may have limited opportunities to participate in politics?

<p>They have financial barriers to participation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group is more likely to participate in the political process due to their tremendous resources?

<p>Large corporations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main argument of pluralist scholars regarding representation in the political system?

<p>People naturally join groups and compete for access to decision-makers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the elite critique, which interests are often overrepresented before government?

<p>Businesses and the wealthy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which event is considered a turning point in LGBTQ identity and led to increased cultural acceptance and securing of rights?

<p>The Stonewall Inn riots (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the Stonewall Inn in New York City?

<p>It is a historic landmark for the LGBTQ movement (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of digital means used by interest groups to gain attention for their causes?

<p>Hashtag activism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do interest groups frame issues to benefit their cause?

<p>By using emotionally charged language (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between the terms 'climate change' and 'global warming'?

<p>'Climate change' refers to the negative effects of human activity on the earth's temperature and weather patterns, while 'global warming' refers to alterations in the earth's climate. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to political scientists Jeffrey Berry and Clyde Wilcox, what are some functions of interest groups?

<p>Representing people and serving as a link between them and government, influencing public policy, and educating the public. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a grassroots movement mentioned in the text?

<p>The Tea Party (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What has been a trend in lobbying over the past few decades?

<p>Increased professionalization and sophistication of lobbying techniques. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group has the most influence on government policy decisions?

<p>Wealthy voters (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the iron triangle?

<p>A hypothetical arrangement among three elements: interest groups, congressional committee members, and an agency within the bureaucracy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an alternate explanation for the arrangement of duties carried out by interest groups, legislators, and agency bureaucrats?

<p>They are the experts in the given policy area (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do neopluralist scholars argue about the influence of certain interests?

<p>Certain interests are in a privileged position (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a challenge in assessing the influence of interest groups on lawmakers?

<p>Uncertainty about the impact of interest group contributions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do interest group contributions primarily buy from lawmakers?

<p>Access to lawmakers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason why it is difficult to determine the impact of interest group contributions on the Affordable Care Act (ACA)?

<p>The ACA would have been different without interest group lobbying (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a result of the 2010 Supreme Court decision, Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission?

<p>There is no limit to how much money unions or corporations can donate to super PACs. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of political action committees (PACs)?

<p>To collect funds from donors and distribute them to candidates who support their issues. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a super PAC?

<p>A PAC that can spend unlimited amounts of money on behalf of political candidates. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a reason why interest groups support incumbents in elections?

<p>Interest groups want access to the candidate who is likely to win (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do interest groups support candidates who are sympathetic to their views?

<p>To gain access to lawmakers once they are in office (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one way interest groups influence governmental policy?

<p>By providing lawmakers with information about technical details of policy proposals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do interest groups target members of relevant committees in the legislative process?

<p>To directly inform other lawmakers about their positions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which branch of government do interest groups primarily focus on?

<p>Legislative branch (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of political parties, as stated in the text?

<p>To nominate candidates for elections (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one concern raised about the number of interests in the United States?

<p>It leads to excessive lobbying and influence (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some tactics used by interest groups to get their message out to the public?

<p>Advertising, social media campaigns, and grassroots mobilization (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the products manufactured by Koch Industries?

<p>Paper (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the 2012 election, how much money did the Koch brothers and their affiliates spend supporting Republican candidates?

<p>$400 million (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Do some people argue that the ability to donate unlimited amounts of money to political candidates is protected as a First Amendment right?

<p>Yes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following did lobbyist Jack Abramoff do during his time as a lobbyist for a prominent law firm?

<p>Paid for trips for members of Congress (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was Jack Abramoff lobbying Congress for in relation to the Northern Mariana Islands?

<p>Exempt the territory from paying the federal minimum wage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of Jack Abramoff's activities as a lobbyist?

<p>He was sentenced to four years in prison (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What requirements do foreign lobbyists have to fulfill when lobbying the U.S. government?

<p>Register as foreign agents under the Foreign Agents Registration Act (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission case do?

<p>Allowed corporations and unions to spend unlimited amounts of money on elections (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the McCutcheon v. Federal Election Commission case do?

<p>Limited the amount of money individuals can donate to campaigns (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act do?

<p>Restricted the use of soft money in campaigns (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the Federal Election Campaign Act require?

<p>Required public disclosure of campaign contributions and their sources (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which act increased restrictions on lobbying in 2007?

<p>Honest Leadership and Open Government Act (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the penalty for knowingly violating the law regarding gift giving, according to the Honest Leadership and Open Government Act?

<p>$200,000 fine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which former lawmakers are mentioned as examples of individuals who became lobbyists?

<p>Trent Lott and Richard Gephardt (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of disclosure requirements in lobbying?

<p>To promote transparency and prevent accusations of vote buying (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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