Primary Elections and Voter Participation Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is the main goal of a political party?

  • To form interest groups
  • To win elections
  • To influence policies
  • To control government (correct)

    • Why do political parties facilitate collective action in the electoral process?

  • To win elections (correct)
  • To influence policies
  • To form interest groups
  • To control government

    • What is the main difference between political parties and interest groups?

  • Political parties are made up of politicians, activists, and voters, while interest groups are made up of elected officials.
  • Political parties focus on influencing policies, while interest groups focus on winning elections.
  • Political parties exist to win elections, while interest groups mainly focus on influencing elected officials. (correct)
  • Political parties and interest groups have the same goals.

    • According to the text, who determines the composition of the committees in Congress?

    <p>The majority party</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of political parties, as stated in the text?

    <p>To elect political candidates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what is the relationship between the president and his party?

    <p>The president's character and popularity shape the party's brand</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of primary allows members of any party to vote in the primary?

    <p>Open primary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a state with closed primaries, who can vote in the democratic primary?

    <p>Only democrats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do some states try to have their primaries early?

    <p>To have more participation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is one of the main functions of political parties in the U.S.?

    <p>Recruit candidates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens once a candidate has enough delegates?

    <p>They become the nominee</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process through which a potential candidate is chosen to represent a particular party in an election?

    <p>Nominating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of primary election allows only registered voters of a particular party to vote?

    <p>Closed primary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for political parties to recruit and nominate candidates?

    <p>To ensure the best candidates are chosen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true about the first elections under the new Constitution in 1788?

    <p>There were no parties during the first elections.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When did the first party system in America begin?

    <p>1796</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which parties were involved in the first party system?

    <p>Federalists and Democratic-Republicans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which party was dominant in the presidential contests between 1800 and 1824?

    <p>Democratic-Republicans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was the first Whig candidate to win the presidency?

    <p>William Henry Harrison</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which party re-branded themselves as the 'Democrats'?

    <p>Democratic-Republicans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which party was destroyed by the issue of slavery?

    <p>Whigs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the third party system, the Democratic party gained support from which two groups of people?

    <p>White Southerners and working class immigrants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which party was primarily associated with political machines during the third party system?

    <p>Democratic party</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which party merged with the Democrats in 1896 and brought certain elements of populism?

    <p>The People's Party (Populists)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which party was unable to elect any presidential candidates between 1896 and 1932, except for Woodrow Wilson in 1912?

    <p>Democratic party</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of people were attracted to the Democratic party during the New Deal era?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a major re-alignment in terms of African American support for political parties?

    <p>African Americans shifted their support from the Republican party to the Democratic party</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for the shift in the South from solid Democratic support to unshakable Republican support?

    <p>Race and the Democrats' support of civil rights legislation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of voters is now more likely to vote Republican compared to the past?

    <p>White working class men</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Duverger's Law, what is the strongest influence on the number of parties in a political system?

    <p>The way people vote</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the voting method used in America called?

    <p>Plurality voting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main disadvantage of winner-takes-all districts in terms of representation?

    <p>Smaller parties have no chance of winning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Duverger's 2nd Factor, why is plurality voting hard on small parties?

    <p>People are afraid of the 'Spoiler' effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one advantage of Approval Voting over plurality voting?

    <p>Approval Voting allows voters to express all the candidates they approve of</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between Approval Voting and Proportional Representation?

    <p>Approval Voting is a single-winner voting method, while Proportional Representation is a multi-winner voting method</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one advantage of Proportional Representation over plurality voting?

    <p>Proportional Representation encourages more honest voting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organization supports Crash Course U.S. Government and Politics?

    <p>Voqal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of Voqal?

    <p>To promote social equity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is Crash Course made with the help of?

    <p>Special interests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which branch of government do interest groups primarily focus on?

    <p>Congress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the combination of interest groups, congress, and the bureaucracy?

    <p>Iron triangle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which level of government is it more likely for interest groups to write bills for?

    <p>State</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group is more likely to have more funding for research and information compared to bureaucratic agencies?

    <p>Interest groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a main function of interest groups in the U.S. political system?

    <p>Mobilizing voters and putting direct pressure on elected officials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of an interest group?

    <p>It is an organized group of individuals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two main things that interest groups do when they interact with the government?

    <p>Shape policies and gather information for elected officials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one argument in favor of interest groups, according to the clone with a tie?

    <p>Interest groups offer more opportunity for participation in politics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the clone without a tie, why do interest groups diminish American democracy?

    <p>Interest groups represent the voices of the wealthy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What evidence does the clone without a tie provide to support their argument?

    <p>A chart showing the growth of PACs since the mid-1970s.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of interest groups in the American political system, according to Wheezy?

    <p>To shape policies that affect people's lives.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the pluralist theory, what is the main proposition regarding interest groups?

    <p>Every group with a particular interest should be able to form an organization that will pursue policies to further that interest.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason why not every interest forms a group, according to political scientists?

    <p>Collective action problems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a classic example of a collective action problem?

    <p>Building a road that many people could use but no one individual could build on their own</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one type of benefit that interest groups provide to their members?

    <p>Financial benefits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe people who benefit from a project without contributing to it?

    <p>Free riders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are smaller groups more successful in forming and pushing their agenda compared to larger groups?

    <p>They are more cohesive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe individuals who make extraordinary efforts to bring people together for the purpose of changing policy?

    <p>Political entrepreneurs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes the practice of an organized group encouraging its members to contact elected officials through letter writing, emails, or telephone calls?

    <p>Grassroots lobbying</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one reason why grassroots lobbying has become increasingly prominent?

    <p>Advancements in technology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term is used to describe bogus attempts at grassroots organizing?

    <p>Astroturf lobbying</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of an insider lobbying strategy mentioned in the text?

    <p>Filing amicus curiae briefs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of grassroots lobbying?

    <p>To engage in protests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group is often the focus of the courts in terms of lobbying strategies?

    <p>Minority groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main goal of lobbying according to the text?

    <p>To influence policy by providing officials with information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to James Madison, why did he believe it was better to let factions flourish and compete against each other?

    <p>To protect individual freedoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between interest groups and political parties?

    <p>Interest groups do not primarily focus on electing candidates or controlling the government</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one concern raised about the number of interests in the United States?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of interest groups?

    <p>To influence government decision-making</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a lobbyist?

    <p>Someone who influences policy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is lobbying?

    <p>Influencing policy through contacting lawmakers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between interest groups and political parties?

    <p>They sometimes work together and sometimes compete</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common insider tactic used by lobbyists?

    <p>Contacting lawmakers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of most interest groups in their lobbying efforts?

    <p>To influence decision-makers and public policies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of an outside lobbying tactic?

    <p>Placing stories and articles in the media</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some tactics used by interest groups to get their message out to the public?

    <p>Entering coalitions with other groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a membership group mentioned in the text?

    <p>The National Rifle Association (NRA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of interest groups?

    <p>To represent the views and concerns of a specific group of people</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe groups of institutions that join with others within the same trade or industry?

    <p>Associations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between inside lobbying and outside lobbying?

    <p>Inside lobbying takes the interest group's message directly to a government official, while outside lobbying targets the general public.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of a collective action problem?

    <p>Organizations must overcome collective action problems to be productive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to economist Mancur Olson, where are collective action problems prevalent?

    <p>Among organized interests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do most people take no action on most issues, according to the text?

    <p>Their action will likely have little bearing on whether a given policy is adopted</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a reason why some students choose to do little on a group project?

    <p>They prefer to do something else</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the phenomenon where some individuals can receive benefits without helping to bear the cost?

    <p>Free rider problem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do many listeners not contribute to National Public Radio's fund-raising efforts?

    <p>Their donation is unlikely to be decisive in whether NPR has adequate funding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What advantage do smaller, well-organized interest groups have in mobilizing compared to larger groups?

    <p>Opinions within smaller groups may be more similar, making it easier to reach consensus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do interest groups use incentives to overcome collective action problems?

    <p>To encourage members to join and participate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a situation where membership in an organization is required in order to participate in a profession?

    <p>Joining the American Bar Association to practice law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When could union membership be required of workers in the past?

    <p>In urban areas controlled by political machines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a reason why the wealthy and elites do not always win in every situation, according to the text?

    <p>Their position may be at odds with the wish of an attentive public</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the recent dispute between fast food chains and their employees about?

    <p>Minimum wage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of the dispute between fast food chains and their employees in New York?

    <p>The minimum wage for fast food employees was raised to $15 per hour</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a way in which interest groups offer opportunities for political participation?

    <p>Attending Tea Party protests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role did established interest groups play in promoting the aims of the Tea Party movement?

    <p>They actively supported and promoted the movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one issue that advocacy interest organizations like the Human Rights Campaign are currently dealing with?

    <p>Continuing discrimination against members of the LGBTQ community</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a reason for the increase in the number of interest groups in the United States?

    <p>Advancements in technology and social media</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which issues does the interest group Student PIRGs focus on?

    <p>Education costs and homelessness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some common barriers to political participation in the United States?

    <p>Wealth and education</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one reason why not every interest forms a group, according to political scientists?

    <p>Lack of resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a reason why individuals living in poverty may have limited opportunities to participate in politics?

    <p>They have financial barriers to participation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group is more likely to participate in the political process due to their tremendous resources?

    <p>Large corporations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main argument of pluralist scholars regarding representation in the political system?

    <p>People naturally join groups and compete for access to decision-makers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the elite critique, which interests are often overrepresented before government?

    <p>Businesses and the wealthy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which event is considered a turning point in LGBTQ identity and led to increased cultural acceptance and securing of rights?

    <p>The Stonewall Inn riots</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the Stonewall Inn in New York City?

    <p>It is a historic landmark for the LGBTQ movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of digital means used by interest groups to gain attention for their causes?

    <p>Hashtag activism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do interest groups frame issues to benefit their cause?

    <p>By using emotionally charged language</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between the terms 'climate change' and 'global warming'?

    <p>'Climate change' refers to the negative effects of human activity on the earth's temperature and weather patterns, while 'global warming' refers to alterations in the earth's climate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to political scientists Jeffrey Berry and Clyde Wilcox, what are some functions of interest groups?

    <p>Representing people and serving as a link between them and government, influencing public policy, and educating the public.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a grassroots movement mentioned in the text?

    <p>The Tea Party</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What has been a trend in lobbying over the past few decades?

    <p>Increased professionalization and sophistication of lobbying techniques.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group has the most influence on government policy decisions?

    <p>Wealthy voters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the iron triangle?

    <p>A hypothetical arrangement among three elements: interest groups, congressional committee members, and an agency within the bureaucracy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an alternate explanation for the arrangement of duties carried out by interest groups, legislators, and agency bureaucrats?

    <p>They are the experts in the given policy area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do neopluralist scholars argue about the influence of certain interests?

    <p>Certain interests are in a privileged position</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a challenge in assessing the influence of interest groups on lawmakers?

    <p>Uncertainty about the impact of interest group contributions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do interest group contributions primarily buy from lawmakers?

    <p>Access to lawmakers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason why it is difficult to determine the impact of interest group contributions on the Affordable Care Act (ACA)?

    <p>The ACA would have been different without interest group lobbying</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a result of the 2010 Supreme Court decision, Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission?

    <p>There is no limit to how much money unions or corporations can donate to super PACs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of political action committees (PACs)?

    <p>To collect funds from donors and distribute them to candidates who support their issues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a super PAC?

    <p>A PAC that can spend unlimited amounts of money on behalf of political candidates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a reason why interest groups support incumbents in elections?

    <p>Interest groups want access to the candidate who is likely to win</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do interest groups support candidates who are sympathetic to their views?

    <p>To gain access to lawmakers once they are in office</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one way interest groups influence governmental policy?

    <p>By providing lawmakers with information about technical details of policy proposals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do interest groups target members of relevant committees in the legislative process?

    <p>To directly inform other lawmakers about their positions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which branch of government do interest groups primarily focus on?

    <p>Legislative branch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of political parties, as stated in the text?

    <p>To nominate candidates for elections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one concern raised about the number of interests in the United States?

    <p>It leads to excessive lobbying and influence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some tactics used by interest groups to get their message out to the public?

    <p>Advertising, social media campaigns, and grassroots mobilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the products manufactured by Koch Industries?

    <p>Paper</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the 2012 election, how much money did the Koch brothers and their affiliates spend supporting Republican candidates?

    <p>$400 million</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Do some people argue that the ability to donate unlimited amounts of money to political candidates is protected as a First Amendment right?

    <p>Yes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following did lobbyist Jack Abramoff do during his time as a lobbyist for a prominent law firm?

    <p>Paid for trips for members of Congress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Jack Abramoff lobbying Congress for in relation to the Northern Mariana Islands?

    <p>Exempt the territory from paying the federal minimum wage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of Jack Abramoff's activities as a lobbyist?

    <p>He was sentenced to four years in prison</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What requirements do foreign lobbyists have to fulfill when lobbying the U.S. government?

    <p>Register as foreign agents under the Foreign Agents Registration Act</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission case do?

    <p>Allowed corporations and unions to spend unlimited amounts of money on elections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the McCutcheon v. Federal Election Commission case do?

    <p>Limited the amount of money individuals can donate to campaigns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act do?

    <p>Restricted the use of soft money in campaigns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the Federal Election Campaign Act require?

    <p>Required public disclosure of campaign contributions and their sources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which act increased restrictions on lobbying in 2007?

    <p>Honest Leadership and Open Government Act</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the penalty for knowingly violating the law regarding gift giving, according to the Honest Leadership and Open Government Act?

    <p>$200,000 fine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which former lawmakers are mentioned as examples of individuals who became lobbyists?

    <p>Trent Lott and Richard Gephardt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of disclosure requirements in lobbying?

    <p>To promote transparency and prevent accusations of vote buying</p> Signup and view all the answers

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