Preventive Health Behaviors - Unit 4

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Questions and Answers

What is a major consequence of stress on health?

  • Improved sleep quality
  • Enhanced immune function
  • Decreased energy levels
  • Increased risk of heart disease (correct)

Which condition is NOT caused by a lack of exercise?

  • Obesity
  • Diabetes
  • Inflammation (correct)
  • Heart disease

Which of the following is considered a water-soluble vitamin?

  • Vitamin K
  • Vitamin D
  • Vitamin C (correct)
  • Vitamin A

Which macronutrient is primarily responsible for providing amino acids?

<p>Proteins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does fat play in the body during caloric deprivation?

<p>Serves as an energy source (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What physiological reaction is primarily triggered in the 'fight or flight' response?

<p>Dilation of blood vessels (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a main factor contributing to good health?

<p>Social Media Use (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in the problem-solving method to manage stress?

<p>Gather information (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of an external stressor?

<p>New job (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the respiratory rate during a stress response?

<p>It increases to take in more oxygen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of stress management, what does it mean to evaluate the results?

<p>Determine if the chosen solution was effective (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common effect of adrenaline being released during a stress response?

<p>Dilation of pupils (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of the body reacting to a stressor?

<p>The body enters 'fight or flight' mode (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What are some health risks associated with stress?

Stress can lead to serious health problems like diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure, and obesity. It's important to manage stress levels for overall well-being.

Why is exercise important for preventing diseases?

Lack of exercise has significant consequences for health, increasing the risk of heart disease, diabetes, cancer, and obesity. Regular physical activity is vital for preventive health.

What are the health consequences of sleep deprivation?

Insufficient sleep affects mental and physical health. It can lead to depression, high blood pressure, diabetes, weaken the immune system, and impair memory. Getting enough sleep is crucial for overall health.

What are the three macronutrients and their main roles?

Macronutrients are essential nutrients that provide calories: protein, carbohydrates, and fats. Your body needs all three for energy, building blocks, and various functions.

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Explain the difference between water-soluble and fat-soluble vitamins.

Micronutrients include vitamins and minerals. The body cannot produce them, so we must obtain them from food. Water-soluble vitamins (B and C) are not stored, while fat-soluble vitamins (A, E, D, K) are stored in the liver and fat tissues.

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What is stress?

The body's response to any situation requiring adaptation to a changing environment.

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What are stressors?

Pressures or situations causing stress. They can be internal or external.

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What is 'fight or flight' mode?

A physiological response to stress, preparing the body for immediate action.

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What is adrenaline?

A hormone released during stress, amplifying the body's response to danger.

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What is the problem-solving method?

A systematic approach for managing stress by identifying and resolving the problem.

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What is the 4-step plan?

Steps to follow for managing stress when the situation is overwhelming or uncontrollable.

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What is stress management?

A strategy for dealing with stress by understanding the causes and learning techniques for managing them.

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What are the 5 main factors for good health?

Includes healthy eating, sleep, exercise, posture, and stress management. These contribute to overall well-being.

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Study Notes

Unit 4 - Preventive Health Behaviors - Greatest Hits

  • Stress can cause diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure, and obesity.
  • Lack of exercise can lead to heart disease, diabetes, cancer, and obesity.
  • Lack of sleep can cause depression, high blood pressure, diabetes, a weakened immune system, and poor memory. Sleep deprivation can also increase heart rate variability, increase the risk of heart disease, decrease reaction time, cause tremors, and aches. It can also negatively impact the immune system, resulting in symptoms like growth suppression, obesity risk, and decreased body temperature.
  • Essential nutrients include protein (with 22 amino acids), supporting muscle, brain, and other tissue growth; carbohydrates, converting to glucose for immediate or stored energy; and fats for energy during starvation or deprivation, insulation, and vital organ protection.
  • Micronutrients—vitamins and minerals—are essential to the body. Water-soluble vitamins are not easily stored (Vitamins B and C), while fat-soluble vitamins are stored in the liver and fatty tissues (Vitamins A, D, E, and K).

Stress

  • Stress is the body's response to stimuli requiring adjustments to a changing environment.
  • Change always initiates stress.
  • Stressors are situations, events, or concepts, encompassing both internal factors (e.g., heart attack) and external factors (e.g., new job).
  • Stressors trigger a "fight or flight" response in the body.
  • Adrenaline is released into the bloodstream; blood vessels dilate, pupils dilate, saliva production decreases, heart rate increases, sweat increases, and respiratory rate increases.

How to Manage Stress

  • Stressors are problems needing resolution or elimination.
  • If stress is manageable, employ problem-solving methods.
  • If stress is overwhelming, follow a 4-step plan:
  • Stop - Pause the stress-inducing activity
  • Breathe - Deep breaths to reduce physical tension
  • Reflect - Identify the stressor and its root causes
  • Choose - Select coping strategies to manage the stress

Essential Nutrients: Macronutrients

  • Protein: Provides amino acids for building tissues.
  • Carbohydrates: Convert into glucose for immediate or stored energy.
  • Fats: Important energy source, essential for insulation, cell function, and organ protection.

Essential Nutrients: Micronutrients

  • Vitamins & Minerals: Body cannot produce most vitamins and minerals, must obtain through food.
  • Water-soluble: Not easily stored (Vitamins B and C).
  • Fat-soluble: Stored in the liver (Vitamins A, D, E, and K).

Food Labels

  • Food labels provide nutritional information.
  • Calorie content, serving size, and percentages of daily values for various nutrients are key information on a food label.

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