Prevalence of Poor Mental Health in US Adults (2011-2022)
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary research question of this study?

  • To determine the prevalence of poor mental health across US adults.
  • To compare the reliability of different mental health surveys in the US.
  • To investigate the changing prevalence of mental health and differences across social groups in the US. (correct)
  • To identify specific causes of poor mental health in the US population.

    • Which of the following surveys was NOT used in this study?

  • American Community Survey (ACS) (correct)
  • National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH)
  • National Health Interview Survey (NHIS)
  • Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS)

    • How did the researchers assess poor mental health in the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) and National Health Interview Survey (NHIS)?

  • They used a standardized psychological distress scale like the Kessler-6. (correct)
  • They asked participants about their overall well-being using a self-report measure.
  • They conducted clinical interviews with participants to diagnose mental health conditions.
  • They compared participants' mental health scores to national averages.

    • Which group consistently showed higher levels of poor mental health in the BRFSS and NSDUH?

    <p>Female adults (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the researchers account for the fact that different surveys used different methodologies?

    <p>They conducted separate analyses for each survey and considered the differences in interpretations. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the general trend observed in the prevalence of poor mental health among US adults from 2011 to 2022 based on the three surveys?

    <p>Prevalence generally increased, with some variation across different age groups. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most likely explanation for the observed differences in poor mental health prevalence between the BRFSS and NSDUH compared to the NHIS?

    <p>The NHIS survey has inconsistent data collection protocols in recent years. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which age group did poor mental health prevalence stabilize or decrease between 2020 and 2022 based on the BRFSS and NSDUH data?

    <p>18-25 years old (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a notable observation regarding racial and ethnic disparities in poor mental health?

    <p>The gap in prevalence between Black and White adults narrowed or reversed direction. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following limitations was identified in the study?

    <p>The surveys used different methodologies and measures for poor mental health. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the study's findings for policymakers and healthcare professionals?

    <p>It highlights the need for further research on factors contributing to mental health trends. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these are considered metrics of poor mental health in this study? (Select all that apply)

    <p>Reporting 1 or more poor mental health days in the past 30 days. (B), Kessler-6 scores of 5 to 24. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The study found that poor mental health prevalence was higher among ____ adults and lower among ____ adults.

    <p>younger, older (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main takeaway regarding the disparities in prevalence of poor mental health across racial and ethnic groups?

    <p>White adults had higher rates of poor mental health than Black adults, which is a worsening trend. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of using three different national surveys in the study?

    <p>It enables the researchers to triangulate and validate findings across multiple data sources. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary implication of this research for understanding the trends in mental health in the US?

    <p>Mental health issues are increasing in the US, and the disparities persist and change over time. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS)

    A system that collects data on health-related risk behaviors in the US population.

    National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH)

    A survey that assesses substance use and mental health in the US.

    Poor Mental Health Days

    Days when individuals report their mental health is not good for 1 or more days.

    Psychological Distress

    A state characterized by symptoms of anxiety, depression, or emotional pain.

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    95% Confidence Interval (CI)

    A range indicating where the true population parameter lies with 95% certainty.

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    Mental Health Treatment Need

    The requirement for professional mental health services to address psychological issues.

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    American Indian or Alaska Native

    A US racial/ethnic group included in health surveys for demographic data.

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    Multiracial Individuals

    People who identify with more than one racial or ethnic group.

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    Poor Mental Health

    A condition reflecting psychological distress or impairment in functioning.

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    Kessler-6 Score

    A scale measuring psychological distress, ranging from 0 to 24.

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    BRFSS

    Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, a national health survey.

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    NSDUH

    National Survey on Drug Use and Health, assessing substance use and mental health.

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    NHIS

    National Health Interview Survey, collecting health and demographic information.

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    Prevalence Rates

    The proportion of a population experiencing a particular condition at a specific time.

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    Inequities in Mental Health

    Disparities in mental health outcomes among different social groups.

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    Survey Year Trends

    Patterns observed in survey data over specific years.

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    Demographic Characteristics

    Statistical data relating to the population segments being studied.

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    Younger Adults Mental Health

    Refers to the prevalence of poor mental health in younger age groups.

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    Female vs Male Mental Health

    Describes differences in mental health outcomes between genders.

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    Racial and Ethnic Disparities

    Differences in mental health outcomes among racial and ethnic groups.

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    Stability in Older Adults

    Refers to trends showing stable or increasing poor mental health in older populations.

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    Limitations of Surveys

    Factors that may affect the validity and comparability of survey results.

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    Policy Implications

    The potential impact of findings on health policy and interventions.

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    Study Notes

    Prevalence of Poor Mental Health in US Adults (2011-2022)

    • Study analyzed data from three national surveys (BRFSS, NSDUH, NHIS) to quantify poor mental health prevalence and inequities from 2011 to 2022.
    • Surveys assessed poor mental health using different measures: BRFSS measured one or more poor mental health days in the past 30 days, while NSDUH and NHIS assessed moderate-to-serious psychological distress (using the Kessler-6 scale).
    • Data from 2019, 2020, and 2022 were excluded in the NHIS due to survey redesign.
    • Weighted characteristics of the US adult population were similar across surveys. A noteworthy approximate 13% were aged 18-25 years, 51% were female, 16% were Hispanic, 5% were Asian, 12% were Black, and 64% were White.

    Key Findings (BRFSS and NSDUH)

    • Poor mental health prevalence ranged from 35.7% to 42.5% in BRFSS and 31.1% to 35.8% in NSDUH. Prevalence was considerably lower in NHIS (18.7% to 20.5%).
    • Prevalence was higher among younger adults but stabilized or decreased in younger adults from 2020 onward (NSDUH and BRFSS, respectively). Older adult prevalence increased or remained stable.
    • Prevalence was consistently higher among females than males, though this difference widened in 2020-2021 and decreased in 2022.
    • Racial and ethnic inequities shifted over time: for example, in 2011-2015 Black adults had higher prevalence than White adults, but this reversed in subsequent years, most markedly in 2020.

    Study Limitations

    • Different measures of poor mental health were used across surveys, though similar.
    • Discontinuities in NSDUH and NHIS data comparability (pandemic effects, survey changes) prevented time trend analyses.

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    Description

    This quiz explores the prevalence of poor mental health among US adults based on data from three national surveys conducted between 2011 and 2022. It highlights key findings regarding demographics, methodologies, and survey results, providing insights into mental health trends and disparities over the years.

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