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According to the passage, what factors increase the likelihood of developing distress or depression during pregnancy?
According to the passage, what factors increase the likelihood of developing distress or depression during pregnancy?
Chronic exposure to psychosocial stress
What practices related to fetal well-being can be compromised by maternal distress or depression?
What practices related to fetal well-being can be compromised by maternal distress or depression?
Abstinence from alcohol, tobacco, drugs, and utilization of prenatal education and care resources
According to the passage, what factors are strongly associated with difficulty in empathizing with and recognizing the fetus as separate from oneself?
According to the passage, what factors are strongly associated with difficulty in empathizing with and recognizing the fetus as separate from oneself?
High levels of trait anxiety, perceived stress, and depression
What are the two fundamental factors for the development of the maternal-fetal bond, according to the passage?
What are the two fundamental factors for the development of the maternal-fetal bond, according to the passage?
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According to the passage, what is the association between high levels of anxiety, stress, and depression, and the maternal-fetal bond?
According to the passage, what is the association between high levels of anxiety, stress, and depression, and the maternal-fetal bond?
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What is the relevant finding mentioned in the research by Massey et al. (2015) regarding tobacco consumption during pregnancy?
What is the relevant finding mentioned in the research by Massey et al. (2015) regarding tobacco consumption during pregnancy?
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According to the passage, what psychological factors can influence the generation of empathy towards the fetus?
According to the passage, what psychological factors can influence the generation of empathy towards the fetus?
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What is the potential consequence of maternal distress or depression on the affective bond with the fetus, as mentioned in the passage?
What is the potential consequence of maternal distress or depression on the affective bond with the fetus, as mentioned in the passage?
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According to the passage, what is the significance of recognizing the fetus as separate from oneself?
According to the passage, what is the significance of recognizing the fetus as separate from oneself?
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What is the potential impact of maternal distress or depression on prenatal care practices, as mentioned in the passage?
What is the potential impact of maternal distress or depression on prenatal care practices, as mentioned in the passage?
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