48 Questions
What is the major achievement during the germinal stage of development?
Rapid cell division leading to the formation of blastocyst
Which of the following terms describes the direction of development from head to tail or top-down?
Cephalocaudal
What is the critical period during pregnancy when the major organs are formed and are susceptible to external influences?
Embryonic stage
Which event marks the beginning of the fetal stage of development?
Start of bone formation
What structure eventually becomes the brain and spinal cord in human development?
Neural Tube
Which term refers to cell death in the process of cell development and differentiation?
Apoptosis
Which of the following best describes the germinal stage of prenatal development?
The zygote divides into a ball of cells and travels to the uterus.
Which of the following is a major achievement of the embryonic stage of prenatal development?
The formation of the neural tube, which will become the brain and spinal cord.
Which of the following is a characteristic of the fetal stage of prenatal development?
The fetus grows rapidly and develops most internal and external structures.
Which of the following is an example of a teratogen that can affect prenatal development?
Exposure to high levels of radiation.
Which stage of prenatal development is considered the most sensitive to environmental factors that can cause birth defects?
Embryonic stage
Which of the following best describes a critical period in prenatal development?
A specific time when the embryo is highly sensitive to environmental factors that can cause birth defects.
Which stage of prenatal development is considered the most susceptible to teratogens?
Embryonic stage
What is a critical or sensitive period in prenatal development?
A timeframe when the developing organism is more vulnerable to damage from teratogens
Which of the following is NOT a factor that influences the extent of harm caused by teratogens?
The socioeconomic status of the mother
During which stage of prenatal development does the germinal stage occur?
First two weeks after conception
What is the leading non-genetic cause of mental retardation in the United States?
Prenatal exposure to alcohol
Which of the following is NOT a potential consequence of high prenatal exposure to alcohol?
Increased risk of childhood obesity
Which of the following is a major achievement of the embryonic stage of prenatal development?
Formation of the nervous system and sensory organs
Which stage of prenatal development is considered the most susceptible to teratogens, or environmental factors that can cause birth defects?
Embryonic stage
Which of the following best describes a critical period in prenatal development?
A time when the fetus is particularly sensitive to environmental influences that can cause permanent changes or damage
What structure eventually becomes the brain and spinal cord in human development?
The neural tube
Which of the following is a factor that influences the extent of harm caused by teratogens?
All of the above
Which of the following is a major achievement of the germinal stage of prenatal development?
Fertilization of the egg by the sperm
What is the major achievement during the germinal stage of prenatal development?
Rapid cell division and formation of the blastocyst
Which stage of prenatal development is considered the most susceptible to teratogens?
Embryonic stage
What term describes the direction of development from head to tail or top-down?
Cephalocaudal
Which event marks the beginning of the fetal stage of development?
Attachment to the uterine wall
Which term refers to cell death in the process of cell development and differentiation?
Apoptosis
What is a critical or sensitive period in prenatal development?
The embryonic stage
Which of the following best describes the development of the baby's skin during the 18th week of pregnancy?
The skin is very vulnerable and the baby has sleeping and waking states.
What is the average length and weight of a baby at birth?
20 inches (51 cm) and 7 lbs (3.2 kg)
Which of the following is a major achievement of the fetal stage of prenatal development?
The formation of the baby's bones and the development of reflexes.
What is the critical period during pregnancy when the major organs are formed and are susceptible to external influences?
The embryonic stage
Which of the following best describes the process of brain development during the prenatal period?
Brain development occurs throughout the prenatal period and continues after birth.
What is the potential consequence of maintaining the same growth rate throughout pregnancy?
The baby would weigh around 200 lbs (90 kg) at birth.
During which stage of prenatal development do major organ systems begin to form and function, with each organ having a unique sensitive period influenced by different teratogens?
Embryonic stage
What specific factors influence prenatal development the most during the embryonic stage?
Dose, heredity, and timing
Why is the embryonic stage considered the most susceptible to teratogens?
Organs start to form and are vulnerable to damage.
What is a critical period in prenatal development?
A time of greater vulnerability to damage from teratogens.
Which of the following is a key factor determining the extent of harm caused by teratogens during prenatal development?
Heredity
What effect can high prenatal exposure to alcohol have on the developing fetus?
Facial and limb defects
What is a potential risk associated with maternal smoking during pregnancy?
Higher likelihood of premature labor
Which of the following can be a consequence of prenatal exposure to Thalidomide?
Development of deformities in limbs
How might exposure to environmental pollutants affect prenatal development?
Increased risk of developmental issues
What role does the age of the mother play in prenatal development?
Impact on the cumulative effects of various factors
Why are infants of mothers with low socioeconomic status particularly at risk during prenatal development?
The cumulative impact of multiple risk factors
Which factor plays a significant role in increasing the risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)?
Low birth weight of the baby
Test your knowledge on the 3 stages of prenatal development and the major achievements of each stage, as well as factors influencing prenatal development such as teratogens and critical periods. Learn about environmental agents that can cause harm during the prenatal period and understand how factors like dose, heredity, and timing can impact development.
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