Maxilla & Mandible Growth Quiz and Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

Which suture is NOT parallel to the others?

Zygomatico-maxillary suture

Frontozygomatic suture (correct)

Pterygopalatine suture

Zygomaticotemporal suture

What is the direction of growth at the zygomatico-maxillary suture?

Horizontally from side to side

Vertically from top to bottom

From upward anteriorly to downward posteriorly (correct)

From downward posteriorly to upward anteriorly

Which of the following contributes to the height of the maxilla?

Eruption of the upper permanent molars

Alveolar process development (correct)

Subperiosteal bone formation

Enlargement of the maxillary sinus

What is the process called when the maxillary sinus expands?

Pneumatization Signup and view all the answers

What occurs at the floor of the nasal cavity during maxillary growth?

Bone resorption Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of bone deposition on the oral surface of the palate?

Increase in the height of the maxilla Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the mandible?

Reception of the lower teeth Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape of the body of the mandible?

Curved and horizontal Signup and view all the answers

When does the palato-facial center of ossification for the premaxilla appear?

At the end of 6 week intrauterine Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the second center of ossification for the premaxilla?

Prevomerine center Signup and view all the answers

At what stage of development does the maxilla articulate with the other bones of the skull by 4 main sutures?

At birth Signup and view all the answers

What is the main location of the prevomerine center of ossification?

Along the outer alveolar wall Signup and view all the answers

When does the union between the maxilla and premaxilla occur?

At 8 weeks of intrauterine life Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the suture that the maxilla articulates with?

Franto-maxillary suture Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of growth that continues till 10 years of age?

Sutural growth Signup and view all the answers

Where do small areas of secondary cartilaginous centers appear?

Along the growing margin of the alveolar plate Signup and view all the answers

What is the pathway through which the ossification spreads in the backward direction?

Through the mesenchyme of the first branchial arch Signup and view all the answers

What marks the point of divergence of the ramus of the mandible from Meckel's cartilage?

The mandibular foramen Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape of the cartilage that appears in the region of the condyle?

Carrot-shaped Signup and view all the answers

What forms the posterior half of the ramus to the level of the inferior dental foramen?

The condylar cartilage Signup and view all the answers

When does the alveolar process start forming?

When the deciduous tooth germs reach the early bell stage Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the growth of the bone of the mandible on each side of the tooth germ?

The tooth germs come to be in a groove of bone Signup and view all the answers

What is the transient growth cartilage center that gives rise to the coronoid process?

The coronoid cartilage Signup and view all the answers

What is the pathway through which the inferior dental nerve lies?

Through the trough of bone Signup and view all the answers

What separates the mandibular canal from the bony crypts?

A horizontal plate of bone Signup and view all the answers

How does the growth of the mandible occur?

Mainly by secondary cartilages Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the growth of the mandible by secondary cartilages?

Increase in the overall length of the mandible Signup and view all the answers

At birth, what is the shape of the angle of the mandible?

Obtuse Signup and view all the answers

What is the size of the mental foramen at birth relative to the socket of the first deciduous molar tooth?

Beneath the socket Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the coronoid process at birth?

Large size Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of the condyloid portion at birth relative to the body of the mandible?

Nearly in line with the body Signup and view all the answers

What is the stage of growth during which the alveolar processes grow rapidly?

Tooth eruption Signup and view all the answers

At what age does the two segments of the mandible become joined at the symphysis?

During childhood Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate angle of the mandible at birth?

175 degrees Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the alveolar process in old age?

It is absorbed Signup and view all the answers

What is the position of the mental foramen in adulthood?

Midway between the upper and lower borders of the bone Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of the ramus in adulthood?

Almost vertical Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate angle of the mandible in adulthood?

110-120 degrees Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the mandibular canal in adulthood?

It runs nearly parallel with the mylohyoid line Signup and view all the answers

What is the main change that occurs in the body of the mandible during childhood?

It becomes elongated in its whole length Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the growth of the alveolar part in childhood?

The depth of the body increases Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate angle of the mandible in childhood?

140 degrees Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the sub-dental portion of the mandible in childhood?

It becomes thicker Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Development of the Premaxilla

Premaxilla ossification occurs through two centers: the palato-facial center and the prevomerine (paraseptal) center.
Palato-facial center appears by the end of 6 weeks, located above the lateral deciduous incisor germ, contributing to the inner wall of alveoli and the palatal part of the premaxilla.
Prevomerine center begins at 8-9 weeks, forming beneath the anterior vomer and contributing to the nasal paraseptal cartilage.
Union of maxilla and premaxilla occurs at 8 weeks of intrauterine life.

Accessory Cartilages

Accessory cartilaginous centers develop in the future zygomatic process and undergo rapid ossification.
Additional secondary cartilaginous centers form along the alveolar plate and midline of the hard palate.

Growth of the Maxilla

Growth continues until approximately 10 years of age, primarily through sutural growth, alveolar development, and subperiosteal bone formation.
Maxilla articulates with skull bones via four main sutures: fronto-maxillary, zygomatico-maxillary, zygomaticotemporal, and pterygopalatine.
Eruption of permanent teeth, especially upper molars, enhances maxillary arch length.
The maxillary sinus expands through bone resorption on the sinus side and deposition on the facial surface, a process known as pneumatization.

Development of the Mandible

The mandible is the strongest facial bone, composed of a horizontal body and two ramus portions meeting at nearly right angles.
Ossification spreads backward, forming a trough for the inferior dental nerve and eventually the mandibular canal.
The ramus develops from mesenchyme of the first branchial arch, diverging from Meckel’s cartilage.

Mandibular Cartilages

Condylar cartilage forms in the 12th week, shaping the condyle and posterior ramus half to the inferior dental foramen.
Coronoid cartilage appears transiently, contributing to the coronoid process and the anterior ramus half.

Alveolar Process Formation

The alveolar process initiates growth when deciduous tooth germs reach the early bell stage, forming a bony trough around tooth germs.
Septa of bone develop between adjacent tooth germs, allowing the formation of the mandibular canal and supporting nerves and blood vessels.

Mandibular Growth Patterns

Mandibular growth includes secondary cartilage contribution, especially from condylar cartilage, influencing height and overall length.
Age-related changes occur in the mandible:
- At birth, the body is a simple shell accommodating various teeth; mental foramen opens below the first deciduous molar.
- In childhood, body elongation occurs, increasing depth for additional teeth and aligning the mental foramen and mandibular canal with growth.
- In adulthood, alveolar and sub-dental body depths are equal, with a nearly vertical ramus and narrower angle (110° to 120°).
- In old age, the mandible reduces in size, involving alveolar process absorption and repositioning of the canal and foramen.

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Description

Test your knowledge of the premaxilla bone formation, including the palato-facial center and prevomerine center. Learn about the process of ossification and its significance in embryonic development.

Growth and Devolpment of Maxilla & Mandible

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