Pre-Solo Exam Cessna 172
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Questions and Answers

What personal documents and endorsements are you required to have while flying solo?

Student pilot certificate, medical certificate, valid government issued photo ID, logbook with CFI endorsement.

What are your student pilot limitations regarding carriage of passengers or cargo and flying for compensation or hire?

Cannot carry passengers, cannot carry property for compensation or hire, cannot fly for compensation or hire.

Explain student pilot limitations concerning visibility and flight above clouds. Draw the VFR Weather Minimums Triangle.

The VFR Weather Minimums Triangle.

Who has the final authority and responsibility for the operation of the aircraft when you are flying solo?

<p>PIC; you.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Discuss what preflight action concerning the airport and aircraft performance is specified in the regulations for a local flight.

<p>Fuel requirements, alternate airports, takeoff/landing calculations, weather, other pertinent information, runway lengths, known traffic delays.</p> Signup and view all the answers

You may not fly as pilot of civil aircraft within ___ hours after consumption of any alcoholic beverage, or while you have ___% by weight or more alcohol in your blood.

<p>8 hours, .04%.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the general requirements pertaining to the use of safety belts and shoulder harnesses?

<p>Lap belt must be worn at all times; shoulder harness required for taxi, takeoff, and landing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum fuel reserve for day VFR flight, and on what cruise speed is the fuel reserve based?

<p>Enough fuel to reach intended destination plus 30 minutes after, normal cruise speed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

A transponder with Mode C is required at all times in all airspace at and above ___ feet MSL, excluding that airspace at and below ___ feet AGL.

<p>10,000 MSL, 2,500 AGL.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What certificates and documents must be on board when you are flying solo?

<p>Airworthiness certificate, registration certificate, radio station license, operating limitations, weight and balance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

No person may operate an aircraft so close to another aircraft as to create a(n) ___.

<p>collision hazard.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who has the right-of-way when two aircraft are on final approach to land at the same time?

<p>The aircraft at the lower altitude has the right-of-way.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action do you need to take if you are overtaking another aircraft and which aircraft has the right-of-way?

<p>Pass aircraft to the right; aircraft being overtaken has the right-of-way.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should you do if you are flying on a head-on collision course with another aircraft?

<p>Make a turn to the right.</p> Signup and view all the answers

If another single-engine airplane is converging from the right, who has the right-of-way?

<p>The rightmost aircraft has the right-of-way.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Except when necessary for takeoffs and landings, what are the minimum safe altitudes when flying over congested and other than congested area?

<p>Congested: 1,000 ft above and 2,000 ft away from the highest obstacle; Other Than Congested: no closer than 500 ft from any person, vehicle, vessel, or structure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the altimeter setting is not available at an airport, what setting should be used before departing on a local flight?

<p>Set field elevation into altimeter.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When practicing steep turns, stalls, and maneuvering during slow flight, the entry altitude must allow recovery to be completed no lower than ___ feet AGL.

<p>3,000 ft AGL.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is a go-around appropriate?

<p>Whenever deemed necessary by the PIC; landing isn't safe.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What steps should you follow for an engine failure in flight?

<p>A - airspeed for best glide, B - best spot to land, C - checklists (FLOW), D - declare an emergency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

List the minimum equipment and instruments that must be working properly for a day VFR flight.

<p>Anti-collision lights, tachometer, oil pressure gauge, manifold pressure, airspeed indicator, temperature gauge, oil temperature gauge, fuel quantity indicator, landing gear position lights, altimeter, magnetic compass, ELT, safety belts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the V-speeds in a Cessna 172?

<p>Vso - stall speed in landing configuration = 40; Vs - stall speed in clean configuration = 48; Vy - best rate of climb = 74; Vx - best angle of climb = 62; Vfe - maximum flap extended speed 10° = 110; 20°-30° = 85; Va - maneuvering speed 90 @ 1900lbs; 105 @ 2550lbs; Vno - maximum structural cruising speed = 129; Vne - never exceed speed = 163; Vr - rotation speed = 55; Vg - best glide speed = 68.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the standard direction of turns in the traffic pattern? Give an example of a visual display indicating a nonstandard traffic pattern.

<p>Left traffic is standard; Airport Facility Directory (AFD), VFR sectional charts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is CTAF?

<p>Common Traffic Advisory Frequency; used to make position reports.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can you determine if a runway is closed?

<p>Marked with an X on runway, NOTAMs, ATIS.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the typical dimensions of class D airspace?

<p>4 nautical mile radius, 2,500 ft AGL.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the ATC light signals?

<p>In Flight: Steady Green = cleared to land; Flashing Green = return for landing; Steady Red = give way, continue circling; Flashing Red = airport unsafe, do not land; Flashing White = NA; Alternating Red and Green = extreme caution. On The Ground: Steady Green = cleared for takeoff; Flashing Green = cleared to taxi; Steady Red = STOP; Flashing Red = taxi clear of runway; Flashing White = return to starting point; Alternating Red and Green = extreme caution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

On a sectional chart, what does a dashed magenta line around an airport indicate?

<p>Class E airspace from surface.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the typical dimensions of class C airspace?

<p>Inner = 5 nautical mile radius; surface to 4,000 ft AGL; Outer = 10 nautical mile radius; 1,200 ft to 4,000 ft AGL.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Personal Documents and Endorsements

  • Required documents for solo flight include student pilot certificate, medical certificate, government-issued photo ID, and logbook with CFI endorsement.

Student Pilot Limitations

  • Student pilots cannot carry passengers or property for compensation/hire and cannot fly for compensation or hire.

Visibility and Flight Above Clouds

  • Must adhere to VFR Weather Minimums Triangle for visibility and cloud clearance rules.

Authority During Solo Flight

  • The pilot-in-command (PIC) holds final authority and responsibility for aircraft operation.

Preflight Action Regulations

  • Key considerations: fuel requirements, alternate airports, takeoff/landing calculations, weather, runway lengths, and known traffic delays.

Alcohol Consumption Restrictions

  • No flying within 8 hours after consuming alcohol or with a blood alcohol content of .04% or more.

Safety Belts and Shoulder Harness Requirements

  • Lap belts must be worn at all times; shoulder harnesses are required for taxi, takeoff, and landing.

Minimum Fuel Reserve

  • Sufficient fuel needed to reach the destination plus an additional 30 minutes after at normal cruise speed.

Transponder Requirements

  • Must have Mode C transponder at all times in airspace above 10,000 feet MSL, excluding airspace below 2,500 feet AGL.

Required Documentation for Solo Flight

  • Documents to carry include airworthiness, registration, radio station license, operating limitations, and weight and balance data.

Right-of-Way Regulations

  • In case of two aircraft on final approach, the lower altitude aircraft has the right-of-way; cutting in front is prohibited.

Overtaking Aircraft Protocol

  • Aircraft being overtaken has the right-of-way; pass to the right.

Head-on Collision Procedures

  • If on a collision course with another aircraft, perform a right turn.

Converging Aircraft Right-of-Way

  • Right-most aircraft holds the right-of-way when another single-engine airplane converges from the right.

Minimum Safe Altitudes

  • Congested areas: 1,000 feet above and 2,000 feet away from the highest obstacle. Other areas: 500 feet from persons, vehicles, or structures.

Altimeter Setting

  • If no altimeter setting is available, use field elevation for the altimeter before departure.

Altitude for Maneuvers

  • Steep turns, stalls, and slow flight practice must commence at an altitude allowing for recovery no lower than 3,000 feet AGL.

Go-Around Decision

  • A go-around is appropriate whenever deemed necessary by the PIC if landing conditions are unsafe.

Engine Failure Steps

  • Follow the checklist: airspeed for best glide, identify a landing spot, checklists (FLOW), and declare an emergency.

Minimum Instruments for Day VFR

  • Working instruments required: anti-collision lights, tachometer, oil pressure gauge, manifold pressure, airspeed indicator, temperature gauges, fuel quantity indicator, landing gear position lights, altimeter, magnetic compass, ELT, safety belts.

Cessna 172 V-Speeds

  • Important speeds include: Vso = 40 (stall landing config), Vs = 48 (clean), Vy = 74 (best rate climb), Vx = 62 (best angle climb), Vfe = 110 (10° flap), 85 (20°-30° flap), Va = 90@1900lbs, 105@2550lbs, Vno = 129 (max structural cruising), Vne = 163 (never exceed), Vr = 55 (rotation), Vg = 68 (best glide).

Traffic Pattern Turns

  • Standard traffic pattern is left. Nonstandard patterns can be identified in the Airport Facility Directory (AFD) and VFR sectional charts.

Common Traffic Advisory Frequency (CTAF)

  • Used for position reports and reporting traffic information.

Closed Runway Indications

  • Closed runways are marked with an "X" and confirmed through NOTAMs and ATIS.

Class D Airspace Dimensions

  • Typically defined as a 4 nautical mile radius extending up to 2,500 feet AGL.

ATC Light Signals

  • In-flight signals:
    • Steady Green = cleared to land
    • Flashing Green = return for landing
    • Steady Red = give way, continue circling
    • Flashing Red = unsafe to land
    • Alternating Red and Green = extreme caution
  • Ground signals:
    • Steady Green = cleared for takeoff
    • Flashing Red = taxi clear of the runway

Class E Airspace on Sectional Chart

  • Dashed magenta lines around an airport indicate Class E airspace from the surface.

Class C Airspace Dimensions

  • Illustrated by an inner 5 nautical mile radius from the surface to 4,000 feet AGL and an outer 10 nautical mile radius from 1,200 feet to 4,000 feet AGL.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the necessary documents and limitations for flying solo in a Cessna 172. This quiz covers essential aspects such as required certificates and student pilot restrictions to ensure safety and compliance. Perfect for aspiring pilots looking to solidify their understanding before hitting the skies.

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