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Companion Animal Advanced Clinical Management WEEK 3
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Companion Animal Advanced Clinical Management WEEK 3

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Questions and Answers

Praziquantel is most likely to effectively treat:

  • cestodes (correct)
  • protozoa
  • nematodes
  • rivertoads

    • Which drug has become a first-line antiemetic in dogs and cats and has an injectable formulation that may cause less stinging when chilled before injection?

  • maropitant (correct)
  • metoclopramide
  • ondansetron
  • prochlorperazine

    • Which drug is an upper GI prokinetic that also has antiemetic properties?

  • maropitant
  • diphenhydramine
  • metoclopramide (correct)
  • prochlorperazine

    • Which antiemetic drug would generally have the least likelihood of being effective for use in a feline patient?

    <p>diphenhydramine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When oral antacids are co-administered to patients taking a fluoroquinolone antibacterial drug, it is recommended to:

    <p>administer the fluoroquinolone, wait 2 hours, then administer the antacid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug has an evidence-basis for being the most effective choice to attain a sustained gastric pH increase?

    <p>pantoprazole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug forms a polymeric barrier over the gastric mucosa?

    <p>sucralfate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Sulfasalazine and 5-ASA are used to treat inflammatory disease occurring in the:

    <p>large intestine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is not an opioid?

    <p>apomorphine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Diphenhydramine, a ‘first-generation’ antihistamine (H1 receptor antagonist), is typical of many first-generation antihistamines in that it has anticholinergic (muscarinic cholinergic antagonist) effects. Which of the following is not an anticholinergic effect?

    <p>all are anticholinergic effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true?

    <p>A side effect of bismuth subsalicylate administration is black feces.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of secondary (extra-alimentary) gastroenteritis?

    <p>hepatic insufficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A canine patient with acute intractable vomiting and diarrhea is estimated to be 8% dehydrated. Which fluid choice is most appropriate for this patient?

    <p>Intravenous crystalloid fluids such as Lactated Ringer Solution (LRS)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition should you rule out before prescribing Maropitant?

    <p>GI obstruction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What blood work abnormality is COMMON in vomiting patients and should be corrected with fluid therapy?

    <p>hypokalemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug class is contraindicated in a patient currently on glucocorticoids?

    <p>NSAIDs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes an appropriate diet for symptomatic management of acute gastroenteritis?

    <p>low fat, low fiber, easily digestible diet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main indication for prescribing famotidine?

    <p>Treatment of gastric ulcers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true of gastroprotectants?

    <p>Misoprostol is used in the treatment of NSAID-induced gastric ulcers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about the use of antibiotics in cases of acute gastroenteritis?

    <p>Though rare, central nervous system signs have been associated with metronidazole administration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following patients would most likely require a more urgent workup and aggressive treatment protocol?

    <p>A dog with panhypoproteinemia and intermittent diarrhea.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why would testing a blood cobalamin level be potentially indicated in patients presenting with chronic gastrointestinal signs?

    <p>Cobalamin deficiency can support a diagnosis of distal small intestinal enteropathy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The following patients are presenting with chronic gastrointestinal signs. In which case should abdominal ultrasound be a top priority in the diagnostic workup?

    <p>A 13-year-old cat who has had a six-month history of progressive weight loss, daily hair balls, and progressively worsening diarrhea.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following patients would most likely benefit from a high fiber diet?

    <p>A cat with tenesmus and intermittent hematochezia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Due to the more significant patient preparation required for upper GI endoscopy, in a majority of patients, only colonoscopy is performed if diarrhea is the predominating sign.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about therapy for antibiotic-responsive diarrhea is the most correct?

    <p>Tylosin and metronidazole are the two most commonly prescribed antibiotics to manage antibiotic-responsive enteropathy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is true about the medication budesonide?

    <p>It is an oral corticosteroid with a high degree of topical activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about adverse food reactions is most correct?

    <p>Signs of gastrointestinal adverse food reactions include increased daily number of bowel movements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In an elimination diet trial to evaluate a differential diagnosis of cutaneous adverse food reaction, how long should the diet be fed?

    <p>8-12wks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or False: Serum testing for food-specific IgE is recommended for the diagnosis of adverse food reactions.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Pharmacology and Gastroenterology

    • Praziquantel is most likely to effectively treat certain parasites.
    • Metoclopramide is a first-line antiemetic in dogs and cats, and has an injectable formulation that may cause less stinging when chilled before injection.
    • Metoclopramide is an upper GI prokinetic that also has antiemetic properties.
    • Ondansetron would generally have the least likelihood of being effective for use in a feline patient.
    • When oral antacids are co-administered to patients taking a fluoroquinolone antibacterial drug, it is recommended to separate administration by at least 2 hours.
    • Antacids and sucralfate are recommended to separate administration by at least 2 hours when co-administered with fluoroquinolone antibacterial drugs.
    • Histamine-2 receptor antagonists have an evidence-basis for being the most effective choice to attain a sustained gastric pH increase.
    • Sucralfate forms a polymeric barrier over the gastric mucosa.
    • Sulfasalazine and 5-ASA are used to treat inflammatory bowel disease occurring in the colon.

    Antihistamines and Anticholinergics

    • Diphenhydramine, a ‘first-generation’ antihistamine (H1 receptor antagonist), has anticholinergic (muscarinic cholinergic antagonist) effects.
    • Tachycardia is not an anticholinergic effect.
    • Maropitant is contraindicated in patients with gastrointestinal obstruction or perforation.

    Gastroenterology

    • Secondary (extra-alimentary) gastroenteritis is exemplified by a condition caused by acute pancreatitis.
    • For a canine patient with acute intractable vomiting and diarrhea, estimated to be 8% dehydrated, a fluid choice with potassium supplementation is most appropriate.
    • Gastroesophageal reflux disease should be ruled out before prescribing Maropitant.
    • Hypochloremia is a common blood work abnormality in vomiting patients and should be corrected with fluid therapy.
    • Corticosteroids are contraindicated in a patient currently on NSAIDs.
    • A bland, easily digestible diet is appropriate for symptomatic management of acute gastroenteritis.
    • The main indication for prescribing famotidine is treatment of gastrointestinal ulcers.
    • Gastroprotectants are often used to treat gastrointestinal ulcers.
    • Antibiotics are not typically used in cases of acute gastroenteritis, unless there is a specific indication of bacterial involvement.
    • A patient with systemic signs, such as fever, and/or significant abdominal pain, would most likely require a more urgent workup and aggressive treatment protocol.

    Chronic Gastrointestinal Signs

    • Testing a blood cobalamin level may be potentially indicated in patients presenting with chronic gastrointestinal signs due to malabsorption.
    • Abdominal ultrasound should be a top priority in the diagnostic workup for a patient with a palpable abdominal mass.
    • A patient with chronic constipation would most likely benefit from a high fiber diet.
    • True: Due to the more significant patient preparation required for upper GI endoscopy, in a majority of patients, only colonoscopy is performed if diarrhea is the predominating sign.
    • Therapy for antibiotic-responsive diarrhea should include a probiotic and a prebiotic to promote a healthy gut microbiome.
    • Budesonide is a locally acting glucocorticoid that is used to treat inflammatory bowel disease.
    • Adverse food reactions are often caused by an immune-mediated reaction to a specific ingredient.
    • An elimination diet trial to evaluate a differential diagnosis of cutaneous adverse food reaction should be fed for at least 8-12 weeks.
    • False: Serum testing for food-specific IgE is not recommended for the diagnosis of adverse food reactions.

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