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Questions and Answers
A patient presents with a suspected helminth infection. If the infection is confirmed to be caused by tapeworms, which medication is most appropriate for treatment?
A patient presents with a suspected helminth infection. If the infection is confirmed to be caused by tapeworms, which medication is most appropriate for treatment?
- Albendazole
- Permethrin
- Ivermectin
- Praziquantel (correct)
A 6-year-old child is diagnosed with a pinworm infection. Which of the following treatments would be most suitable?
A 6-year-old child is diagnosed with a pinworm infection. Which of the following treatments would be most suitable?
- Pyrantel pamoate (correct)
- Malathion
- Lindane
- Ivermectin
A patient is diagnosed with pediculosis capitis. Which medication is least appropriate for treating this condition?
A patient is diagnosed with pediculosis capitis. Which medication is least appropriate for treating this condition?
- Ivermectin
- Praziquantel (correct)
- Permethrin
- Malathion
Which of the following medications is contraindicated for use during the first trimester of pregnancy?
Which of the following medications is contraindicated for use during the first trimester of pregnancy?
A patient presents with a scabies infection. While several treatment options exist, which of the following is considered a second-line treatment?
A patient presents with a scabies infection. While several treatment options exist, which of the following is considered a second-line treatment?
Which of the following drugs used to treat parasitic infections is also an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor?
Which of the following drugs used to treat parasitic infections is also an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor?
A patient with a helminth infection is prescribed mebendazole. This medication is effective against which type of worm?
A patient with a helminth infection is prescribed mebendazole. This medication is effective against which type of worm?
A patient is prescribed ivermectin for a parasitic infection. What is the primary mechanism of action?
A patient is prescribed ivermectin for a parasitic infection. What is the primary mechanism of action?
Which of the following statements accurately contrasts permethrin and lindane?
Which of the following statements accurately contrasts permethrin and lindane?
A patient is diagnosed with schistosomiasis. Which medication is the most appropriate choice for treatment?
A patient is diagnosed with schistosomiasis. Which medication is the most appropriate choice for treatment?
Flashcards
Praziquantel
Praziquantel
Drug of choice for most trematode (flukes) and cestode (tapeworm) infections.
Albendazole and Mebendazole
Albendazole and Mebendazole
Treats nematodes, whipworm, pinworm, and hookworm. Contraindicated in first trimester of pregnancy.
Pyrantel Pamoate
Pyrantel Pamoate
An over-the-counter medication used to treat pinworm infections.
Permethrin
Permethrin
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Ivermectin
Ivermectin
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Malathion
Malathion
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Lindane
Lindane
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Praziquantel Treats
Praziquantel Treats
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Albendazole Treats
Albendazole Treats
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Topical Treatments
Topical Treatments
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Study Notes
Treatment of Helminth Infections
- Praziquantel treats cestodes (flatworms and tapeworms) and trematodes (flukes like schistosomiasis).
- Albendazole or mebendazole treat nematodes.
- Ivermectin treats filariasis.
- Diethylcarbamazine treats roundworms (whip, pin, hook).
Praziquantel
- Treats trematodes (flukes) and cestodes (tapeworms).
- Treats schistosomiasis, liver flukes, cysticercosis (caused by the larval stage of the tapeworm Taenia solium), and tapeworms.
Albendazole and Mebendazole
- Albendazole treats nematodes.
- Mebendazole treats whipworm, pinworm, hookworm, microsporidiosis, hydatid disease, and neurocysterosis.
- Mebendazole has a wide spectrum of activity with nematodes.
- Contraindicated during the first trimester of pregnancy.
Pyrantel Pamoate
- Treats nematodes, specifically pinworm and is available over the counter.
Treatment of Scabies Mite/Louse (Sarcoptes scabiei)
- Permethrin (topical) and ivermectin (oral) are treatments.
- Lindane (topical) is a second-line treatment.
Treatment of Pediculosis/Lice (Pediculus and Pthirus)
- Permethrin (topical), ivermectin (topical), and malathion (topical) are treatments.
Permethrin
- Inhibits sodium channel deactivation, causing neuronal membrane deactivation.
- FDA approved for scabies (crusted and non-crusted) and pediculosis (capitis, corporis, pubis).
- Topical use only; do not ingest.
- Side effects include burning, pruritus, erythema, and tingling.
- Typically needs a second treatment 10-14 days after the first.
Ivermectin
- Increases invertebrate nerve and muscle cell membrane permeability by binding to chloride ion channels, resulting in paralysis and death of the parasite.
- Non-FDA approved for scabies (crusted and non-crusted) orally and pediculosis (capitis, corporis, and pubis) topically.
Malathion (Organophosphate Pediculicides)
- Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, leading to the accumulation of acetylcholine at nerve synapses.
- FDA approved for pediculosis (capitis, corporis, and pubis).
- Topical use only; do not ingest.
- Side effects include burning, pruritus, erythema, and tingling.
Lindane
- Directly absorbed into parasites and ova, blocks GABA channels, leading to death.
- FDA approved for scabies (non-crusted).
- Has restricted distribution in many areas of the U.S, and is not a popular agent but may be on the boards.
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