Questions and Answers
What are the two main types of research methods?
Quantitative research is based on measurement or quantity.
True
What is a phenomenon in the context of research?
An existing or observable fact or situation that we want to understand.
Quantitative research uses ____ collected and statistically analyzed data.
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Name one statistical analysis method used in quantitative research.
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Data gathered in quantitative research must be qualitative.
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Which of the following is a characteristic of quantitative research?
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What is one strength of quantitative research?
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What is a weakness of quantitative research?
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What type of quantitative research is used to describe a phenomenon?
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What is the goal of correlational design in quantitative research?
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What distinguishes experimental design from quasi-experimental design?
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Ex post facto design involves manipulating an independent variable.
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Study Notes
Introduction to Quantitative Research
- Research methods are classified into two main types: quantitative and qualitative; quantitative focuses on measurement and quantity.
- Quantitative research involves scientifically collected, statistically analyzed data to explore observable phenomena.
- Data must be numerical and quantifiable, allowing statistical analysis techniques such as Pearson's r, t-test, and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA).
Characteristics of Quantitative Research
- Large Sample Size: Ensures meaningful statistical results by gathering data from many subjects.
- Objectivity: Data gathering and analysis are conducted without researcher bias, relying on factual observation.
- Visual Result Presentation: Numerical data allows clear and effective visual representations.
- Faster Data Analysis: Utilization of statistical tools streamlines the process.
- Generalizable Data: Findings from a sample can apply to the larger population if proper sampling techniques are used.
- Fast Data Collection: Standardized instruments facilitate quick data acquisition from large samples.
- Reliable Data: Objective analysis fosters credibility for decision-making and policymaking.
- Replication: The research method can be repeated to confirm findings, enhancing validity.
Strengths of Quantitative Research
- Findings can be replicated to verify results.
- Research results are generalizable across populations.
- Establishes cause and effect relationships conclusively.
- Numerical data aids in predicting outcomes effectively.
- Enables rapid analysis with statistical software.
- Facilitates quick data gathering processes.
- Maintains objectivity in results.
- Validity and reliability are easily measurable.
Weaknesses of Quantitative Research
- May lack depth in exploring complex problems or experiences.
- Fails to provide comprehensive explanations of human behavior.
- Cannot capture nuanced information, such as emotions or beliefs, which aren't quantifiable.
- Research design tends to be rigid, limiting flexibility.
- Respondents often limited to fixed response options, potentially skewing data.
- Risk of respondents providing inaccurate or biased answers.
Types of Quantitative Research Designs
- Descriptive Design: Observes and describes phenomena without manipulation or hypothesis testing, e.g., studying physical activities of students during quarantine.
- Correlational Design: Examines relationships between variables based on observations, such as the link between physical activity and academic performance.
- Quasi-Experimental Design: Investigates cause-and-effect relationships with less validity due to no random selection; compares treatment and control groups, e.g., effects of unemployment on safety protocol adherence.
- Ex Post Facto Design: Analyzes relationships between past events and current conditions without manipulation, e.g., how parental academic success affects children’s obesity.
- Experimental Design: Employs random assignment to establish definitive cause-and-effect relationships, e.g., comparing antibiotic effectiveness on pneumonia treatment.
Experimental Design Features
- Involves manipulating an independent variable, e.g., medication.
- Participants are randomly assigned to treatment and control groups, enhancing reliability of results.
- Random assignment distinguishes effects attributable to the independent variable from those of confounding factors.
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Description
Dive into the fundamentals of quantitative research in Practical Research 2. This quiz will cover key concepts and the differences between quantitative and qualitative research methods. Understand how these methodologies contribute to the field of inquiry and data analysis.
