Practical Research 2 Exam Review
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Questions and Answers

Which student has the highest average score across all subjects?

  • Alice
  • Emma
  • Daniel (correct)
  • Bob

In which subject does Bob perform the best?

  • Science
  • English
  • Math (correct)
  • History

Which statistical technique is appropriate for finding relationships between categorical variables?

  • Spearman Rho
  • Pearson r (correct)
  • Pearson Correlation
  • None of the above

Which subject received the highest mean score based on the scores provided?

<p>English (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which subject got the lowest mean score based on the scores provided?

<p>Science (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a negative relationship suggest in a study about social media hours and mental health scores?

<p>More hours relate to lower mental health scores (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what situation would Researchers favor using Spearman Rho over Pearson Correlation?

<p>When examining associations between ordinal data (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the implication of a research study's conclusions?

<p>It logically connects findings to the theoretical framework (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of data do close-ended questionnaires primarily yield?

<p>Quantitative data (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key purpose of writing the background information in the research intervention process?

<p>To introduce and explain the relevance of the intervention (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of t-test is appropriate for comparing the means of two non-independent samples?

<p>Independent Samples t-test (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a pie chart in data representation?

<p>To display how parts of a whole compare to each other (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which analysis is used when examining the relationship between two variables?

<p>Bivariate analysis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a null hypothesis generally predict?

<p>There is no relationship between variables (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is required for an experimental study according to Fraenkel?

<p>At least 30 respondents (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When using ANOVA, what can be determined?

<p>Comparing means of two or more groups (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a comparative study typically involve?

<p>Examining multiple samples on one or more variables at a single point in time (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which research design is most appropriate for determining respondents' perceptions about a program?

<p>Descriptive (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines a purposive sampling procedure?

<p>Picking respondents due to their background knowledge or interest in the topic (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which scale do numbers represent equal distances from a known zero point?

<p>Ratio Scale (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary purpose of a survey in research?

<p>To gather facts or information about a subject or object (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Comparative Study

A research design that compares two or more groups to identify differences in variables.

Descriptive Study

A research design that describes characteristics or perceptions without manipulating variables.

Experimental Study

Research manipulating variables to determine cause-and-effect relationships.

Correlational Study

A research design that assesses the relationship between variables.

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Purposive Sampling

Selecting research participants based on specific traits.

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Average Score

The sum of all scores divided by the number of scores.

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Highest Performing Subject

The subject with the highest average score across all students.

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Lowest Performing Subject

The subject with the lowest average score across all students.

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Negative Relationship

As one variable increases, the other variable decreases.

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Pearson Correlation

A statistical technique used to measure the relationship between two continuous variables.

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Spearman Rho

A statistical technique used to measure the relationship between two ordinal variables.

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Conceptual Implications

What would happen in a real-world scenario if the research findings were true.

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Research Conclusion

A summary that answers the research questions and connects to the study's findings and implications.

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Quantitative Data

Numerical data collected from close-ended questionnaires.

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Qualitative Data

Descriptive data collected from structured observations.

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Intervention Purpose

Deliberate action to measure its effect on a population, system, or environment, primarily in experimental and quasi-experimental research.

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Null Hypothesis

Prediction that there's no relationship or significant difference between groups on a variable.

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Independent Samples t-test

Comparing means of a continuous variable in two non-identical groups.

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ANOVA

Useful for comparing two or more means.

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Sample

A group within a larger target population studied to generalize findings to the whole population.

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Pie Chart

Graph representing the proportion of parts compared to the whole.

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Study Notes

Practical Research 2 - Second Quarter Exam Review

  • Research Designs:

    • Comparative: Compares two or more groups at a single point in time.
    • Descriptive (Non-Experimental): Used to understand perceptions of a program.
    • Experimental: Manipulates variables to determine cause-and-effect.
    • Correlational: Identifies relationships between variables.
    • Purposive: Selects respondents based on specific knowledge or enthusiasm.

  • Types of Variables:

    • Ordinal: Categorical variables with a natural order.
    • Ratio: Represents equal intervals with a true zero point.
    • Interval: Represents equal intervals but without a true zero point.

  • Data Collection Methods:

    • Questionnaire: A set of questions for structured responses.
    • Survey: Collecting information through interviews or questionnaires.
    • Structured Observation: Standardized observation, leading to quantitative data.

  • Research Concepts:

    • Population: The entire group of individuals with a shared characteristic.
    • Sample: A subgroup of the population.
    • Null Hypothesis: Predicts no relationship or significant difference.
    • Intervention: A deliberate action in experimental research.
    • Independent Samples t-test: Compares means of a variable for two independent groups.
    • ANOVA: A statistical test for comparing means of a variable across more than two groups.

  • Charts and Graphs:

    • Pie Chart: Displays proportions of a whole.
    • Bivariate Data: Data involving two variables (e.g., height and age).
    • Univariate Analysis: Examines characteristics of a single variable.

Student Performance Analysis

  • Student Performance Table: Includes math, science, English, and history scores for multiple students.
  • Highest Average: The student with the highest average score across all subjects is to be determined from the data provided.
  • Best Subject: Bob's best subject and his performance compared to others in that subject should be determined from the data.
  • Mean Scores: The mean (average) score for each subject should be determined from the table to identify the subject with the highest and lowest average.

Study on Social Media and Mental Health

  • Negative Relationship: A study potentially finding a negative relationship between social media use and mental health, meaning more hours spent on social media could be associated with lower mental health scores.
  • Statistical Techniques:
    • Person r: Appropriate for measuring the linear relationship between two variables using numerical data.
    • Spearman Rho: Appropriate if using ordinal data.
  • Conclusions and Recommendations: Including elements such as a summary of findings, suggested applications, and/or limitations of the study, should be present in a well-structured paper.

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Prepare for your Second Quarter Exam in Practical Research 2 with this comprehensive review. Explore various research designs, types of variables, and data collection methods essential for your understanding of research principles. Test your knowledge and readiness for the upcoming exam.

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