39 Questions
What is the size range for a bacterial cell in micrometers?
2.0 to 8.0
The word 'Bacillus' may specifically refer to:
rod-shaped cells and a specific genus
What structural component is responsible for the Gram staining differences in bacteria?
cell wall
What is the primary component of the bacterial cell wall?
peptidoglycan
Which compound is a characteristic component of the cell wall in gram-positive bacteria?
teichoic acid
What is present in the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria?
lipopolysaccharide
Which size range is NOT typical for a bacterial cell?
-2.0 to 2.0 µm
Which term is used to describe bacteria that divide in multiple planes and form grapelike clusters?
Staphylococci
How do bacteria typically divide?
Binary fission
Which of the following statements is true for prokaryotes?
They generally lack organelles.
What is the typical length range for MOST bacteria?
1.0 to 4.0 µm
Which term describes bacteria that divide in long chains?
Streptococci
What is the method of reproduction for bacteria where a protective coat is formed around their DNA?
Spore formation
Which of the following components is NOT typically found in prokaryotic cells?
Nucleus
What is the main function of the cell wall in most bacterial cells?
Protection from desiccation
Which bacterial structure helps in distinguishing among serovars of gram-negative bacteria?
Fimbriae
What are the proteins that distinguish among serovars of gram-negative bacteria found in?
Fimbriae
What are molecules of extrachromosomal DNA in bacteria known as?
Plasmids
Inclusions of iron oxide in bacteria are found in structures known as?
Magnetosomes
Which structure allows a cell to survive adverse environmental conditions?
Endospore
What is the function of filament hook in bacteria?
Contribute to cell movement
Which structure plays a role in the adhesion of bacteria to surfaces?
Pili
'Gas vacuoles' are primarily involved in what cellular function?
Providing buoyancy control
What protects pathogenic bacteria from phagocytosis?
Endospore
Which of the following is characteristic of acid-fast cell walls?
Mycolic acid
What type of bacteria possesses a tuft of flagella at one end of its cell?
Lophotrichous
Which structure is NOT a part of a flagellum?
Fimbriae
What does the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria contain?
Lipopolysaccharide
How do spirochetes move?
Axial filaments
What is the structure that gives acid-fast cell walls resistance to chemicals?
Mycolic acid.
What is the term for a bacterium possessing flagella all over its surface?
Peritrichous.
Which organelle processes, modifies, and sends proteins to their correct destination?
Golgi complex
Which organelle contains enzymes that can oxidize various organic substances?
Peroxisome
Which organelle synthesizes phospholipids, fats, and steroids?
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Which of the following contain 70S ribosomes?
Prokaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts
What is the function of peroxisomes in a cell?
Breakdown of fatty acids and detoxification of harmful substances
Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis in plant cells?
Chloroplast
Where can 80S ribosomes be found in eukaryotic cells?
Cytoplasm and rough endoplasmic reticulum
Which organelle is involved in cellular waste disposal and recycling?
Vacuole
Test your knowledge on the functional anatomy of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells with this set of clicker questions prepared by Bradley W. Christian from McLennan Community College. Identify bacteria that divide in multiple planes and form grapelike clusters.
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