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Questions and Answers
What characterizes the output voltage of an unfiltered power supply?
What characterizes the output voltage of an unfiltered power supply?
- Constant DC voltage with minimal ripple
- High frequency AC signal without any DC component
- Pulsating DC voltage with significant AC ripple (correct)
- Stable DC output with no ripple
What is the primary function of a rectifier in a power supply?
What is the primary function of a rectifier in a power supply?
- To step up or step down AC voltage
- To convert AC current to DC current (correct)
- To filter out unwanted AC components
- To convert AC voltage to high-frequency AC
Which component is commonly used in a filter circuit to achieve a stable DC output?
Which component is commonly used in a filter circuit to achieve a stable DC output?
- Rectifier
- Capacitor (correct)
- Transformer
- Voltage regulator
What is the ultimate goal of a filtered power supply?
What is the ultimate goal of a filtered power supply?
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How does a low-pass filter function in a power supply circuit?
How does a low-pass filter function in a power supply circuit?
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Study Notes
Power Supply Fundamentals
- A power supply converts AC voltage to DC voltage.
- Unfiltered Power Supply provides pulsating DC voltage. The output contains significant AC ripple.
- Filtered Power Supply has a more stable DC output with minimal ripple.
Key Components in Power Supplies
- A transformer adjusts AC voltage. It can increase (step-up) or decrease (step-down) voltage.
- A rectifier converts AC voltage to DC voltage.
- A filter circuit blocks AC components and allows DC components to reach the load.
- A voltage regulator maintains a constant DC voltage and reduces ripple.
Types of Filters
- Capacitor filters are the most common filter type.
- Low-pass filters allow low-frequency signals to pass through while blocking high-frequency signals.
Ripple and Voltage
- V peak to peak describes the maximum voltage change in one AC cycle.
- Vdc = 2Vm / π is the formula for calculating the average voltage in a full-wave rectifier.
- Ripple is the small AC component present in the DC output.
Goal of Filtered Power Supply
- The goal of a filtered power supply is to convert AC voltage to a smooth, stable DC voltage with minimal ripple.
- A capacitor is a key component used within the filter circuit.
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