4AE3 U3 C1 Review
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of Power Engineers?

  • Electrical energy transmission
  • Designing industrial boilers
  • Manufacturing metal parts
  • Producing and controlling steam (correct)

    • What is the primary difference between steam production at home and in industry?

  • Type of fuel used
  • Boiler design
  • Temperature of steam
  • Scale of production (correct)

    • What is a key characteristic of a good heat transfer fluid?

  • High viscosity
  • Low mass heat transfer
  • Non-toxicity (correct)
  • High toxicity

    • What is the primary reason industry uses steam in many processes?

    <p>Effective heat transfer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the volume of water when it is converted to steam?

    <p>It expands to several hundred times its volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of energy is used to drive machines in metal forming processes?

    <p>Electrical energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate ratio of the volume of a unit mass of steam to a unit mass of water at 100°C?

    <p>1600 times</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of heat in a steam boiler?

    <p>Burning of fossil fuels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does the temperature of water in a sealed boiler increase above 100°C?

    <p>Because the pressure of the boiling water increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical temperature of superheated steam?

    <p>500°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary use of steam in the food industry?

    <p>Peeling potatoes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is steam used in the tanning industry?

    <p>To control humidity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the steam cycle in a power plant?

    <p>To generate electricity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the condensed steam that is reused in the steam cycle?

    <p>Condensate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the steam cycle efficient?

    <p>Because it reuses the condensate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What drives the refrigeration compressors in some food and beverage plants?

    <p>Steam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the steam trap do in the unit heater?

    <p>Allows only condensate to pass through</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does the condensate naturally flow to the bottom of the unit heater?

    <p>Water is denser than steam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would happen if there was no steam trap in the unit heater?

    <p>Steam would vent to the atmosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the condensate return to the boiler after it is cooled in the tank?

    <p>It is pumped back by a condensate pump</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it essential for the steam trap to restrict the flow of steam in the unit heater?

    <p>To ensure steam spends enough time in the heat exchanger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if the steam trap malfunctions and allows steam to continue through the heater without condensing?

    <p>Heat will not be provided effectively</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would occur if the condensate were not pumped back into the boiler after cooling?

    <p>The unit heater would eventually fill up with steam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it necessary to keep the steam in the unit heater for a sufficient amount of time?

    <p>To enable the steam to give up its heat and condense</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would be the consequence of steam venting to the atmosphere from the condensate tank?

    <p>Heat, water, and chemicals would be wasted</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the outlet with a steam trap at the base of the unit heater?

    <p>To prevent steam from flowing out of the unit heater</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key difference between the steam cycle in a simple system and a complex energy plant?

    <p>The number of stages in the steam cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would be the result of the steam not condensing in the unit heater?

    <p>The steam would flow directly to the condensate tank</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is steam considered an ideal heat transfer fluid?

    <p>It has the ability to transfer a lot of heat with a small mass.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does water's property of expanding when converted to steam benefit industrial processes?

    <p>It allows for easier fluid handling due to reduced volume.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of Power Engineers in industrial settings?

    <p>To control the equipment that produces steam.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do many industrial processes rely on the transfer of heat energy?

    <p>As a means to facilitate the manipulation of raw materials into final products.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes water an excellent medium for transferring heat in various industrial applications?

    <p>Its property of transferring a lot of heat with minimal mass.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the industrial production of steam from the domestic boiling of water?

    <p>The volume of water boiled per hour, with domestic kettles boiling much less.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process occurs when water is heated in a closed steam boiler?

    <p>The water and steam reach temperatures higher than 100°C.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is steam considered a very effective heat transfer medium?

    <p>A small amount of steam contains a high energy potential.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of power engineers encountering the varied uses of steam throughout their careers?

    <p>To ensure the safe operation of industrial machinery powered by steam.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which industry sector can superheated steam at high pressures be commonly found?

    <p>Thermal electric power generation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the steam cycle contribute to the efficiency of energy transfer in industrial processes?

    <p>By allowing condensate to be reused due to its purity and heat content.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the pressure of the steam in a closed steam boiler?

    <p>It raises the temperature of the water and steam above 100°C.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is steam used in the food industry to peel potatoes?

    <p>To raise the temperature of the moisture film under pressure to blow the skin off.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is condensed steam utilized in the steam cycle to increase its efficiency?

    <p>Condensate is pumped back into the boiler to be vaporized.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the tanning industry to maintain humidity when processing animal hides?

    <p>To ensure the hides remain flexible and do not shrink.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does steam play in the mining and metal refining industry?

    <p>To assist in recovering oil by providing driving pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant environmental benefit associated with a 1% increase in efficiency of a thermal generating station?

    <p>Reduced CO2 emissions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary responsibility of Power Engineers in smaller plants?

    <p>To assume total responsibility for the safe and efficient functioning of the plant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of Power Engineers in maintaining power plant equipment?

    <p>To diagnose process abnormalities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary result of efficient energy conversion?

    <p>Reduction in energy consumption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of a 1% increase in efficiency of a thermal generating station in terms of CO2 emissions?

    <p>A 7850 kg reduction in CO2 emissions per hour</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Power Engineers in energy conversion?

    <p>To convert energy efficiently, safely, and with minimal environmental impact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Power Engineers in industrial settings?

    <p>To diagnose and repair equipment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of a Power Engineer in a thermal electric generating station?

    <p>To convert energy efficiently and safely</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of a 1% increase in overall plant efficiency?

    <p>It results in a savings of $120 per hour</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of a royal proclamation by Edward I of England in 1306?

    <p>It prohibited the use of sea coals in furnaces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Power Engineers in jurisdictions where they are permitted to perform mechanical repairs?

    <p>To take turns repairing or replacing equipment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason Power Engineers are concerned with the safety of energy conversion?

    <p>Because the mishandling of large amounts of energy poses immediate danger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of a thermal generating station operating at full capacity?

    <p>The burning of 300 000 kg of lignite coal per hour</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of Power Engineers in ensuring the safety of energy conversion?

    <p>To recognize safe conditions and intervene appropriately</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of Power Engineers' efficient operation of a plant?

    <p>It reduces the overall plant energy, manufacturing, and production costs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the development of the steam engine in the nineteenth century?

    <p>It provided a source of steady and reliable mechanical power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Power Engineers in planning and coordinating repairs and maintenance?

    <p>To coordinate the timing and planning of repairs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of a Power Engineer?

    <p>They have a broad range of knowledge and skills</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of Power Engineers' training and certification?

    <p>To become knowledgeable and adept at the efficient, safe, and environmentally responsible conversion of energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of a 1% increase in efficiency of a thermal generating station on acid-rain forming compounds, carbon monoxide, heavy metals, and mercury?

    <p>The same percentage reduction as CO2 emissions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary requirement for Power Engineers when operating, testing, maintaining, or repairing equipment?

    <p>To strictly adhere to site-specific policies and procedure manuals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common schedule for Power Engineers working 12-hour shifts?

    <p>Four teams with a 28-day rotation cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential hazard that Power Engineers must guard against?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do Power Engineers work with control instrumentation?

    <p>To increase their understanding of control instrumentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a benefit of working in a central control room?

    <p>It is a climate-controlled environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of procedure manuals in a power plant?

    <p>To set out methods and practices for operating, testing, and repairing equipment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a result of the 12-hour shift schedule shown in Figure 8?

    <p>Each team works 168 hours over 28 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an important aspect of a Power Engineer's role?

    <p>To mentor junior employees in developing sound practices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the working environment in a power plant?

    <p>It is dirty, dusty, smoky, and noisy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a benefit of the 12-hour shift schedule for Power Engineers?

    <p>It allows for several days off grouped together</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes Power Engineers ideal candidates for operating complex processes and equipment?

    <p>Their understanding of equipment operation and design limitations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary aspect of the activities of Power Engineers on the job?

    <p>Addressing the full range of heat generation and utilization processes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In large plants, what role might Power Engineers play concerning the operation of equipment?

    <p>Directing others on how to effectively operate a shift.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it unnecessary for Power Engineers to know all design aspects?

    <p>To focus on interpreting design specifications effectively.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic must Power Engineers possess to work with sophisticated controls and processes?

    <p>Understanding of process design requirements and equipment limitations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following would be within the scope of operations for supervised Power Engineers in large plants?

    <p>Supervising processes involved in industrial refrigeration plants.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What led to serious accidents in power plants due to the actions of unqualified personnel?

    <p>Design of boilers to operate at higher pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for which insurance underwriters and governments became involved in power plant operations?

    <p>Certification of operators and equipment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the Power Engineering profession, who may be involved in tasks such as operating valves, observing levels, and checking combustion conditions in very small plants?

    <p>The novice engineer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key responsibility of control room operators in modern power plants?

    <p>Interpret information to control boilers and generators</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the progression system in power plants aim to achieve for workers?

    <p>Increased skill levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did the design of boilers to operate at higher pressure become a cause for concern?

    <p>Accidents due to unqualified personnel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a crucial reason for the increasing responsibilities of modern Power Engineers?

    <p>Efficiency improvements in plants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do central control rooms in power plants impact the number of engineers required for operation?

    <p>Enable fewer engineers to operate automated systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of automatic control systems in larger power plants?

    <p>Handle tasks that would otherwise require many engineers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did the government regulate the Power Engineering profession in Canada and parts of the United States?

    <p>To define the scope of work permitted by law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the legislative requirement of Power Engineers in Canadian industry?

    <p>To ensure the safe operation of complex equipment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key aspect of Power Engineers' understanding of equipment operation?

    <p>Comprehending and interpreting design specifications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what type of facilities may supervised Power Engineers operate and maintain equipment?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of Power Engineers' on-the-job activities?

    <p>Addressing the entire spectrum of heat generation and heat utilization processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of Power Engineers' ability to comprehend and interpret design specifications?

    <p>It enables them to operate and maintain equipment safely and efficiently</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In large plants, what role may Power Engineers play in addition to operating equipment?

    <p>Directing others to operate a shift safely and efficiently</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason Power Engineers are able to advance to take on increasingly more responsible roles?

    <p>Their broad range of knowledge and skills in energy conversion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of efficient energy conversion in terms of energy consumption?

    <p>A reduction in energy consumption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a critical aspect of a Power Engineer's role in ensuring the safety of energy conversion?

    <p>Recognizing unsafe conditions and intervening appropriately</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason Power Engineers focus on efficient energy conversion?

    <p>To reduce the overall plant energy, manufacturing, and production costs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of a 1% increase in efficiency of a thermal generating station?

    <p>A savings of $120 per hour, or $1 million per year</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of Power Engineers in smaller plants?

    <p>To assume total responsibility for the safe and efficient functioning of the plant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key aspect of Power Engineers' expertise in energy conversion?

    <p>Their knowledge of energy conversion principles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of efficient energy conversion in terms of plant profitability?

    <p>An increase in plant profitability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary responsibility of Power Engineers in ensuring the safe operation of equipment?

    <p>To recognize unsafe conditions and intervene appropriately</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of Power Engineers' focus on efficient energy conversion in terms of environmental impact?

    <p>A decrease in environmental impact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the environmental benefit associated with reduced fuel consumption?

    <p>Reduced upstream fuel processing activities and resulting emissions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of a 1% increase in overall plant efficiency in a 500 MW thermal station?

    <p>A 7850 kg reduction in CO2 emissions per hour</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Power Engineers in maintaining power plant equipment?

    <p>Develop expertise in maintenance and repair of equipment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of a Power Engineer's ability to diagnose process abnormalities?

    <p>To direct tradespeople to suitably repair and maintain equipment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the original purpose of using steam engines?

    <p>To remove water from mines and increase mine output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the historical context of the certification of Power Engineers?

    <p>It was established by Edward I of England in 1306</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the early days of steam engine development, what was the practice for building engines?

    <p>Engines were built on site by loaned mechanics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Power Engineers in planning and coordinating repairs and maintenance?

    <p>To issue work orders and coordinate the timing of repairs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the system called that allowed unskilled workers to be promoted to jobs with increasing levels of skill as they gained experience?

    <p>Progression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did governments and insurance underwriters become involved in the certification of power engineers and equipment?

    <p>To reduce the number of accidents occurring due to unqualified personnel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of a 1% increase in efficiency of a thermal generating station on emissions?

    <p>A 6.8% reduction in CO2 emissions per year</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary responsibility of power engineers in modern power plants?

    <p>To monitor and analyze trends, and anticipate adverse conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of Power Engineers in jurisdictions where they are permitted to perform mechanical repairs?

    <p>Maintenance and repair of equipment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Power Engineers in diagnosing faulty equipment?

    <p>To diagnose process abnormalities and identify faulty equipment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the central control room in larger power plants?

    <p>To enable a few engineers to operate automated systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of automation in modern power plants?

    <p>To increase the efficiency of power generation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of Power Engineers' expertise in energy conversion?

    <p>It enables them to develop expertise in energy conversion and maintenance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the dramatic increase in efficiency of modern power plants?

    <p>The close control of the steam generation process and enforcement of environmental regulations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the power engineer in plants where automatic control systems are used?

    <p>To monitor and analyze trends, and anticipate adverse conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary requirement for power engineers when operating, testing, maintaining, or repairing equipment?

    <p>To possess knowledge and skills</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for Power Engineers to work with sophisticated control instrumentation?

    <p>To increase their understanding of control instrumentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical duration of a Power Engineer's workday?

    <p>12 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of the 12-hour shift schedule shown in Figure 8?

    <p>Increased days off</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of site-specific policies and procedure manuals?

    <p>To establish best practices for equipment operation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common working condition for Power Engineers?

    <p>Dirty, dusty, smoky, and noisy environments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary requirement for Power Engineers when operating equipment?

    <p>Adhering to site-specific policies and procedure manuals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of Power Engineers' ability to work in close proximity to equipment?

    <p>Improved safety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of Power Engineers in a plant?

    <p>To ensure the efficient operation of equipment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common shift arrangement for Power Engineers?

    <p>Four 12-hour shifts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for Power Engineers to work in teams?

    <p>To improve safety</p> Signup and view all the answers

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