Poultry Breeding and Management Quiz
37 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What are the two key factors considered when selecting a dual purpose chicken breed?

  • Color and Conformation
  • Demand for Vaccination
  • Egg and Meat Production (correct)
  • Feed Consumption
  • What is the recommended calorie-protein ratio for day-old chickens?

  • 170-180:1
  • 40:1
  • 1.8:1
  • 135:1 (correct)
  • Which of the following is NOT a characteristic used to evaluate layers?

  • Feed Conversion Ratio (correct)
  • Intensity of Laying
  • Physical Body Makeup
  • Precocity (Maturity)
  • What is the average feed consumption of a chicken up to 8 weeks of age?

    <p>40 gm/head/day (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended calorie-protein ratio for layers?

    <p>170-180:1 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a potential supplementary feed resource for poultry?

    <p>Rice (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which breed of chicken is known for its adaptability to hot and arid environments?

    <p>Fayoumi (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main objective when raising broilers?

    <p>Rapid Growth Rate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a primary category of chicken breeds?

    <p>Synthetic breeds (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of chicken is primarily known for its egg-laying capabilities?

    <p>Leghorn (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of indigenous Ethiopian chicken breeds?

    <p>Pronounced broodiness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the purpose of importing commercial or exotic chicken breeds?

    <p>To improve local chicken production for egg, meat, or both. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key trait of Bovans Brown chickens that makes them suitable for alternative production systems?

    <p>Docile nature (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the growth rate of modern commercial broilers compare to that of egg-laying hens?

    <p>Significantly faster (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Select the breed that is typically used for dual purposes.

    <p>Rhode Island Red (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common harvest weight for commercial broilers?

    <p>4 - 5 pounds (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended minimum duration of light for a laying flock?

    <p>12 hours (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what age can pullets be moved to a permanent laying house?

    <p>18 weeks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a cause of poultry disease?

    <p>Genetic mutations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the 'all-in, all-out' principle in broiler rearing?

    <p>To ensure all birds are the same age (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following diseases is NOT commonly associated with poultry?

    <p>Swine flu (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended Cal/protein ratio for finishers chickens?

    <p>155:1 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a reason for keeping chickens in houses?

    <p>To increase chicken size (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of poultry house is characterized by having two open sides?

    <p>Open Houses (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What essential condition must be maintained in an incubator for hatching eggs?

    <p>Air circulation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what temperature range should the eggs be maintained for artificial incubation?

    <p>37.5 - 39 oC (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should hatching eggs be collected to ensure good production?

    <p>At least four times a day (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of brooding in poultry management?

    <p>To care for young chicks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is essential for maintaining the hygiene of an incubator?

    <p>Disinfection after hatching (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of providing supplementary heat to chicks during the first four weeks?

    <p>To ensure comfort and reduce mortality (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of artificial heat source used in brooding?

    <p>Natural brooder (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the laying percentage relate to the poultry industry?

    <p>It represents the ratio of birds to eggs collected daily (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended size for an individual laying nest for hens?

    <p>30 cm wide, 35 cm long, 40 cm high (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of providing perches in a poultry house?

    <p>To provide resting space for the birds (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum space recommended for drinkers per bird?

    <p>3 cm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can lighting positively affect hen management?

    <p>It increases feed intake and egg production (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a communal nest, and why might it not be suitable for tropical conditions?

    <p>Not suitable because it can cause overheating and stress (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Cal/protein ratio for starters

    The recommended ratio is 135:1 for starter chickens (0 - 3 weeks).

    Cal/protein ratio for finishers

    The recommended ratio is 155:1 for finisher chickens (>3 weeks).

    Purpose of poultry housing

    Poultry housing protects chickens from elements and increases production.

    Types of poultry houses

    Common types include Open Houses, Closed Houses, and Curtain Houses.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Open Houses characteristics

    Two open sides, large overhang, and wire mesh for ventilation.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Artificial incubation requirements

    Needs fresh air, specific temperature (37.5-39°C), humidity, and space for egg movement.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Hatchery sanitation importance

    Sanitation breaks the disease cycle; clean after hatching before next use.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Factors for good production of hatching eggs

    Critical factors include temperature, humidity, ventilation, and hygiene.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Babcock Breed

    A chicken breed imported for fattening purposes.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Dual Purpose Breeds

    Chickens used for both egg and meat production.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Fayoumi Breed

    A breed known for its adaptability to harsh, hot conditions in Egypt.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Poultry Breed Selection Factors

    Evaluating color, conformation, vaccination demand, and disease susceptibility.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Essential Characteristics in Selection

    Consider feed consumption, hardiness, productivity, and efficiency.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Layer Selection Criteria

    Layers are chosen based on performance and appearance, focusing on laying intensity.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Average Feed Consumption for Chickens

    Chickens consume 40 gm/head/day until 8 weeks old.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR)

    Normal FCR for broilers is 1.8, indicating growth efficiency.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Laying Flock Lighting

    Provide 12 to 16 hours of light per day for optimale egg production.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Moving Pullets

    Pullets can be moved to the laying house at 18 weeks of age.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Broiler Rearing Principle

    ‘All-in, all-out’ means only same age birds on the same site.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Common Poultry Diseases

    Includes Newcastle disease, coccidiosis, and Salmonella infections.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Disease Control Methods

    Good hygiene, 'all-in-all-out', and vaccination to prevent disease.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Brooding Period

    The critical period from one day to four weeks in young birds' lives, requiring supplementary heat.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Natural Brooding

    A method where the mother hen provides warmth and care to her chicks.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Artificial Brooding

    Using heat sources like electric or kerosene brooders to keep chicks warm.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Laying Percentage

    The ratio of the number of birds to the number of eggs collected in a day.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Laying Nest

    A designated area where hens lay their eggs, can be individual or communal.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Feeder Space

    The required area provided for feeding birds, typically 5 - 10 cm per bird.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Drinker Space

    The area allocated for drinking, about 3 cm per bird, ensuring access to clean water.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Lighting Effects

    Lighting increases feed intake, stimulates growth and laying, among other benefits.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Poultry breed categories

    Three main categories: pure commercial, hybrid, local or land races.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Utility types of chicken

    Types based on economic value: Egg, Meat, Dual purpose, Ornamentals.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Indigenous poultry breeds

    Local breeds adapted to harsh conditions, resistant to disease.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Common indigenous breeds of Ethiopia

    Ten breeds: Chefe, Gebsima, Horro, Jarso, Kei, Naked neck, Netch, Tepi, Tikur, Tilili.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Commercial or exotic breeds

    Breeds imported to improve local egg and meat production.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Layer breeds

    Breeds primarily for egg production like Bovans Brown and White Leghorn.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Bovans Brown

    A layer breed preferred for high egg production and docility.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Modern broilers

    Commercial meat production birds that grow quickly, reaching 4-5 lbs in 5 weeks.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Study Notes

    Poultry Production and Management

    • Learning Outcomes: Students will be able to analyze indigenous and exotic poultry breeds in Ethiopia, recognize poultry breeds, classify and select them, clarify poultry feed resources and feeding methods, estimate feed for different poultry breeds, compare common poultry housing types, describe egg incubation and hatchery management, explain poultry brooding and rearing methods, describe layer and broiler management, and discuss poultry diseases and their control. Students will also engage classmates in poultry production.

    Poultry Breeds, Classification, and Selection

    • Three main categories of chicken breeds: pure commercial, hybrid (cross- and local), and local/land races.
    • Four types based on economic value:
    • Egg-type (e.g., Leghorn)
    • Meat-type (e.g., synthetic)
    • Dual-purpose (e.g., Rhode Island Red)
    • Ornamental (e.g., Bantam).

    Indigenous Poultry Breeds of Ethiopia

    • Ten common breeds/ecotypes: Chefe, Gebsima, Horro, Jarso, Kei, Naked neck, Netch, Tepi, Tikur, and Tilili.
    • These breeds are non-descriptive and closely related to the jungle fowl.
    • Vary in color, comb type, body conformation, and weight.
    • May or may not have shank feathers.
    • Strong broodiness (maternal instinct), good scavenging/nesting ability, resistant to diseases, and adaptable to harsh conditions.
    • Characterized by slow growth, late maturity, and low production performance.

    Commercial/Exotic Breeds

    • Brought from other countries to improve local production (egg, meat, or both).
    • Examples: Bovans Brown, White Leghorn, Babcock, and Fayoumi.

    Layers

    • Primarily for egg production.
    • Parent stock eggs are often imported.
    • Subsequent generations are used for egg production, while parent stock is for hatchery purposes.
    • Several layer breeds were traditionally imported to Ethiopia.
    • Examples: Bovans Brown and White Leghorn.
    • The Bovans Brown is a docile breed well suited for traditional egg production facilities.

    Broilers

    • Bred for large-scale, efficient meat production.
    • Grow faster than egg-laying hens.
    • Reach slaughter weight (4-5 pounds dressed) in 5 weeks.
    • Free-range broilers take 12-16 weeks to reach slaughter weight.
    • Babcock is a breed currently imported and used for fattening purposes.

    Dual-Purpose Breeds

    • Used for both egg and meat production.
    • Fayoumi breed is known for good adaptability to harsh, hot, and arid environments, specifically in Egypt.

    Poultry Breed Selection Methods

    • Selecting the best breed involves evaluating color, conformation, vaccination demand, and disease susceptibility.
    • Essential characteristics considered in selection: consumption of feed, hardiness/adaptability, productivity, and efficiency.
    • Layers are selected/culled based on appearance and individual performance (precocity, intensity/persistency of laying) as well as physical appearance.

    Poultry Feeds and Feeding Methods

    • Crops, byproducts, maize, and cereal debris are potential feed sources.
    • Smallholder farmers use major green feeds (e.g., cabbages, grass, vegetables, weeds, enset by-products, alfalfa).
    • Non-conventional feed resources include insects and worms.

    Poultry Feeding and Nutrient Requirements

    • Average daily feed consumption varies by age; 40 g/head up to 8 weeks.
    • Chicken needs a calorie-protein ratio of 135:1.
    • Layer ration needs a calorie-protein ratio of 170-180:1 with an average feed consumption of 115-125 g/head/day and a FCR of 1.8.
    • Broiler feeding objective is rapid growth, therefore sufficient feeding spaces and quality feed are paramount.
    • Cal/protein ratios are adjusted according to standard.

    Poultry Housing

    • Poultry housing protects birds from predators, rain, wind, and diseases, allowing for greater egg & meat production.
    • Watertight roof, proper ventilation, and easy-to-clean surfaces are crucial.
    • Common house types include Open Houses, Open Front Houses, Curtain Houses, Closed Houses, Deep Pit Houses, and High Rise Houses.
    • Open houses have two open sides, a large overhang, and often wire mesh sides to protect from rain and sun.

    Egg Incubation and Hatchery Management

    • Incubation can be achieved naturally (using broody hens) or artificially.
    • Artificial incubation requires a source of heat, thermostat set to 37.5-39°C, a tray for eggs with air movement, water to humidify the air, and a ventilator.
    • Crucial factors for hatchery success include hatching egg collection (at least 4 times a day), temperature, humidity, ventilation, and hygiene.

    Poultry Brooding and Rearing

    • Brooding is the critical period from one-day old to 4 weeks when young chicks require constant care and supplemental heat.
    • Two brooding methods: natural (by chicken) and artificial (e.g., electric brooders, kerosene brooders, hot air/water/radiant heat).

    Layers and Broilers Management

    • Layers in a well-established poultry industry begin laying around 20 weeks old.
    • Peak flock production usually occurs around 8 weeks, with daily egg production nearing the number of laying hens.
    • 'Laying percentage' is the ratio of eggs gathered to the number of birds over a given time period.
    • Laying nests: two types (individual and communal). Individual nests are recommended for tropical areas for optimal heat dissipation.

    Poultry Diseases and Their Control

    • Germs can be spread through animals, people, and infected objects.
    • Poultry diseases are caused by infections (viral, bacterial), parasites, or nutritional deficiencies.
    • Examples of common diseases include Newcastle disease, infectious bursal disease, avian coccidiosis, helminth infestation, ecto-parasite infestation, Salmonella, and Campylobacter infections.
    • Prevention is paramount and involves good hygiene and disinfection, especially with the "all-in, all-out" system.
    • Vaccination and anti-coccidial agents are also crucial, and sometimes complete culling and starting anew is necessary for serious outbreaks.

    Small Chicken Business Scenario

    • This section details a small chicken business model with calculations for income, production costs, and profit margin (week & month).
    • Students are encouraged to discuss ways to reduce production costs.

    Activity 9.3

    • Provides a framework for student involvement in small group discussions and activities focusing on poultry breeds, housing, feed, disease, and general management in their local areas, and if necessary, with additional resources provided by outside sources.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Description

    Test your knowledge on poultry breeding, focusing on dual purpose chickens, layers, and broilers. This quiz covers key factors in breed selection, feed consumption, and adaptability of different breeds. Perfect for poultry farmers and enthusiasts alike!

    More Like This

    Guía de Manejo del Pollo de Engorde
    48 questions
    Poultry Terminology Quiz
    32 questions
    Poultry Production Module 2
    43 questions

    Poultry Production Module 2

    IngenuousJasper6486 avatar
    IngenuousJasper6486
    Chicken Egg Hatching and Fertility Quiz
    24 questions
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Browser