Fluid Balance Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What type of dehydration is Ms. Hicks most likely experiencing based on her symptoms?

  • Hypertonic dehydration (correct)
  • Isotonic dehydration
  • Hypotonic dehydration
  • Relative dehydration
  • In evaluating Ms. Hicks's laboratory values, which of the following would likely be elevated?

  • Urine specific gravity (correct)
  • Serum hct & hgb (correct)
  • Urine volume
  • Serum sodium (correct)
  • Which compensatory mechanism explains Ms. Hicks's rapid pulse?

  • Increased stroke volume
  • Decreased cardiac output
  • Increased vascular resistance
  • Increased heart rate (correct)
  • Which intravenous solution would be the most appropriate for Ms. Hicks's hypovolemia?

    <p>Ringer’s solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What assessment data indicates a negative response to fluid resuscitation?

    <p>Decreased blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would you expect the patient's weight to be today after a 2,500 ml urine output yesterday?

    <p>Lower than yesterday's weight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which physiological sign is an indicator of hypovolemia?

    <p>Orthostatic hypotension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would you expect to find in a patient with fluid volume deficit in terms of serum electrolytes?

    <p>Normal sodium levels and decreased potassium levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is least likely to contribute to fluid volume deficit?

    <p>Access to adequate fluids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What nursing diagnosis would be most appropriate for a patient experiencing dehydration?

    <p>Deficient Fluid Volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which treatment is considered appropriate for managing fluid volume deficit?

    <p>Administering isotonic electrolyte solutions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom best indicates increased urine reabsorption in response to fluid volume deficit?

    <p>Decreased urine output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group is most at risk for developing fluid volume deficit?

    <p>82 year old woman with a fractured hip</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary result of fluid volume excess (FVE)?

    <p>Water and sodium retention</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What symptom is most indicative of fluid volume excess?

    <p>Weight gain greater than 5%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication class is commonly used to manage fluid volume excess?

    <p>Diuretics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should patients on diuretics do to monitor their condition effectively?

    <p>Weigh daily</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which physical assessment finding is a sign of fluid volume excess?

    <p>Jugular vein distention</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of edema leaves an indentation upon pressure application?

    <p>Pitting edema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which client condition would primarily indicate a risk for impaired skin integrity due to fluid volume excess?

    <p>High right atrial pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In assessing a client with fluid volume excess, which parameter is essential for monitoring?

    <p>Urine output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primarily regulates body fluid volume in the extracellular fluid compartment?

    <p>Sodium concentration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the standard osmolality range for body fluids?

    <p>275-295 mOsm/kg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process describes the movement of water from an area of high hydrostatic pressure to an area of low hydrostatic pressure?

    <p>Filtration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which solution is recommended for treating elevated sodium concentrations in the extracellular fluid?

    <p>0.45% NS (hypotonic saline)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a loss of extracellular fluid volume refer to in terms of fluid volume deficit?

    <p>Hypovolemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a more accurate indicator of fluid volume deficit in elderly patients compared to skin turgor?

    <p>Assessing tongue condition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is primarily responsible for estimating osmolality in body fluids?

    <p>Serum sodium concentration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fluid volume excess can occur due to which of the following reasons?

    <p>Increased fluid intake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition describes the shift of fluid into the vascular space and can be a cause of fluid volume deficit?

    <p>Third spacing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What intervention involves monitoring a patient's daily weight to assess fluid balance?

    <p>Fluid replacement therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which assessment finding would indicate that Mrs. Jones has fluid volume excess?

    <p>Presence of crackles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What intervention should be prioritized after determining the client is not dehydrated?

    <p>Restriction of free water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a patient exhibiting sudden onset of crackles and rapid respiratory rate, what should be done first?

    <p>Reduce IV rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which finding would suggest a deterioration in a hypotonic condition?

    <p>Development of skin changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal range for potassium levels in mEq/L?

    <p>3.5 to 5.5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What balance does alteration in potassium affect leading to acid-base imbalances?

    <p>Hydrogen balance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does potassium play in relation to cardiac muscles?

    <p>Affects electrical conductivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about potassium's role in the body is true?

    <p>Regulates protein synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Potassium

    • Potassium is an electrolyte, a major cation within cells.
    • The normal range for serum potassium is 3.5 to 5.5 mEq/L.
    • Potassium impacts cardiac muscle, electrical conductivity, and cell excitability.
    • Potassium is important for the proper functioning of neuromuscular transmission of nerve impulses.
    • Imbalances in potassium levels can lead to acid-base imbalances.
    • Potassium is important for the regulation of protein synthesis, glucose use, and storage.

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    Fluid & Electrolytes PDF

    Description

    This quiz covers essential information about potassium, including its role as an electrolyte and its normal serum levels. You will learn about the effects of potassium on cardiac muscle, nerve impulses, and potential imbalances. Test your understanding of this vital nutrient's importance in the body.

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