16 Questions
What is the primary mechanism of action of beta blockers in the management of portal hypertension?
Decrease cardiac output and splanchnic blood flow
In portal hypertension, what effect does liver fibrosis due to cirrhosis have on blood flow in the portal vein?
Decreases blood flow
How does splanchnic vasodilation contribute to the pathophysiology of portal hypertension?
Leads to increased portal blood flow
What is the typical pressure gradient indicative of portal hypertension compared to normal pressure gradient?
>10 mmHg
How do beta blockers affect the splanchnic system to reduce portal blood flow?
Promote splanchnic vasoconstriction
Which of the following is NOT a complication associated with portal hypertension?
Gastric ulcers
What is the primary prophylaxis treatment recommended for patients with varices at high risk for bleeding?
Nonselective ß-blockers
In the treatment of bleeding varices, which drug is preferred due to its ability to slow or stop bleeding by various mechanisms?
Somatostatin
What is the preferred endoscopic treatment for bleeding varices due to its lower complication rate compared to other procedures?
Endoscopic band ligation
Which of the following drugs is used in combination with vasopressin in the treatment of bleeding varices to prevent splanchnic vasodilation?
Nitroglycerin
What is the gold standard for diagnosing varices?
Endoscopy
Which grade of varices is characterized by large diameter (>5mm)?
Grade 2
What is the maximum duration for which vasopressin should be infused in the treatment of bleeding varices?
24 hours
Which drug class is cautioned against due to its potential increase in the risk of hepatorenal syndrome in cirrhosis patients?
Beta blockers
What is the primary screening method recommended for all cirrhotic patients to detect varices?
Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)
Which drug is used for secondary prophylaxis in patients with varices and should be titrated based on patient-specific factors?
Isosorbide mononitrate
Learn about the complications of cirrhosis including pathophysiology, management strategies, pharmacological treatments, and prophylaxis for portal hypertension, varices, ascites, and other related conditions. Understand the mechanism of action of beta blockers in preventing bleeding varices.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
