Population Growth and Mortality Rate

Birth Rate

• The birth rate is the number of live births per 1,000 people in a population per year.
• Example: UK's birth rate in 2023 is 11.267 births per 1,000 people (rounded off to 11).

Death Rate (Mortality Rate)

• The death rate is the number of deaths per 1,000 people in a population per year.
• Example: UK's death rate in 2023 is 10.200 deaths per 1,000 people (rounded off to 10).

Natural Increase/Decrease

• Natural increase occurs when the birth rate exceeds the death rate, resulting in a net increase in population size (excluding migration).
• Natural decrease occurs when the death rate exceeds the birth rate, resulting in a net decrease in population size (excluding migration).
• Example: If the birth rate is 11 per 1,000 people and the death rate is 10 per 1,000 people, the natural increase is 1 per 1,000 people.

Population Growth Rate

• The population growth rate measures how fast a population is growing or declining in a given area during a certain period of time, usually expressed as a percentage of the population.
• The calculation considers all factors that increase (births and immigration) and decrease (deaths and emigration) the population.
• Formula: (Population 2023 - population 2022 / population 2022) x 100%.
• Example: UK's population growth rate is 0.34% ((67,736,802 - 67,508,936 / 67,508,936) x 100%).

Emigration vs Immigration

• Emigration is about leaving a country or region.
• Immigration is about arriving in a country or region.