Polymers and Molecular Structure
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Questions and Answers

What is the product of the reaction between ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid?

Polyethylene terephthalate (P.E.T)

What is the characteristic of PET that makes it suitable for storing carbonated products?

High impact and tensile strength

What is the advantage of PET products in terms of shipping costs?

Lightweight

What is the type of polymerization that occurs in the reaction between ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid?

<p>Condensation or step-growth polymerization</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of PET that makes it suitable for food packaging?

<p>Purity and compliance with international food contact regulations</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of PET bottles in terms of leakage and damage?

<p>No leakage and damage due to the absence of weld line in the base</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the property of PET that makes it suitable for storing products that require a long shelf life?

<p>Good barrier properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the joint polymerization of two or more monomer species?

<p>Copolymerization</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical breakdown time of PLA inside the body, and what are its potential uses in the form of fibers and non-woven textiles?

<p>6 months to 2 years, and potential uses include upholstery, disposable garments, awnings, feminine hygiene products, and diapers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between thermoplastic and thermosetting polymers?

<p>Thermoplastic polymers can be melted and reformed multiple times, whereas thermosetting polymers cannot be melted and reformed once they have been set.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the properties of PET that make it a useful material?

<p>PET has high strength, low water absorption, and resistance to chemicals and abrasion, making it suitable for various applications.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of copolymerization in the production of polymers?

<p>Copolymerization allows for the creation of polymers with tailored properties by combining different monomers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the unique property of conducting polymers, and what are their applications?

<p>Conducting polymers have electrical conductivity, and their applications include electronic devices, sensors, and solar cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the structure of polyacetylene in its conducting properties?

<p>The alternating double bonds in polyacetylene lead to its high electrical conductivity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the number of monomer units present in a polymer?

<p>Degree of polymerization</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a polymer consisting of identical monomers?

<p>Homopolymer</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the small molecules that combine to form polymer molecules?

<p>Monomers</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of chemical combination of small molecules to form large sized molecules?

<p>Polymerization</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the number of bonding sites in a monomer?

<p>Functionality</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of polymerizing a trifunctional monomer with a bifunctional monomer?

<p>Branched-chain polymer</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the large molecules built up by the linkage of small molecules?

<p>Polymers or Macromolecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical molecular mass range of most polymers?

<p>5000-200000</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Polymers and Molecular Structure

  • Polymers are large molecules built-up by the linkage of small molecules, also known as macromolecules.
  • The word "poly" means many and "mer" means unit in Greek language.

Monomers and Polymerization

  • Monomers are small molecules that combine with each other to form polymer molecules.
  • The process of chemical combination of small molecules to form large molecules is called polymerization.
  • The degree of polymerization is the number of monomer units present in a polymer.

Repeat Unit and Degree of Polymerization

  • The "repeat unit" in a polymer is called a "mer".
  • Polymer molecules can have hundreds or thousands of monomer units linked together.
  • Most polymers have a molecular mass range of 5000-200000.

Functionality

  • Functionality refers to the number of bonding sites in a monomer.
  • Examples of reactive groups include olefin, hydroxyl, acid, amino-acid, di-ol, polyalcohols, di-amino acids, and di-acids.
  • Depending on the functionality of monomeric units, different types of structures can be obtained.

Linear and Branched-Chain Polymers

  • Bifunctional monomers can form linear or straight-chain molecules.
  • Trifunctional monomers can form branched-chain polymers when mixed with bifunctional monomers.

Nomenclature of Polymers

  • A polymer consisting of identical monomers is called a homopolymer.
  • Copolymerization is the joint polymerization of two or more monomer species, resulting in copolymers.

Plastics

  • Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is a condensation polymer of ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid.
  • PET is an example of condensation or step-growth polymerization.

Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Properties

  • PET is a crystal clear polymer with good purity and healthy properties.
  • It has good barrier properties, high impact and tensile strength, and is lightweight.
  • PET products are safe, tough, and virtually unbreakable.

Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Applications

  • PET is commonly used in packaging, such as bottles and containers, due to its good barrier properties and safety.
  • It is also used in textiles and has potential uses in upholstery, disposable garments, and more.

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Polymers And Molecular Structure PDF

Description

This quiz covers the basics of polymers, including the definition and formation of polymers, monomers, and polymerization. Learn about the molecular structure of these large molecules.

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