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Questions and Answers
What is a key characteristic of legal-rational authority in modern states?
What is a key characteristic of legal-rational authority in modern states?
- It is primarily based on personal charisma.
- It is connected to a clearly defined set of rules. (correct)
- It emphasizes traditional power structures.
- It relies on emotional influence over followers.
According to Weber, why is legal-rational authority less likely to lead to abuse of power?
According to Weber, why is legal-rational authority less likely to lead to abuse of power?
- It is rooted in historical traditions.
- It operates under the influence of public opinion.
- It is associated with charismatic leaders.
- It is constrained by formal rules and regulations. (correct)
How does Weber's concept of charisma differ from legal-rational authority?
How does Weber's concept of charisma differ from legal-rational authority?
- Charisma is defined by efficiency, while legal-rational authority is not.
- Charisma relies on traditional practices, unlike legal-rational authority.
- Charisma is a personal trait, whereas legal-rational authority is institutional. (correct)
- Charisma is courtroom-based while legal-rational authority is not.
What did Weber identify as a potential downside of increased efficiency in legal-rational authority?
What did Weber identify as a potential downside of increased efficiency in legal-rational authority?
What is a limitation of Weber's classification of political legitimacy?
What is a limitation of Weber's classification of political legitimacy?
Which of the following best describes the emotional aspect of charismatic authority?
Which of the following best describes the emotional aspect of charismatic authority?
What is a common method by which leaders cultivate their charisma?
What is a common method by which leaders cultivate their charisma?
What aspect of legal-rational authority contributes to promoting efficiency?
What aspect of legal-rational authority contributes to promoting efficiency?
What is a criticism of direct democracy as described in the content?
What is a criticism of direct democracy as described in the content?
Which term is often added to the notion of democracy that reflects Western political thought?
Which term is often added to the notion of democracy that reflects Western political thought?
What does Athenian democracy exemplify?
What does Athenian democracy exemplify?
What is the impact of the classical model of democracy based on?
What is the impact of the classical model of democracy based on?
How is the notion of democracy often misrepresented according to the content?
How is the notion of democracy often misrepresented according to the content?
Which of the following is NOT one of the four contrasting models of democracy identified in the content?
Which of the following is NOT one of the four contrasting models of democracy identified in the content?
What aspect of Athenian democracy is highlighted as remarkable?
What aspect of Athenian democracy is highlighted as remarkable?
What is suggested about the term 'liberal democracy'?
What is suggested about the term 'liberal democracy'?
What was Aristotle's key question regarding government power?
What was Aristotle's key question regarding government power?
According to John Locke, what gave citizens the right to vote?
According to John Locke, what gave citizens the right to vote?
Which of the following best describes Locke's view of democracy?
Which of the following best describes Locke's view of democracy?
What principle did utilitarian theorists like Bentham and Mill argue for in the context of democracy?
What principle did utilitarian theorists like Bentham and Mill argue for in the context of democracy?
What does 'protective democracy' primarily refer to?
What does 'protective democracy' primarily refer to?
How is political equality defined in the context of democracy as described?
How is political equality defined in the context of democracy as described?
What is the core idea behind the legislative body in a democratic system as outlined?
What is the core idea behind the legislative body in a democratic system as outlined?
Which characteristic is NOT associated with constitutional democracy as described?
Which characteristic is NOT associated with constitutional democracy as described?
What did Mill propose regarding the franchise?
What did Mill propose regarding the franchise?
How did Mill's views on voting differ from mainstream liberal thought?
How did Mill's views on voting differ from mainstream liberal thought?
What concern did Mill have about democracy?
What concern did Mill have about democracy?
What is the primary characteristic of deliberative democracy?
What is the primary characteristic of deliberative democracy?
What is a key feature of parliamentary democracy?
What is a key feature of parliamentary democracy?
Which group, according to Mill, would have the most votes in his plural voting system?
Which group, according to Mill, would have the most votes in his plural voting system?
What was Mill's opinion on political opinions?
What was Mill's opinion on political opinions?
How did Mill view the relationship between government and the people in a parliamentary democracy?
How did Mill view the relationship between government and the people in a parliamentary democracy?
What did Marx believe would trigger genuine democracy to flourish?
What did Marx believe would trigger genuine democracy to flourish?
Which concept contrasts with 'political democracy' according to the content?
Which concept contrasts with 'political democracy' according to the content?
What did Rosa Luxemburg criticize about Lenin’s approach to political organization?
What did Rosa Luxemburg criticize about Lenin’s approach to political organization?
Which event does Marx's admiration for hint at the shape of a transitionary society?
Which event does Marx's admiration for hint at the shape of a transitionary society?
In her work, The Accumulation of Capital, what did Luxemburg analyze?
In her work, The Accumulation of Capital, what did Luxemburg analyze?
How did Lenin’s 1917 slogan 'All power to the Soviets' actually translate in practice?
How did Lenin’s 1917 slogan 'All power to the Soviets' actually translate in practice?
What was one of the critical objections Luxemburg had towards Eduard Bernstein's revisionism?
What was one of the critical objections Luxemburg had towards Eduard Bernstein's revisionism?
What term did Marx use to describe the system that would replace bourgeois democracy?
What term did Marx use to describe the system that would replace bourgeois democracy?
Study Notes
Political Legitimacy
- Traditional Authority: Based on customs, traditions, and beliefs. Often associated with hereditary rule.
- Charismatic Authority: Based on the personal qualities of a leader, their ability to inspire and motivate followers. Often arises during times of crisis or change.
- Legal-Rational Authority: Based on a set of rules and laws that define the power and authority of individuals and institutions. Common in modern states.
Models of Democracy
- Classical Democracy: Based on the Athenian model of direct democracy where citizens participate directly in governing.
- Limited or ‘Protective’ Democracy: Focuses on protecting individual rights and liberties from government overreach. Promotes representative government and regular elections.
- Developmental Democracy: Aims to promote social and economic development through democratic means. Emphasizes participation and empowerment of citizens.
- People’s or ‘Socialist’ Democracy: Based on the Marxist concept of a society where the working class holds power and a socialist economic system prevails.
Democracy and its Critics
- Demagoguery: Rule by political leaders who manipulate the masses through speeches and appeals to their prejudices. A potential threat to genuine democracy.
- Tyranny of the Majority: The concern that majority rule can suppress individual liberties and minority rights.
- Elitism: The argument that real power resides in the hands of select groups and not in the people.
Key Thinkers
- Max Weber: Developed the concept of "ideal types" of authority.
- John Locke: Advocated for “government by consent” and the protection of natural rights, particularly the right to property.
- Alexis de Tocqueville: Warned of the dangers of "the tyranny of the majority."
- John Stuart Mill: Supported a broader franchise but advocated for plural voting based on intellectual ability.
- Karl Marx: Believed in a transition from capitalist democracy to a "revolutionary dictatorship of the proletariat" leading to a truly communist society.
- Rosa Luxemburg: Criticized Lenin’s concept of a centralized vanguard party, seeing it as a threat to democracy and leading to despotism (tyranny).
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Description
Explore the concepts of political legitimacy, including traditional, charismatic, and legal-rational authority. Dive into various models of democracy such as classical, limited, developmental, and socialist democracy. Understand how these frameworks shape governance and citizen participation.
