Zhou Dynasty: Mandate of Heaven and Political Legitimacy
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Questions and Answers

According to Zhou theory of politics, heavenly powers granted the right to govern the 'mandate of heaven' to:

  • The military general with the most victories
  • Any member of the ruling dynasty
  • The eldest son of the ruler
  • An especially deserving individual known as the 'son of heaven' (correct)

    • What was the duty of the ruler according to Zhou theory of politics?

  • Governing conscientiously, observing high standards of honor and justice (correct)
  • Expanding the empire through conquest
  • Hoarding wealth for personal gain
  • Suppressing any form of opposition ruthlessly

    • What would happen if a ruler failed in his duties according to Zhou theory?

  • The ruler would be celebrated as a hero
  • The heavenly powers would reward him with more power
  • He would be automatically granted an extension of his mandate
  • Chaos and suffering would afflict his realm (correct)

    • How did the heavenly powers signal their disapproval of a ruler's actions in Zhou theory?

    <p>Withdrawing the mandate to rule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role did the ruler play in the cosmic balance according to Zhou theory?

    <p>He served as a link between heaven and earth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of individuals might have become slaves in ancient China?

    <p>Prisoners-of-war</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did some slave owners in ancient China maintain control over their captives?

    <p>Using physical abuse and starvation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a potential outcome for children born to enslaved parents in ancient China?

    <p>Becoming property of the slave owners</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what ways did skilled artisans under slavery in ancient China have a chance to gain freedom?

    <p>By serving their masters faithfully for years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Chinese lawmakers attempt to regulate slavery during certain periods of history?

    <p>By establishing laws to govern the institution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What differentiated the prevalence of slavery in ancient China from societies like Rome?

    <p>The less widespread nature of slavery in China</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one primary role of slaves in Chinese society, as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Performing menial tasks like farming and construction work</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did slavery impact social mobility in ancient China?

    <p>It enhanced social mobility by allowing free citizens to pursue higher-skilled jobs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one argument against the benefits of slavery mentioned in the text?

    <p>Slavery perpetuated cycles of poverty.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way did a well-regulated system of servitude act as a safety net in ancient China?

    <p>By providing support for those who were economically disadvantaged</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did critics argue about the negative aspects of slavery's economic impact?

    <p>It hindered economic advancement for disadvantaged populations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does understanding historical slavery in ancient China provide valuable lessons, according to the text?

    <p>It sheds light on both the dark past and lessons for the present.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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