Political Economy and Systems Overview
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Questions and Answers

What aspect does political economy primarily examine?

  • The historical contexts of political regimes
  • The relationship between government actions and economic outcomes (correct)
  • The structure of political systems
  • The cultural impacts on governance

    • Which statement best describes a dictatorship?

  • Power is shared among elected representatives.
  • Power is held by a monarch with limited authority.
  • Power is derived from a democratic election process.
  • Power is concentrated in an individual or small group without democratic processes. (correct)

    • What is a key characteristic of a democracy?

  • Citizens have no role in decision-making.
  • Citizen participation is discouraged.
  • Elections determine government officials and policies. (correct)
  • Laws are created solely by a monarch.

    • How do different political ideas like capitalism and socialism affect economic outcomes?

    <p>They result in varying approaches to resource control and distribution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do institutions and laws play in political systems?

    <p>They create a framework for governance and decision-making.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common outcome promoted by socialist policies?

    <p>Equal opportunities in key sectors like education and healthcare.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best defines citizen participation?

    <p>The methods by which citizens engage in influencing politics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major focus of political economy in relation to power dynamics?

    <p>How resource control influences laws and policies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of social democracy?

    <p>Promotion of social equality and economic interventionism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant role of the government in modern socialism?

    <p>Owning and managing key industries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes individualism?

    <p>A belief in limited government intervention</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do socialist countries often prioritize in their political and economic decisions?

    <p>Improving the quality of life for all citizens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a defining feature of totalitarianism?

    <p>The state has total control over political, economic, and personal matters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) measure?

    <p>Levels of public sector corruption as perceived by experts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the approach of modern socialism towards social welfare?

    <p>It incorporates extensive programs for all citizens.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect does Ka Leody de Guzman emphasize in his political platform?

    <p>Addressing issues of labor exploitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of totalitarianism?

    <p>Encouragement of free speech and press</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In social democracy, what is emphasized for achieving economic goals?

    <p>Gradual reform and democratic approaches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant origin of the communist movement in the Philippines?

    <p>Labor unions and peasant groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of individualism in society?

    <p>Protection of individual rights and private property</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a current characteristic of the communist movement in the Philippines?

    <p>It is considered an insurgent movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary aim of modern socialism regarding society?

    <p>Reducing inequality and promoting societal well-being</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which country is commonly cited as an example of totalitarianism?

    <p>North Korea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what electoral context did Ka Leody de Guzman operate?

    <p>The 2022 presidential election</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Gross National Income (GNI) measure?

    <p>The total amount of money earned by a nation's people and businesses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main risk of printing more money in a country's economy?

    <p>Hyperinflation due to excess money supply</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is GDP per capita calculated?

    <p>By dividing the GDP of a nation by its population</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might GDP per capita be higher in industrialized countries?

    <p>They typically have smaller populations and higher economic output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Purchasing Power Parities (PPPs)?

    <p>To equalize the purchasing power of different currencies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is indicated by higher life expectancy in a country?

    <p>Better healthcare and living conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is NOT used to measure the Human Development Index?

    <p>Natural resource abundance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the 'expected years of schooling' metric directly assess?

    <p>Total anticipated years in the education system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which measure assesses the standard of living in a country?

    <p>Gross National Income per capita adjusted for purchasing power parity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a higher Gross National Income (GNI) per capita generally signify about a country's citizens?

    <p>Higher average income</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a likely outcome of better healthcare systems in a country?

    <p>Increased life expectancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which two indices are used to measure education within the Human Development Index?

    <p>Mean years of schooling and expected years of schooling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect does not influence the evaluation of the standard of living?

    <p>Urban vs rural living conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which demographic factor is NOT directly factored into the Human Development Index?

    <p>Age distribution of the population</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does life expectancy at birth serve as a measure for a country's health?

    <p>It indicates the effectiveness of the healthcare system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Political Economy

    • Examines the relationship between politics and economics
    • How government decisions, like taxes and regulations, impact the economy
    • Focuses on power dynamics and resource control
    • Explores how different political ideologies impact economic outcomes

    Political Systems

    • Democracy: Citizens elect representatives through regular elections
    • Monarchy: Power is held by a monarch (king or queen)
    • Dictatorship: Power is held by an individual or a small group, with no democratic process

    Modern Socialism

    • Promotes equal opportunities in education, healthcare, and employment
    • May involve government ownership and management of key industries
    • Focuses on public welfare and expanding social welfare programs
    • Encourages citizen participation in decision-making

    Individualism

    • Values individual freedom, personal responsibility, and private property
    • Promotes the pursuit of personal goals and ambitions
    • Favors limited government interference in individual lives

    Totalitarianism

    • Absolute power of the state over all aspects of life, including the media, education, and economy
    • Control over thoughts and beliefs through propaganda and censorship
    • Lack of freedom for citizens: speech, press, and action are restricted or banned
    • Repression of opposition, often with severe punishments

    Corruption Perceptions Index

    • Ranks countries based on their perceived levels of public sector corruption
    • Corruption is defined as abuse of entrusted power for private gain

    Human Development Index (HDI)

    • Measure of a country's overall development based on:
      • Health: Life expectancy at birth
      • Education: Mean years of schooling and expected years of schooling
      • Standard of Living: Gross National Income per capita adjusted for purchasing power parity (PPP)

    Economic Development

    • Gross National Income (GNI): Total amount of money earned by a nation's people and businesses
    • Gross Domestic Product (GDP): Often used to measure the economic health of a country or region
    • Purchasing Power Parity (PPP): Rates of currency conversion that equalize purchasing power across countries

    Hyperinflation

    • Printing more money without an increase in the production of goods and services leads to inflation, which can lead to hyperinflation
    • Hyperinflation occurs when prices rise rapidly, eroding the value of currency and leading to economic instability.
    • Occurs when excessive money supply is introduced into the economy

    GDP Per Capita

    • Economic metric that measures a country's economic output per person.
    • Used to determine a country's prosperity and economic growth
    • Calculated by dividing a country's GDP by its population

    Wealth and Poverty

    • GDP per capita is used as an indicator of wealth and poverty.
    • Developed and industrialized countries with smaller populations often have higher GDP per capita.

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    National Differences in Political Economy PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores the intricate relationship between politics and economics, delving into how government actions influence economic conditions. It also covers various political systems such as democracy, monarchy, and dictatorship, alongside ideologies like modern socialism and individualism. Test your understanding of these concepts and realize their implications in society.

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