Economic Systems: Capitalism, Socialism, and Communism

A system where individuals own the means of production and compete freely in the market. This competition can lead to the rise of different economic classes.

An economic theory stating that individuals acting in their own self-interest, guided by market forces, can ultimately benefit society as a whole. This theory emphasizes a limited role for the government.

The idea that the government should control and manage key aspects of the economy, such as industries and resources.

A political and economic system where the government owns and controls all aspects of production, distribution, and resources. This system aims to create an egalitarian society without class distinctions.

A system where individuals own and control the means of production. This leads to competition and different economic classes based on wealth.

A system where businesses compete freely with each other, without excessive government regulation. This competition can lead to lower prices and innovation.

The concept that individuals acting in their own self-interest can lead to a collective benefit for society, guided by market forces.

The idea that under capitalism, the government plays a limited role in the economy. This allows individuals to make decisions based on their own self-interest and for market forces to drive economic growth.

A key factor that contributed to the Russian Revolution. Russia was already experiencing internal issues, like a weak government, economic hardship, and social inequalities. These problems were amplified due to Russia's involvement in World War I, putting significant strain on the existing system.

Lenin's belief that the Russian working class wasn't prepared for a revolution on its own. He argued that a socialist revolution was needed to guide the proletarians towards their goal, as they weren't yet developed enough to achieve it independently.

A period of economic reforms implemented by Lenin after the Russian Civil War. It allowed for some capitalist practices, like private ownership, to revive the economy. This was a shift from the strict communist policies of the early Bolshevik regime.

The Bolshevik secret police, known for its brutal tactics and suppression of opposition. They used terror and executions to eliminate any perceived threat to the Bolshevik regime.

The lack of manpower was a major issue for Russian troops during World War I. This was due to a combination of factors, including heavy casualties and limited resources. The lack of manpower made it difficult for Russia to sustain its military efforts.