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Questions and Answers
What is the primary cause of pneumonia in infants and children?
What is the primary cause of pneumonia in infants and children?
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of pneumonia in children?
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of pneumonia in children?
What percentage of deaths in children under 5 years old is attributed to pneumonia?
What percentage of deaths in children under 5 years old is attributed to pneumonia?
Which physical examination finding may indicate severe respiratory distress in infants with pneumonia?
Which physical examination finding may indicate severe respiratory distress in infants with pneumonia?
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How many children died globally from pneumonia in 2017?
How many children died globally from pneumonia in 2017?
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Study Notes
Pneumonia: A Leading Cause of Child Mortality
- Pneumonia is a major cause of death in children under 5 years old worldwide.
- In 2017, pneumonia resulted in 808,694 deaths globally, accounting for 15% of all deaths in this age group.
Causes of Pneumonia
- Pneumonia can be caused by various pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, and fungi.
Signs and Symptoms of Pneumonia
- Cough: One of the most common symptoms of pneumonia.
- Fever: Elevated body temperature is a sign of infection.
- Tachypnoea: An increased respiratory rate, indicating the body is working harder to breathe.
- Nasal flaring: Widening of the nostrils during breathing, another indication of respiratory distress.
- Chest indrawing: The intercostal spaces (between the ribs) may sink in with each breath, a sign of difficulty breathing.
- Cyanosis: Blue discoloration of the skin due to a lack of oxygen.
Physical Examination Findings in Pneumonia
- Crackles/absent breath sounds: Abnormal sounds in the lungs heard on auscultation (listening with a stethoscope).
- Respiratory distress: Overall difficulty breathing, including rapid, shallow breathing, use of accessory muscles, and nasal flaring.
- Reduced saturations: Low levels of oxygen in the blood, which can be measured with a pulse oximeter.
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Description
Explore the global impact of pneumonia as a leading cause of child mortality. This quiz covers the causes, key signs, and symptoms of pneumonia in children under 5 years and highlights critical physical examination findings. Test your knowledge on this vital health issue affecting millions of children worldwide.
