PMI Flashcards on Marksmanship

Rifle Marksmanship Overview

• FM 3-22.9 is the publication that covers rifle marksmanship.
• Advanced Combat Optical Gunsight (COG) enhances aiming accuracy.

Marksmanship Training

• Two primary components of marksmanship training strategy: initial training and sustainment training.
• Preliminary Marksmanship Instruction (PMI) refers to essential training before weapon use.
• Key elements to maintain an effective unit marksmanship program include training of trainers, refresher training, effective sustainment, and remedial training.
• Perishable skills pertain to the general knowledge and proficiency required for marksmanship.

Phases of Marksmanship Training

• The five phases of rifle marksmanship training are:
  • Basic rifle PMI
  • Basic rifle downrange feedback
  • Basic rifle field firing
  • Advanced rifle marksmanship
  • Advanced optic, laser, and iron sights training

Key Marksmanship Terms

• Grouping is characterized by tightly fired shot groups in a consistent location.
• Zeroing adjusts the weapon's sights to align with the barrel.

Equipment and Specifications

• Advanced Rifle Marksmanship (ARM) focuses on proficient shooting techniques.
• M16/M4 series weapons are magazine-fed, gas-operated, air-cooled, and shoulder-fired, chambered for 5.56mm ammunition.
• Weight of the M4 with a 30-round magazine is 7.5 lbs.
• Maximum range of M16/M4 is 3600 meters.

Zeroing Techniques

• Battle sight zero is achieved by aligning the sight to a flush position with the carrying handle, using the 6/3 marking.
• Mechanical zeroing is necessary if the zero is questionable, when the weapon is newly assigned, or after sight servicing.

Stoppage and Malfunction Response

• Stoppage refers to the failure of an automatic weapon to complete a cycle of operations.
• Soldiers must take immediate or remedial action to clear stoppages.
• Immediate action is a quick response to reduce stoppage without troubleshooting.
• The key term for applying immediate action is "SPORTS" (Slap, Pull, Observe, Release, Tap, Squeeze).
• Remedial action involves diagnosing the cause of a stoppage and attempting to clear it.

Types and Cycles of Malfunction

• Types of malfunctions include failures to feed, fire, extract, and eject.
• The eight cycles of functioning for the M16/M4 include feeding, chambering, locking, firing, unlocking, extracting, ejecting, and cocking.

Firing Modes and Fundamentals

• M16/M4 can operate in three modes of fire: semi-automatic and burst.
• Fundamentals of firing focus on a steady position, aiming, breathing control, and trigger squeeze.

Qualification Standards

• Authorized reasons for alibi firing include weapon malfunction, target malfunction, and faulty ammunition.
• Minimum qualification standard for record fire is 23 out of 40.
• Qualification standards:
  • Expert: 36-40
  • Sharpshooter: 30-35
  • Marksmanship: 23-29
• Three shooting positions for qualification include:
  • Prone supported (20 rounds)
  • Prone unsupported (10 rounds)
  • Kneeling (10 rounds)