Plumbing History and Techniques Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What was the main reason for the revival of plumbing in Europe during the Renaissance period?

  • The emergence of new technologies in pipe manufacturing.
  • The increased demand for sanitation due to the growth of cities.
  • The widespread outbreaks of epidemics. (correct)
  • The influence of Roman architecture and engineering.

Which of the following methods was NOT commonly used to convey water in the Philippines before the 1940s?

  • Animal-drawn carts
  • Bamboo pipes
  • Carrying by hand
  • Concrete pipes (correct)

What is the primary factor determining if water is suitable for consumption?

  • The source of the water.
  • The presence of specific minerals in the water.
  • Whether the water is visibly clear. (correct)
  • The taste and smell of the water.

During ancient Roman times, what was the common title given to someone skilled in sanitation?

<p>Plumbarius (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a stated objective of plumbing in building design?

<p>To ensure the structural integrity of the building. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why was household plumbing considered a luxury item in the Philippines before the 1940s?

<p>The high cost of materials and installation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these actions was NOT a common method of waste disposal used in Filipino households before the 1940s?

<p>Using a septic tank system to treat wastewater. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Based on the provided text, how did the English Parliament contribute to the development of plumbing?

<p>They passed the first law regulating plumbing installation and practices. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a re-vent pipe or backvent pipe?

<p>To connect directly with an individual trap underneath or behind the fixture and extend to the branch or main vent pipe. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the installation of all plumbing system components before fixtures are added?

<p>Roughin-in (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between a flush valve and a flushometer valve?

<p>A flush valve is located at the bottom of the tank, while a flushometer valve is actuated by direct water pressure. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a group vent?

<p>To vent multiple traps independently from each other. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of vent is used to provide additional ventilation between the drainage and vent systems?

<p>Relief vent (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following terms described the lowest point of the inside of a non-vertical pipe?

<p>Invert (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a fixture supply?

<p>A water supply pipe connecting the fixture with the fixture branch. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a local vent?

<p>To convey foul air from a plumbing fixture or a room to the outer air. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of pipe is designed specifically to carry wastewater from fixtures like toilets and urinals, and can also handle discharges from other fixtures?

<p>Soil pipe (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of vent pipe serves the purpose of providing air circulation for two traps?

<p>Common vent (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a trap seal in a plumbing system?

<p>To prevent the backflow of foul air or gases (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of vent pipe acts as an extension of the drain leading to the vent stack?

<p>Continuous vent (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component is considered a principal artery of the plumbing system where other pipes connect?

<p>Main (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The vertical vent pipe that extends above the highest horizontal drain connected to the stack and is referred to as 'SVTR' when it goes through the roof, is called a:

<p>Stack vent (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of vent pipe carries both wastewater and air?

<p>Wet vent (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a vent pipe in a plumbing system?

<p>To prevent sewer gases from entering the building (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the ventilation pipe in a drainage system?

<p>To allow for the escape of harmful gases and odors. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes the function of a trap in a drainage system?

<p>A trap prevents the backflow of sewer gases into the house. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the DWV system in drainage installation?

<p>It outlines the essential components of a drainage system, including drainage, waste, and venting aspects. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of pipe is used for conveying wastewater from fixtures other than the water closet?

<p>Waste pipe (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered a mandatory requirement for a drainage system?

<p>Provision of access points for cleaning and maintenance. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it crucial for the drainage pipes to be properly graded or inclined?

<p>To facilitate a smooth and efficient flow of wastewater toward the main sewer line. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the main vent in a drainage system?

<p>To connect all vent branches to ensure proper ventilation of the system. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a dry vent in relation to a drainage system?

<p>A vent that does not carry liquid waste but serves a ventilation purpose. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a vent system in plumbing?

<p>Pipes installed to vent gases from a drainage system and prevent backflow of water. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a public sewer?

<p>Accessible only to specific individuals or properties. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A blind flange is a type of fixture:

<p>Used to close the end of a pipe without allowing any passage of liquid or gas. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the term "back-siphonage"?

<p>The flow of contaminated water from a plumbing fixture back into a water supply pipe due to negative pressure. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a 'combination fixture' in plumbing?

<p>A fixture that combines multiple compartments, such as sinks and trays. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term "bibb" refer to in plumbing?

<p>A device used to regulate the flow of water to a fixture. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an 'air gap' in a water distribution system?

<p>A vertical space between the outlet of a water supply pipe and the water receiving fixture (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT a component of a drainage system?

<p>Public sewer mains (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does "backflow" refer to in plumbing?

<p>The flow of contamination from a drainage system into a water supply pipe. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Plumbing

The art and science of installing pipes and fixtures for water supply and waste disposal.

Plumber

A skilled person in the field of sanitation and plumbing.

Plumbum

Latin word meaning 'lead', linked to plumbing.

Water Supply

Sources of water such as rainfall, springs, wells, and rivers.

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Water Disposal

Methods of expelling waste, often into natural bodies like rivers or secluded areas.

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Effective Water Supply

Condition where enough water is provided to supply each fixture in a building.

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History of Plumbing

Development of plumbing from Greco-Roman times to its revival in the Renaissance.

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Sanitation Education

Programs initiated to improve hygiene and proper waste disposal.

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Stack

The main vertical piping system for soil, waste, or vent extending through the roof.

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Vent stack

A vertical vent pipe providing air circulation for the drainage system.

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Wet vent

A vent pipe section that also carries wastewater.

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Common vent

A vent system where one pipe serves two traps.

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Continuous vent

A vertical vent that continues from a drain connection.

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Riser

A vertical pipe conveying water to branches or fixtures.

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Trap

A device providing a liquid seal to prevent backflow of gases.

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Trap seal

The maximum depth of liquid retained in a trap.

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Backflow Prevention

Measures taken to stop used water from returning to the water supply.

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National Plumbing Code

Regulations that govern plumbing design and installations.

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Soil Pipe

Pipes that convey waste from water closets and fixtures.

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Waste Pipe

Pipes that carry waste from fixtures other than water closets.

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Cleanout

Access points in drainage for repairs or blockages.

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Ventilation Pipe

A pipe that allows gases to be vented safely to the atmosphere.

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Drainage System

System that conveys both liquid and solid waste safely away.

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Main Vent

The primary vent in a venting system for drainage.

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Fixture branch

Water supply pipe between fixture supply and distributing pipe.

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Fixture drain

Drainpipe from the trap of a fixture to its junction with other pipes.

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Rough-in

Installation of all plumbing before fixtures and accessories are added.

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Flush valve

Device at tank bottom for flushing toilets and fixtures.

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Flushometer valve

Discharges preset water quantity for flushing, activated by pressure.

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Group vent

Branch vent serving two or more traps.

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Local vent

Pipe or shaft that conveys foul air outside from a fixture.

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Invert

Lowest portion inside any pipe or conduit that is not vertical.

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Battery of fixtures

A group of two or more similar fixtures discharging into a common waste branch.

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Combination fixtures

A fixture that combines a sink and tray or multiple compartment sinks into one vent.

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Public sewer

A common sewer controlled by public authority, allowing equal access for connections.

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Vent system

Pipes that provide airflow to a drainage system, protecting trap seals from siphonage.

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Water supply system

Piping system in a building for supplying potable water, including various pipes and fittings.

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Backflow

The unwanted flow of water into potable supply pipes from an unintended source.

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Back-siphonage

The backward flow of contaminated water into a supply pipe due to negative pressure.

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Study Notes

Plumbing Fundamentals

  • Plumbing is the art and science of installing pipes, fixtures, and other equipment to convey water and dispose of wastewater in buildings.
  • The concept of plumbing gained importance during the Greco-Roman civilization.
  • A plumber is a skilled worker in sanitation.
  • Plumbarius (Roman word) translates to lead worker.
  • Plumbum (Latin word) means lead.

Plumbing and Sanitation in Europe

  • The fall of the Roman Empire hindered the development of plumbing and sanitation in Europe.
  • Occurrences of disease during the Renaissance period caused the renewed importance of plumbing and sanitation.
  • England passed the first plumbing apprentice law in the 17th century.
  • France followed suit in the 18th century.

Plumbing in the Philippines

  • Before the 1940s, household plumbing was a luxury item for the wealthy.
  • Water was primarily supplied by:
    • Rainfall
    • Springs
    • Wells
    • Rivers and creeks
  • Water was conveyed and stored using:
    • Improvised bamboo pipes
    • Direct human transport
    • Animal-drawn carts and sleds
    • Earthen jars
    • Wooden containers
    • Bamboo containers
  • Water clarity was the primary indicator of suitability for consumption.
  • Waste disposal was often done in:
    • Rivers
    • Seashores
    • Creeks
    • Waterways
    • Trees
    • Bushes
    • Secluded areas
  • Early toilets were simple pits covered by materials like coconut trunks or bamboo.

Objectives of Plumbing

  • The main goals of plumbing systems are to:
    • Supply water to all areas of a building.
    • Remove and dispose of human waste.
  • An efficient water supply system must:
    • Provide enough water for all fixtures.
    • Prevent backflow of used water into the system.
  • The drainage system must:
    • Quickly remove waste, minimizing blockages.
    • Prevent the entry of pests and noxious gases.

Mandatory Requirements for a Drainage System

  • All plumbing installations follow regulations set by the National Plumbin Ig Code.
  • Pipe joints must be tightly fitted to prevent leaks.
  • Drainage pipes must be sloped downwards towards the main sewage or septic tank.
  • Drainage pipes should have accessible cleanouts for repair.
  • Ventilation pipes are required to direct gases away from buildings.
  • Suitable traps are needed for each fixture to avoid backflow of gases.
  • Drainage systems should be vented to prevent siphonage and backflow.

Types of Waste and Drainage Piping

  • Wastes are classified as:
    • Solid, typically from toilets.
    • Liquid, coming from other fixtures.
  • Waste is transported and disposed of through:
    • Soil pipes, for toilets.
    • Waste pipes, for other fixtures
  • Drainage systems must handle both solid and liquid wastes simultaneously.

Definitions of Plumbing Terms

  • Numerous terms describe different parts and functions of plumbing systems (too extensive to list). l

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