48 Questions
What is the storage duration of platelets if they are kept at room temperature?
7 days
What is the main cause of transfusion-related deaths related to platelet concentrates?
Bacterial contamination
What storage duration for multidonor platelet products results in a higher incidence of sepsis?
5 days
What is the approximate rate of bacterial contamination in actively surveyed transfused platelets?
1 per 2500 units
What is the percentage of patients exposed to contaminated platelet products that developed a septic transfusion reaction?
25%
What is the storage condition for platelet concentrates?
Stored at room temperature
When should sepsis from platelets be considered in a patient?
If they develop a fever within 6 hours after receiving platelets
According to the ASA Task Force guidelines, when might platelet transfusion be indicated despite an adequate platelet count?
If there is known or suspected platelet dysfunction
In which range is prophylactic platelet transfusion rarely indicated in surgical or obstetric patients according to the guidelines?
>100 × 10^9/L
What type of patients may require therapy with intermediate platelet counts (50-100 × 10^9/L) based on the guidelines?
Patients with a high risk of bleeding
Platelet concentrates are obtained as
4 to 6 whole-blood donations
What is the minimum platelet count threshold that may be required in patients receiving chemotherapy for prophylaxis?
10 × 10^9/L
For patients undergoing neurosurgery, what platelet count may be targeted according to the text?
100 × 10^9/L
What is the recommended platelet count range for patients undergoing bone marrow biopsy or lumbar puncture?
20-30 × 10^9/L
which of the following Patients usually require platelet transfusion?
thrombocytopenia (<20 × 10/L) and clinical signs of bleeding
in which patients platelet transfusions increased the risk of death
patients with antiplatelet therapy and intracerebral hemorrhage
Why is aggregation not used for matching platelets?
Platelets cause clumping
What makes detection of recipient antibodies on platelets difficult?
Presence of immunoglobulins on the platelet membrane
Why are ABO-incompatible platelets often chosen for transfusions despite certain challenges?
They still provide very adequate hemostasis
What is the usual increase in platelet count seen 1 hour after transfusing one platelet concentrate in a 70-kg adult?
$7$ to $10$ x $10^9/L$
What factor may lead to decreased survival and recovery of transfused platelets?
Previous sensitization to platelets
Which type of platelet concentrates has been proposed as an alternative according to the text?
Leukocyte-depleted platelets
What was the outcome when severe trauma patients received 4 units of thawed plasma after already receiving 1 unit of RBCs?
Reduction in 30-day mortality
Why do some trauma centers keep thawed plasma readily available?
To expedite the availability of plasma for critical care patients
What is the main difference between Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP) and plasma frozen within 24 hours (PF24)?
PF24 contains less factor V and approximately 25% decrease factor VIII than FFP
What are some of the risks associated with Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP) administration?
TRALI, TACO, allergic or anaphylactic reactions
What is the recommended storage duration for thawed plasma?
Up to 5 days at 1 °C to 6 °C
When should coagulation studies be obtained prior to the administration of Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP)?
When INR is greater than 2, in the absence of heparin
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a guideline for administering Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP) according to the ASA Task Force in 2015?
Using FFP for intravascular volume replacement without any restrictions
which plasma proteins particularly found in FFP?
factors V and VIII
what happens to the coagulation factors found in FFP with the time?
gradually decline during the storage of blood.
What is the primary function of fibronectin in cryoprecipitate?
Clearing foreign particles and bacteria from blood
Why should cryoprecipitate be administered through a filter?
To remove RBC fragments
What is the recommended rate of administration for cryoprecipitate?
200 mL/h
When is transfusion of cryoprecipitate rarely indicated according to the 2015 ASA Task Force on Perioperative Blood Management?
When fibrinogen levels are greater than 150 mg/dL
Why is ABO compatibility not considered crucial for cryoprecipitate administration?
Low concentration of antibodies in cryoprecipitate
In which situation would the administration of cryoprecipitate be indicated based on the guidelines?
When fibrinogen concentrations less than 80-100 mg/dL
which coagulation factors found in CRYOPRECIPITATE ?
factor VIII , factor XIII, fibrinogen
which of The following is indications for the administration of cryoprecipitate:
- In bleeding patients with von Willebrand disease and concentrates are not available
the transition from whole blood to PRBCs lead to ?
incidence of coagulopathies increased
What was the concept that evolved when transitioning from whole blood to PRBCs?
Development of ratios of FFP and/or platelet concentrates with PRBCs
What does a 1:1:1 transfusion ratio represent in terms of blood components?
1 unit of plasma, 1/6 unit of platelets, 1 unit of RBCs
Why is one-sixth unit of platelets commonly used in transfusion ratios?
Because it aligns with donor allocation practices
What did Holcomb and associates find regarding platelet ratios and survival after massive blood transfusions?
Increased platelet ratios were tied to improved survival outcomes
What conclusion did Holcomb and colleagues reach regarding the administration of plasma, platelets, and red blood cells?
No differences in mortality at 24 hours or at 30 days between ratios
According to the PROMMTT study, what was associated with decreased mortality in patients receiving transfusions of at least 3 units of blood products within the first 24 hours after admission?
Higher plasma and platelet ratios
What was a finding from the laboratory clotting profile study by Kornblith and associates regarding a 1:1:1 plasma/platelets/RBC ratio?
more hemostatic properties compared to a 1:1:2 ratio
What risk was associated with aggressive plasma administration to transfused patients as mentioned in the text?
Higher incidence of ARDS and organ dysfunction
This quiz covers the basics of platelet concentrates, including the two main types obtained and their storage conditions. It also includes information on bacterial contamination risks and transfusion-related deaths.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
