Podcast
Questions and Answers
What geological feature is primarily associated with the San Andreas Fault?
What geological feature is primarily associated with the San Andreas Fault?
What occurs during divergent boundaries according to the described processes?
What occurs during divergent boundaries according to the described processes?
How do convection currents in the mantle contribute to plate tectonics?
How do convection currents in the mantle contribute to plate tectonics?
What is a consequence of plates colliding at plate boundaries?
What is a consequence of plates colliding at plate boundaries?
Signup and view all the answers
What temperature can the inner core of the Earth reach?
What temperature can the inner core of the Earth reach?
Signup and view all the answers
Which concept describes the interaction of tectonic plates moving towards each other?
Which concept describes the interaction of tectonic plates moving towards each other?
Signup and view all the answers
What is released during the melting of rock at tectonic plate boundaries?
What is released during the melting of rock at tectonic plate boundaries?
Signup and view all the answers
What happens to magma that does not stay on the earth's surface after cooling?
What happens to magma that does not stay on the earth's surface after cooling?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary purpose of the data collected by buoys in relation to tsunamis?
What is the primary purpose of the data collected by buoys in relation to tsunamis?
Signup and view all the answers
Which step is NOT recommended for preparing your home before an earthquake?
Which step is NOT recommended for preparing your home before an earthquake?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a critical component of an emergency plan according to the content?
What is a critical component of an emergency plan according to the content?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is an example of an important emergency supply to keep at home?
Which of the following is an example of an important emergency supply to keep at home?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the first step recommended by the Earthquake Alliance for preparing your space?
What is the first step recommended by the Earthquake Alliance for preparing your space?
Signup and view all the answers
Which organization is responsible for providing earthquake preparedness information at the municipal level?
Which organization is responsible for providing earthquake preparedness information at the municipal level?
Signup and view all the answers
What is NOT typically a part of emergency preparedness after an earthquake?
What is NOT typically a part of emergency preparedness after an earthquake?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following websites focuses specifically on steps to take before, during, and after an earthquake?
Which of the following websites focuses specifically on steps to take before, during, and after an earthquake?
Signup and view all the answers
What was the supercontinent that existed approximately 250 million years ago?
What was the supercontinent that existed approximately 250 million years ago?
Signup and view all the answers
How long ago did Pangaea begin to break up?
How long ago did Pangaea begin to break up?
Signup and view all the answers
Which statement best defines plate tectonics theory?
Which statement best defines plate tectonics theory?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following plates carry the continental crust?
Which of the following plates carry the continental crust?
Signup and view all the answers
What type of boundary occurs when two tectonic plates slide against each other?
What type of boundary occurs when two tectonic plates slide against each other?
Signup and view all the answers
Which tectonic plate carries Canada and parts of the US?
Which tectonic plate carries Canada and parts of the US?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following statements is NOT a characteristic of plate tectonics theory?
Which of the following statements is NOT a characteristic of plate tectonics theory?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the two types of crust mentioned in the plate tectonics context?
What are the two types of crust mentioned in the plate tectonics context?
Signup and view all the answers
What geological process is involved in the formation of fold mountains at convergent boundaries?
What geological process is involved in the formation of fold mountains at convergent boundaries?
Signup and view all the answers
Which type of rocks are primarily involved in the formation of fold mountains?
Which type of rocks are primarily involved in the formation of fold mountains?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary characteristic of the oceanic crust compared to the continental crust?
What is the primary characteristic of the oceanic crust compared to the continental crust?
Signup and view all the answers
What significant earthquake is referred to as 'The Big One' in relation to the Cascadia Subduction Zone?
What significant earthquake is referred to as 'The Big One' in relation to the Cascadia Subduction Zone?
Signup and view all the answers
Where is the Juan de Fuca plate located?
Where is the Juan de Fuca plate located?
Signup and view all the answers
What type of plate boundary is associated with the formation of ocean trenches?
What type of plate boundary is associated with the formation of ocean trenches?
Signup and view all the answers
What distinguishes the crustal features of rifts on continents from those on ocean floors?
What distinguishes the crustal features of rifts on continents from those on ocean floors?
Signup and view all the answers
Which infrastructure is most likely to be impacted by the 'big one' earthquake?
Which infrastructure is most likely to be impacted by the 'big one' earthquake?
Signup and view all the answers
What precaution should be taken regarding identity documents before a tsunami occurs?
What precaution should be taken regarding identity documents before a tsunami occurs?
Signup and view all the answers
During an earthquake, the recommended action to take is to:
During an earthquake, the recommended action to take is to:
Signup and view all the answers
After experiencing a tsunami warning, what is the first action to be taken?
After experiencing a tsunami warning, what is the first action to be taken?
Signup and view all the answers
What is DART an acronym for in tsunami forecasting?
What is DART an acronym for in tsunami forecasting?
Signup and view all the answers
How does the DART system assist in tsunami prediction?
How does the DART system assist in tsunami prediction?
Signup and view all the answers
What should residents do when evacuating during a tsunami?
What should residents do when evacuating during a tsunami?
Signup and view all the answers
What elements are commonly marked on tsunami evacuation maps?
What elements are commonly marked on tsunami evacuation maps?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following actions should NOT be taken during a tsunami warning?
Which of the following actions should NOT be taken during a tsunami warning?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Pangaea
- Pangaea was a supercontinent that contained all land masses
- Was formed around 250 million years ago
- Broke up around 200 million years ago
Plate Tectonics
- Theory widely accepted since the 1960s
- Earth's outer layer is broken into several large slabs called plates
- Plates hold the continents and oceans
- Plates slowly and constantly move around the planet
- Supports the understanding that continents aren't fixed and have moved over time
- Explains how and why earthquakes, volcanoes, and other geologic events occur
Types of Crust
- Continental Crust is thicker than Oceanic Crust
Tectonic Plates
- North American Plate carries Canada, US/Central America, and the NW Atlantic Ocean
- Pacific Plate, Juan De Fuca Plate, and North American Plate boundaries are located on the BC west coast.
Plate Boundaries
- Convergent Boundaries are an area on Earth where two or more plates push toward each other.
- Divergent Boundaries are two tectonic plates moving away from each other
- Transform Boundaries happen when two tectonic plates slide against each other.
San Andreas Fault
- Is a famous transform boundary
- Located in California, USA
Divergent Boundaries
- Push up large amounts of land
- Cause land masses to rift/break apart
- Magma rises between the cracks of the plates
- Hardens/cools from cold ocean water.
Convection Currents in the Mantle
- Magma rises to the top, causing the earth to split apart
- When plates split apart, some collide, causing one of them to go underneath the earth
- When some of that rock is melted due to the intense heat, carbon dioxide is released and once enough pressure is built, volcanoes form and erupt.
- This cycle repeats as not all of the magma stays on the surface; some comes back down, and once reheated, comes back up.
- Inner core can have temperatures of up to 5500 degrees C
- Oceanic plates are found are oceans, and continental plates are found beneath large land masses
Fold Mountains
- Formed over millions of years when colliding tectonic plates cause the Earth's crust to warp and fold, a process known as orogeny.
- Typically found at convergent plate boundaries
- Primarily made of weaker sedimentary and metamorphic rocks
- More prone to folding due to compression forces.
Ocean Trenches
- Connected to divergent boundaries
- Mariana's Trench is the deepest ocean trench, located in the Pacific Ocean
Oceanic Crust
- Thinner than continental crust
Cascadia Subduction Zone
- The Juan De Fuca plate is in the process of subducting underneath the North American Plate
"The Big One"
- The earthquake that will occur when the Juan the Fuca plate hits the North American Plate.
- Magnitude 8 or above
Urban Infrastructure
- Buildings, roads, bridges, power lines, water supply systems
- Impact by "The Big One" will likely result in loss of power and water, damage to buildings and infrastructure.
Tsunami Evacuation Protocol
- Tsunami hazard zone/inundation area is at risk of being flooded by a tsunami
- Assembly areas/meeting spots are safe locations to gather after an earthquake
- Stay outside of tsunami hazard zones to avoid being affected by the tsunami
- Notification Zones are areas that are at risk of being affected by a tsunami.
DART
- Deep-Ocean Assessment and Reporting of Tsunamis
- Stations are located around the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, as well as near earthquake zones
- Buoys stationed within earthquake zones measure wave heights
- Predicts the area of land that will be affected by a tsunami using the data the buoys obtain.
- Provides a high-quality tsunami forecast showing which areas will be inundated
Earthquake Preparedness
- Before, During, and After are the three recommended stages in earthquake preparedness
- Secure your stuff by securing heavy items and moving breakable items to lower shelves.
- Plan to be safe by creating an emergency plan, choosing a meeting spot after the earthquake and having a plan to communicate with family.
- Get emergency supplies such as water, food, and a first aid kit.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
Explore the formation and breakup of Pangaea, the supercontinent that existed around 250 million years ago. Understand the theory of plate tectonics, including the types of crust and different plate boundaries, which explain the movement of Earth’s continents and the geological activities that occur. This quiz covers the fundamental aspects of Earth's geological processes.